Perspectives of Urban Growth Management and Sustainable Development In West Bank, Hebron District as a case Study

The main objective of this PhD research study is to provide a perspective on the urban growth management and sustainable development in Palestine, and more specifically in Hebron district as a case study. Hebron is located 36 km south of Jerusalem, with an overall population size of around 600,000 people living in a total area around1246km2. Hebron is the biggest Palestinian district that has 16 municipalities and 154 localities. The research discusses and analyzes the urban planning system, economical and environmental policies and the solution required to manage and integrate the development elements to develop a sustainable development plan for Hebron. The research provides answers for fundamental questions such as what kind and definition of sustainable development are applicable to the Palestinian case?. What are the sustainability problems there and how the Israeli occupation and unstable political condition affect the sustainable development in Palestine? What are the urban growth management and sustainability policies and actions required from government, public and privets sector in Palestine? The fast urban growth in Palestine is facing many problems and challenges due to the increase in the population size and the resulting impact of this increase including, but not limited to, the demand of new houses, need for more infrastructure services, demands on new industrial, commercial, educational and health projects, which in turn reduces the area of agricultural lands and threatens the natural resources and environment. There are also other associated sustainability problems like the absence of effective plans or regulations that control urban expansion, the absence of sufficient sustainable development plans at the national levels for the district, new job requirements, Israeli restrictions and occupation for more than 60 years, existence of construction factories near residential areas, poor public awareness and poor governmental funds for service projects and development plans. The study consists of nine chapters. Chapter One includes an introduction, study objectives, problems and justifications, while Chapter Two has a theoretical background on sustainability topic and definitions of sustainability. The Palestinian urban planning laws and local government systems are discussed in Chapter Three and the methodology of research is detailed in Chapter Four. As for Chapter Five, it provides a general background on Hebron District including demographical and economical profiles, along with recommendations related to sustainable development for each profile Chapter Six addresses the urban environment, sustainability priorities and policies required. Chapter Seven discusses and analyzes infrastructure services including transportation, water and wastewater. As for Chapter Eight, it addresses the land use, housing and urban expansion beside the cultural heritage, natural heritage with relevant sustainable development polices and recommendations. Finally, Chapter Nine includes a conclusion and comprehensive recommendations integrating all of urban and sustainability event in one map. Hebron has a deep history including a rich cultural heritage aged by thousands of years, with 47% of Hebron district population under 14 years old. Being the biggest Palestinian district, Hebron has thousands of industrial and economical organizations beside a large agricultural sector at Palestine level. This gives Hebron a potential to play major roles in developing a national sustainability plan, as the current urban planning system in Palestine needs urgent reform and development to fulfill the sustainability requirement. The municipalities and ministers should find permanent financial aid for urban planning and development studies so as to face future challenges. The Palestinian government can benefit from available local human resources in development projects; hence Palestinian people have sufficient qualifications in most sectors. The Palestinian people also can invest in the privet sector in Palestine in case businessmen have been encouraged and clear investment laws and plans have been developed. The study provides recommendations associated to the sustainable development in Palestine in general and Hebron, as a case study, in specific. Recommendations include increasing the privet sector as well as the public involvement in urban growth management, and stopping unplanned urban expansion, subjecting granting building permits of new projects to the no-harm environmental impact assessment, increasing the coordination and cooperation between localities and central bodies, protection and renovation of old cites and green areas, increasing the quality and quantity of infrastructure services, establishing district urban planning department to coordinate and organize urban planning and sustainable development activities. Also, among recommendations come dividing Hebron into three planning and administrative areas (north, central and south), and dividing the sustainable development and implementation period (2010 to 2025) into three main phases. Finally, the study strongly recommends benefiting from the same urban development plans in similar districts at national and international levels, also to use new technologies and information systems in urban planning process.

Análisis de las relaciones político-militares colombo-estadounidenses y su incidencia en la política de seguridad y defensa venezolana durante el periodo 2006-2010

