Is the polarity of content producers strongly influenced by the results of the event?

This paper presents an approach to compare two types of data, subjective data (Polarity of Pan American Games 2011 event by country) and objective data (the number of medals won by each participating country), based on the Pearson corre- lation. When dealing with events described by people, knowledge acquisition is difficult because their structure is heterogeneous and subjective. A first step towards knowing the polarity of the information provided by people consists in automatically classifying the posts into clusters according to their polarity. The authors carried out a set of experiments using a corpus that consists of 5600 posts extracted from 168 Internet resources related to a specific event: the 2011 Pan American games. The approach is based on four components: a crawler, a filter, a synthesizer and a polarity analyzer. The PanAmerican approach automatically classifies the polarity of the event into clusters with the following results: 588 positive, 336 neutral, and 76 negative. Our work found out that the polarity of the content produced was strongly influenced by the results of the event with a correlation of .74. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the polarity of content is strongly affected by the results of the event. Finally, the accuracy of the PanAmerican approach is: .87, .90, and .80 according to the precision of the three classes of polarity evaluated.

Unusual Centrosome Cycle in Dictyostelium: Correlation of Dynamic Behavior and Structural Changes

Centrosome duplication and separation are of central importance for cell division. Here we provide a detailed account of this dynamic process in Dictyostelium. Centrosome behavior was monitored in living cells using a γ-tubulin–green fluorescent protein construct and correlated with morphological changes at the ultrastructural level. All aspects of the duplication and separation process of this centrosome are unusual when compared with, e.g., vertebrate cells. In interphase the Dictyostelium centrosome is a box-shaped structure comprised of three major layers, surrounded by an amorphous corona from which microtubules emerge. Structural duplication takes place during prophase, as opposed to G1/S in vertebrate cells. The three layers of the box-shaped core structure increase in size. The surrounding corona is lost, an event accompanied by a decrease in signal intensity of γ-tubulin–green fluorescent protein at the centrosome and the breakdown of the interphase microtubule system. At the prophase/prometaphase transition the separation into two mitotic centrosomes takes place via an intriguing lengthwise splitting process where the two outer layers of the prophase centrosome peel away from each other and become the mitotic centrosomes. Spindle microtubules are now nucleated from surfaces that previously were buried inside the interphase centrosome. Finally, at the end of telophase, the mitotic centrosomes fold in such a way that the microtubule-nucleating surface remains on the outside of the organelle. Thus in each cell cycle the centrosome undergoes an apparent inside-out/outside-in reversal of its layered structure.

Correlation between wet bulk density and carbonate content from IODP Hole 321-U1338A, 321-U1338B and 321-U1338C

Sediment cores collected from the Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean display a clear positive second-order relationship between wet bulk density (WBD) and carbonate content. This has long interested the paleoceanography community because detailed Gamma Ray Attenuation Porosity Evaluator (GRAPE) measurements, which approximate WBD, might be used to determine records of carbonate content at very high temporal resolution. Although general causes for the relationship are known, they have not been presented and discussed systematically on the basis of first principles. In this study, we measure the mass and carbonate content of 50 sediment samples with known WBD from Site U1338, before and after rinsing with de-ionized water; we also determine the mass related proportion of coarse (> 63 µm) material. Samples exhibit clear relationships between WBD, carbonate content, mass loss upon rinsing, and grain size. We develop a series of mathematical expressions to describe these relationships, and solve them numerically. As noted by previous workers, the second-order relationship between WBD and carbonate content results from the mixing of biogenic carbonate and biogenic silica, which have different grain densities and different porosities. However, at high carbonate content, a wide range in WBD occurs because samples with greater amounts of coarse carbonate have higher porosity. Moreover compaction impacts carbonate particles more than biogenic silica particles. As such, a single two-component equation cannot be used to determine carbonate content accurately across depth intervals where both the porosity and type of carbonate vary. Instead, the WBD-carbonate relationship is described by an infinite series of curves, each which represents mixing of multiple sediment components with different densities and porosities. Dissolved ions also precipitate from pore space during sample drying, which adds mass to the sediment. Without rinsing samples, simple empirical relationships between WBD and carbonate content are further skewed by salt dilution.

Event marketing: an innovative promotional tool and its impact on consumer memory and brand awareness

Event Marketing represents a common promotional strategy that involves direct contact between brands and consumers at special events, namely concerts, festivals, sporting events and fairs. Brands have been investing in sponsorship as a means of associating themselves with particular events, essentially with the goal to enhance brand image and brand awareness. Interestingly, the response of consumers to event marketing has not yet been fully understood. This dissertation fills this gap. More specifically, it intends to determine the extent to which sponsoring brands at events favors brand awareness (recall and recognition) and how it relates to brand attitude. Based on three Portuguese music festivals, two studies were conducted to ascertain event sponsorship’s impact on consumer memory, notably Brand Recall and Brand Recognition, and correlation with attitudes towards the brands such as familiarity and liking. The key findings of these studies show that recognition is much higher for those respondents who attended the festivals, presenting a score of 73,9%, in comparison with recall, presenting a much lower score of 37,5%. Further, and surprisingly, it suggests that the ability to recall and recognize sponsoring brands is not associated to consumer attitudes towards the brands. Instead, it relates to the time consumers dedicated to these particular events, that is, the number of music festivals attended.

Small businesses and flood impacts:the case of the 2009 flood event in Cockermouth

Flooding can have a devastating impact on businesses, especially on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) who may be unprepared and vulnerable to the range of both direct and indirect impacts. SMEs may tend to focus on the direct tangible impacts of flooding, limiting their ability to realise the true costs of flooding. Greater understanding of the impacts of flooding is likely to contribute towards increased uptake of flood protection measures by SMEs, particularly during post-flood property reinstatement. This study sought to investigate the full range of impacts experienced by SMEs located in Cockermouth following the floods of 2009. The findings of a questionnaire survey of SMEs revealed that businesses not directly affected by the flooding experienced a range of impacts and that short-term impacts were given a higher significance. A strong correlation was observed between direct, physical flood impacts and post-flood costs of insurance. Significant increases in the costs of property insurance and excesses were noted, meaning that SMEs will be exposed to increased losses in the event of a future flood event. The findings from the research will enable policy makers and professional bodies to make informed decisions to improve the status of advice given to SMEs. The study also adds weight to the case for SMEs to consider investing in property-level flood risk adaptation measures, especially during the post flood reinstatement process. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and The Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management (CIWEM).

Detection of Logical-and-Probabilistic Correlation in Time Series

An application of the heterogeneous variables system prediction method to solving the time series analysis problem with respect to the sample size is considered in this work. It is created a logical-and-probabilistic correlation from the logical decision function class. Two ways is considered. When the information about event is kept safe in the process, and when it is kept safe in depending process.