Las relaciones político-militares entre Colombia y Estados Unidos (EE.UU.) se han orientado desde la década de los ochenta a la solución de dos asuntos fundamentales de la agenda bilateral, como son: por un lado, la Lucha contra las Drogas, y desde los ataques del 11 de septiembre de 2001, la Lucha Global contra el Terrorismo Internacional. A partir de esto, la alianza formada entre ambas naciones se ha manifestado, en términos materiales, en el incremento de ayudas económicas, material armamentístico, inteligencia, tropas y contratistas estadounidenses en Colombia, lo cual, acompañado de la alineación colombiana al discurso antiterrorista estadounidense han permitido que Colombia sea considerado por EE.UU. como un aliado estratégico en la región. Ante el escenario de las relaciones colombo-estadounidenses, la administración de Hugo Chávez Frías inició un programa de reorientación de la política de seguridad y defensa venezolana con el fin de garantizar la defensa integral del Estado, a partir del incremento en la adquisición de material bélico y reequipamiento militar, la profundización de las relaciones cívico-militares y el involucramiento directo de la sociedad civil en la defensa del Estado. Por lo anterior, este estudio se centra particularmente, en determinar en qué medida la reorientación de la doctrina de seguridad venezolana durante el gobierno de Chávez, en especial durante el periodo 2006-2010, hace parte de una estrategia defensiva frente a la amenaza identificada en la relación político-militar entre Colombia y Estados Unidos.

Valuable resources for parents of hearing-impaired children (ages: birth - 5 years)

This paper presents basic and immediate resources for parents with hearing impaired children between the ages of birth and five years. Resources include those dealing with educational options, basic literature, government resources, legal rights, parent advocacy issues and financial aid.

Podcasting Oral Presentations

This presentation tells how podcasts can be used to enhance the learning experience of English as a Second Language (ESL) students registered in a content-based language immersion program. The students were placed in groups of four and asked to prepare an oral presentation. The topics of the presentations included Financial Aid, College Courses and Course Schedules and Academic Policies. Each presentation was podcasted to give students an opportunity for self-evaluation and feedback.

Foreign investment in Mexico after economic reform

Includes bibliography

Análise da sustentabilidade econômica e social na produção extensiva de ostras em uma região subtropical

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Partidos na comissão mista de planos, orçamentos públicos e fiscalização (2006-2010)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Cooperação Técnica Internacional e Financiamento Externo: Aportes Teóricos

The main objective of this article is to suggest a conceptual taxonomy of thegenerically called International Technical Cooperation (ITC) and Foreign Financial Aid (FFA) phenomena, which will have the pretension to ease their comprehension and their practical consequences for the Brazilian society and for the national State. Insofar, wheninduced by a dynamical structural change in the international society, some Brazilianfederated sectors, specially, municipalities, by the exercise of so-called paradiplomacy or federated diplomacy, are developing public management instruments to acquire resources through ITC and FFA experiences, without making a reflexive thought about their benefits and their consequences.

The South Omaha Community Scholarship Program: A Qualitative Study of Persistence of Hispanic Students at Bellevue University

The purpose of this case study was to determine the impact of the South Omaha Community Scholarship Program on the persistence of the Hispanic students who participated. Previous research on Hispanic student persistence has focused on the reasons why students do not persist and more recent research has been conducted on programs and retention efforts, colleges and universities are implementing on their campuses. This study researched a specific program, The South Omaha Community Scholarship Program, designed to provide financial, academic and other needed resources to help Hispanic students persist to graduation. The researcher believes this study was important because it provided an overview of how the South Omaha Community Scholarship Program is affecting students both on campus and in their community. Eight interviews were conducted, with eligible students, in person. Students eligible for the study were current students or recent graduates of the South Omaha Community Scholarship Program and had attained at least junior or senior status as of the fall of 2009, as defined by Bellevue University. Research questions were based on the four components of the program and the affect the program had on the student’s life, outside of Bellevue University. The four components of the program were: financial aid, academic advising, the scholarship aid, and the Professional Enrichment Program. The results of the study were broken into five components with an additional section that provided other themes that were derived from the interviews. The five components were: (a) financial aid counseling, (b) academic advising, (c) scholarship aid, (d) Professional Enrichment Program, and (e) the South Omaha Community Scholarship Program beyond Bellevue University. Other themes that were derived from the interviews were: class format, deciding on a college, higher education class, campus resources, and a sense of community on-campus. The research found that the scholarship, provided by the South Omaha Community Scholarship Program, was the primary motivating factor for students to attend Bellevue University and persist in college. The interviewed students also commented on how the scholarship had given them the opportunity to attend college, even though that opportunity had seemed out of reach. The interviewed students also commented on their academic advising experience, campus resources, and feeling a sense of community on-campus as other campus related areas that were affected by the South Omaha Community Scholarship Program. Finally, students provided examples of how the South Omaha Community Scholarship Program impacted their connection to their South Omaha community through volunteer and employment opportunities. Adviser: Richard Hoover

Social Policy Facing the Problems of Youth Employment

Rumiana Stoilova (Bulgaria). Social Policy Facing the Problems of Youth Employment. Ms. Stoilova is a researcher in the Institute of Sociology in Sofia and worked on this project from October 1996 to September 1998. This project involved collecting both statistical and empirical data on the state of youth employment in Bulgaria, which was then compared with similar data from other European countries. One significant aspect was the parallel investigation of employment and unemployment, which took as a premise the continuity of professional experience where unemployment is just a temporary condition caused by external and internal factors. These need to be studied and changed on a systematic basis so as to create a more favourable market situation and to improve individuals' resources for improving their market opportunities. A second important aspect of the project was an analysis of the various entities active on the labour market, including government and private institutions, associations of unemployed persons, of employers or of trade unions, all with their specific legal powers and interests, and of the problems in communication between these. The major trends in youth unemployment during the period studied include a high proportion of the registered unemployed who are not eligible for social assistance, a lengthening of the average period of unemployment, an increase in the percentage of people who are unemployed for the first time and an increasing percentage of these who are not eligible for assistance, particularly among newly registered young people. At the same time the percentage of those for who work has been found is rising and during the last three years an increasing number of the unemployed have started some independent economic activity. Regional differences are also considerable and in the case of the Haskovo region represent a danger of losing the youngest generation, with resulting negative demographic effects. One major weakness of the existing institutional structure is the large scale of the black labour market, with clear negative implications for the young people drawn into it. The role of non-governmental organisations in providing support and information for the unemployed is growing and the government has recently introduced special preferences for organisations offering jobs to unemployed persons. Social policy in the labour market has however been largely restricted to passive measures, mostly because of the risk that poverty poses to people continuously excluded from the labour market. Among the active measures taken, well over half are concerned with providing jobs for the unemployed and there are very limited programmes for providing or improving qualifications. The nature of youth employment in Bulgaria can be seen in the influence of sustained structures (generation) and institutions (family and school). Ms. Stoilova studied the situation of the modern generation through a series of profiles, mostly those of continuously unemployed and self-employed persons, but also distinguishing between students and the unemployed, and between high school and university students. The different categories of young people were studied in separate mini-studies and the survey was carried out in five town in order to gather objective and subjective information on the state of the labour market in the different regions. She conducted interviews with several hundred young people covering questions of family background, career plans, attitudes to the labour situation and government measures to deal with it, and such questions as independence, mobility, attitude to work, etc. The interviews with young people unemployed for a long period of time show the risk involved in starting work and its link with dynamics of economic development. Their approval of structural reforms, of the financial restrictions connected with the introduction of a currency board and the inevitability of unemployment was largely declarative. The findings indicate that the continuously unemployed need practical knowledge and skills to "translate" the macroeconomic realities in concrete alternatives of individual work and initiative. The unemployed experience their exclusion from the labour market not only as a professional problem but also as an existential threat, of poverty, forced mobility and dependence on their parents' generation. The exclusion from the market of goods and services means more than just exercising restraint in their consumption, as it places restrictions on their personal development. Ms. Stoilova suggests that more efficient ways of providing financial aid and mobilisation are needed to counteract the social disintegration and marginalisation of the continuously unemployed. In measuring the speed of reform, university students took both employment opportunities and the implementation of the meritocratic principle in employment into account. When offered a hypothetical choice between a well-paid job and work in one's own profession, 62% would prefer opt for the well-paid job and for working for a company that offered career opportunities rather than employment in a family or own company. While most see the information gained during their studies as useful and interesting, relatively few see their education as competitive on a wider level and many were pessimistic about employment opportunities based on their qualifications. Very similar attitudes were found among high school students, with differences being due rather to family and personal situations. The unemployed, on the other hand, placed greater emphasis on possibilities of gaining or improving qualifications on a job and for the opportunities it would offer for personal contacts. High school students tend to attribute more significance to opportunities for personal accomplishment. A significant difference that five times fewer high school students were willing to work for state-owned companies, and many fewer expected to find permanent employment or to find a job in the area where they lived, Within the family situation, actual support for children seems to be higher than the feelings of confidence expressed in interviews. The attitudes of the families towards past experience seems to be linked with their ability to cope with the difficulties of the present, with those families which show an optimistic and active attitude towards the future having a greater respect for parents experience and tolerance in communication between parents and children.

The Impact of Western Social Workers in Romania - a Fine Line between Empowerment and Disempowerment

Ideally the social work profession promotes social change, problem solving in human relationships and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance their well-being (IFSW 2004). The social work practice, however, often proves to be different. Social workers are always in the danger to make decisions for their clients or define problems according to their own interpretation and world view. In quite a number of cases, the consequence of such a social work practice is that the clients feel disempowered rather than empowered. This dilemma is multiplying when western social workers get involved in developing countries. The potential that intervention, with the intention to empower and liberate the people, turns into disempowerment is tremendously higher because of the differences in tradition, culture and society, on the one side and the power imbalance between the ‘West’ and the ‘Rest’ on the other side. Especially in developing countries, where the vast majority of people live in poverty, many Western social workers come with a lot of sympathy and the idea to help the poor and to change the world. An example is Romania. After the collapse of communism in 1989, Romania was an economically, politically and socially devastated country. The pictures of the orphanages shocked the western world. As a result many Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), churches and individuals were bringing humanitarian goods to Romania in order to alleviate the misery of the Romanian people and especially the children. Since then, important changes in all areas of life have occurred, mostly with foreign financial aid and support. At the political level, democratic institutions were established, a liberal market economy was launched and laws were adapted to western standards regarding the accession into the European Union and the NATO. The western world has left its marks also at the grassroots level in form of NGOs or social service agencies established through western grants and individuals. Above and beyond, the presence of western goods and investment in Romania is omnipresent. This reflects a newly-gained freedom and prosperity - Romania profits certainly from these changes. But this is only one side of the medal, as the effect of westernisation contradicts with the Romanian reality and overruns many deep-rooted traditions, thus the majority of people. Moreover, only a small percentage of the population has access to this western world. Western concepts, procedures or interpretations are often highly differing from the Romanian tradition, history and culture. Nevertheless, western ideas seem to dominate the transition in many areas of daily life in Romania. A closer look reveals that many changes take place due to pressure of western governments and are conditioned to financial support. The dialectic relationship between the need for foreign aid and the implementation becomes very obvious in Romania and often leads, despite the substantial benefits, to unpredictable and rather negative side-effects, at a political, social, cultural, ecological and/or economic level. This reality is a huge dilemma for all those involved, as there is a fine line between empowering and disempowering action. It is beyond the scope of this journal to discuss the dilemma posed by Western involvement at all levels; therefore this article focuses on the impact of Western social workers in Romania. The first part consists of a short introduction to social work in Romania, followed by the discussion about the dilemma posed by the structure of project of international social work and the organisation of private social service agencies. Thirdly the experiences of Romanian staff with Western social workers are presented and then discussed with regard to turning disempowering tendencies of Western social workers into empowerment.

Contribuição à história dos batistas Sul-Mato-grossenses a partir da memória coletiva Um Recorte Biográfico da missionária Ann Mae Louise Wollerman

Esta pesquisa parte do interesse de análise da contribuição da missionária Ana Wollerman para o crescimento da denominação batista no sul de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, no período compreendido entre os anos de 1948 a 1978. A memória religiosa e autobiográfica da missionária apresenta experiências com o sagrado que marcam divisores de fases e temporalidades no seu recorte biográfico e que influenciam decisivamente na postura ministerial adotada. As entrevistas com algumas pessoas que participaram das comunidades afetivas existentes e os registros nas atas lidas constatam em grande parte os dados coletados pela memória. Ana Wollerman, filha de descendentes de alemães nos E.U.A., graduou-se em Artes e pósgraduou- se em Educação Religiosa. Veio para o Brasil inicialmente como missionária sem depender do sustento financeiro de uma Junta Missionária, fundou diversas escolas de ensino primário, trabalhou na implantação de diversas igrejas e dedicou grande parte de seus esforços no ensino ministerial. Foi responsável pela ajuda financeira no sustento de mais de uma dezena de jovens nos Seminários de Curitiba-PR, no IBER-RJ e no Seminário do Sul-RJ. Contribuiu também para que fossem destinadas grandes ofertas para a construção do Seminário Teológico Batista em Dourados. O trabalho procura seguir uma metodologia ainda em construção no que se refere à memória religiosa e utiliza o referencial teórico de Maurice Halbwachs para apresentar as memórias individuais e construção da memória coletiva, bem como tem apoio no próprio Halbwachs ao trabalhar a leitura da formação das comunidades afetivas. Aliado a estas questões se presta como um primeiro tratado sobre a historiografia da denominação batista em Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, reunindo aspectos da sua gênese e do seu desenvolvimento. O resgate e a valorização da memória do sujeito-objeto em questão, ainda em vida constitui também no reconhecimento que a academia pode prestar às pessoas e às comunidades que se dedicam à construção de um mundo melhor.(AU)

Contribuição à história dos batistas Sul-Mato-grossenses a partir da memória coletiva Um Recorte Biográfico da missionária Ann Mae Louise Wollerman

Esta pesquisa parte do interesse de análise da contribuição da missionária Ana Wollerman para o crescimento da denominação batista no sul de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, no período compreendido entre os anos de 1948 a 1978. A memória religiosa e autobiográfica da missionária apresenta experiências com o sagrado que marcam divisores de fases e temporalidades no seu recorte biográfico e que influenciam decisivamente na postura ministerial adotada. As entrevistas com algumas pessoas que participaram das comunidades afetivas existentes e os registros nas atas lidas constatam em grande parte os dados coletados pela memória. Ana Wollerman, filha de descendentes de alemães nos E.U.A., graduou-se em Artes e pósgraduou- se em Educação Religiosa. Veio para o Brasil inicialmente como missionária sem depender do sustento financeiro de uma Junta Missionária, fundou diversas escolas de ensino primário, trabalhou na implantação de diversas igrejas e dedicou grande parte de seus esforços no ensino ministerial. Foi responsável pela ajuda financeira no sustento de mais de uma dezena de jovens nos Seminários de Curitiba-PR, no IBER-RJ e no Seminário do Sul-RJ. Contribuiu também para que fossem destinadas grandes ofertas para a construção do Seminário Teológico Batista em Dourados. O trabalho procura seguir uma metodologia ainda em construção no que se refere à memória religiosa e utiliza o referencial teórico de Maurice Halbwachs para apresentar as memórias individuais e construção da memória coletiva, bem como tem apoio no próprio Halbwachs ao trabalhar a leitura da formação das comunidades afetivas. Aliado a estas questões se presta como um primeiro tratado sobre a historiografia da denominação batista em Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, reunindo aspectos da sua gênese e do seu desenvolvimento. O resgate e a valorização da memória do sujeito-objeto em questão, ainda em vida constitui também no reconhecimento que a academia pode prestar às pessoas e às comunidades que se dedicam à construção de um mundo melhor.(AU)

Inclusão social no meio universitário: o discurso e a vivência cotidiana do estudante na EACH-USP

A educação, enquanto um direito fundamental do homem, vem passando por processo de reconhecimento no decorrer da formação da sociedade, sua importância no exercício da cidadania e na garantia de direitos, atualmente é indiscutível, bem como propiciar a diminuição das desigualdades sociais. A Universidade São Paulo, vem implantando programas de inclusão social para estudantes oriundos da escola pública e os seus principais programas são o Programa de Inclusão Social da USP (INCLUSP), que tem previsto desde bônus nas notas do vestibular até outros mecanismos de acréscimo de bônus no vestibular, bem como o Programa de Apoio à Permanência e Formação Estudantil (PAPFE), com seus auxílios financeiros aos estudantes carentes. Evidente que estas iniciativas são louváveis, porém na prática cotidiana como assistente social, nos deparamos com as lutas diárias destes estudantes, as dificuldades que encontram para cumprir com as exigências acadêmicas. Propusemos, com este estudo sistematizar, analisar e teorizar o discurso da universidade confrontando-o com os relatos dos estudantes que foram contemplados por estes programas. Constatamos que a permanência estudantil abrange não só os aspectos materiais, mas bem como os aspectos simbólicos, desse modo não é garantida a inclusão social do estudante apenas com o auxílio financeiro, pois a exclusão social intramuros na universidade permanece

Evaluation of hybrid and distance education learning environments in Spain

This article describes the adaptation and validation of the Distance Education Learning Environments Survey (DELES) for use in investigating the qualities found in distance and hybrid education psycho-social learning environments in Spain. As Europe moves toward post-secondary student mobility, equanimity in access to higher education, and more standardised degree programs across the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) the need for a high quality method for continually assessing the excellence of distance and hybrid learning environments has arisen. This study outlines how the English language DELES was adapted into the new Spanish-Distance Education Learning Environments Survey (S-DELES) for use with a Bachelor of Psychology and Criminology degree program offering both distance and hybrid education classes. We present the relationships between psycho-social learning environment perceptions and those of student affect. We also present the asynchronous aspects of the environment, scale means, and a comparison between the perceptions of distance education students and their hybrid education counterparts that inform the university about the baseline health of the information and communication technologies (ICT) environment within which the study was conducted.