Produção e composição bromatológica da forragem do capim-mombaça (Panicum maximum Jacq.), submetidos a diferentes fontes e doses de corretivo de acidez

The experiment was carried in protected (greenhouse) atmosphere, in University of Engineering, UN-ESP of Ilha Solteira-SP, with the objective of evaluating sources (limestone and calcium silicate slag) and doses (0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 times the recommended dose) of corrective in the bromatolouic composition, tillering and production of dry matter of the grass mombaca (Nuncio? maximum Jacq.). The lineation was completely randomized design, with four repetitions. It was evaluated the tiller number, the production of dry matter, the gross protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). The corrective influenced the tillering in almost all of the countings. The limestone provided larger production of dry matter in the doses of 1,5 and 2,0 times the recommended dose. The bromatologic composition of the forage was not influenced by the corrective and doses.

Produção e Distribuição de Matéria Seca e Composição Bromatológica de Cultivares de Alfafa (Medicago sativa L.)

The objective of this research was to evaluate dry matter production (DMP), seasonal distribution (SD) and chemical composition of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of seventeen alfalfa cultivates: Creole, Florida 77, P555, P581, Moapa, Gilboa, 34 Linea, C/W 8754, C/W 4468, C/W 86, C/W 8746, Hunter Field, Trifecta, Sequel, CUF 101, Aurora e Siriver. A complete randomized blocks experimental design, with three replicates in a split plot on time scheme, was used. For DMP and SD, the cultivates were in the main plot and cuts in the subplots. For chemical composition, cultivates were also the main plots, and seasons of the year, summer and winter, the subplots. There were no differences among cultivates for the annual average dry matter production (12,08 t/[ha.year]) and SD (35% in the winter). There were differences in the chemical composition, among cultivates for CP and significant interaction among cultivates and the seasons of year for NDF and ADF. All cultivates showed similar potential production and seasonal distribution of dry matter. The alfalfa quality in the winter was better than in the summer.

Influência do método de fenação e tempo de armazenamento sobre a composição bromatológica e ocorrência de fungos no feno de alfafa (Medicago sativa, L. cv. Flórida 77)

O experimento objetivou estudar a influência de 24 tratamentos resultantes do arranjo fatorial 6 x 4, referente a seis métodos de fenação e quatro tempos de armazenamento em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições para análise bromatológica e quatro para determinação de fungos. Os métodos de fenação consistiram em: T1 - (sombra, E) secagem à sombra, a forrageira foi levada para o galpão imediatamente após o corte e mantida espalhada (E); T2 e T3 - o material permaneceu ao sol até perder 50% do peso e posteriormente foi seco à sombra, sendo o T2 espalhado (sol 50%, E) e o T3 amontoado - A (sol 50%, A); T4 e T5, consistiram do recolhimento da forragem para completar sua secagem à sombra, após viragem e perda de 60% de peso sob exposição ao sol, T4 espalhada (sol 60%, E), T5 amontoada (sol 60%, A) e o T6 perda de 80% do peso sob exposição ao sol e posteriormente amontoado à sombra (sol 80%, A). Os quatro tempos de armazenamento foram: 0, 15, 30 e 60 dias. Verificou-se que os fenos nos quais o material ficou mais tempo exposto ao sol apresentaram pior qualidade em termos de PB, FDN e FDA. A ocorrência de fungos foi maior no feno seco à sombra (T1) e naqueles em que a forragem foi amontoada, devido à ausência de aeração para retirada de umidade. O método mais adequado para a conservação da alfafa consistiu na exposição da forragem ao sol até a perda de 50% do peso da forragem original, com posterior secagem do material espalhado à sombra.

Efeito da altura e da frequência de corte sobre a produção, composição bromatológica e vigor de rebrota do capim-colonião

O trabalho foi conduzido no Campus da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal/UNESP com o objetivo de estudar o efeito de duas frequências (35 e 42 dias) e duas alturas do corte (15 cm e 30 cm do solo) sobre as características morfo-fisiológicas de recuperação, a produção e a composição bromatológica do capim-colonião (Panicum maximum Jacq.). Os resultados revelaram que plantas cortadas a intervalos de 42 dias apresentaram maior percentagem de perfilhos decapitados (53,70%), menor vigor de rebrota (918,89 kg de MS/ha/21 dias), porém maior produção de matéria seca (12.652,67 kg/ha). O vigor de rebrota mostrou melhor correlação com a percentagem de perfilhos decapitados (r = -0,60*), do que com os teores de carboidratos totais não estruturais da base do colmo (r = -0,04) e da parte subterrânea (r = -0,39). Com base nas produções de matéria seca e de proteína bruta, bem como, na composição bromatológica, o capim-colonião poderia ser cortado, no período de janeiro a abril, a intervalos de 42 dias, independentemente das alturas adotadas (15 cm ou 30 cm de solo).

Composição bromatológica das dejeções de galinhas poedeiras sem e com bagaço de cana-de-açúcar hidrolisado, armazenado sobre o piso abaixo das gaiolas

The present work was developed in order to obtain data on bromatologic composition of caged hen manure (CHM) without and with hydrolised sugarcane bagasse (HSB) stocked during 10, 20 and 30 days on the ground under the cage. CHM as well as HSB remained under the cage for 10, 20 and 30 days. CHM Stocking for 30 days on the ground under the cage resulted in lower values of nutrients. The presence of HSB avoided loss of nutrients during the stocking period of CHM and preserved CHM accumulated under the cage.

Efeito do tempo de estocagem sobre a composição bromatológica das fezes de galinhas poedeiras

In this trial the bromatologic composition of caged laying hen manure was studied according to a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The treatments T-1, T-2, T-3 and T-4 consisted of caged laying hen manure stocked for 0; 7; 14 and 21-day times, respectively. Stocking period until 21 days decreased crude protein (P<0.01) and gross energy (P<0.01). The best bromatologic composition of hen caged manure data were proportional to the lower stocking time.

Aditivos na ensilagem do capim-elefante. I. Composição bromatológica das forragens e das respectivas silagens

The effect of the addition of ground ear corn with husks, wheat bran and saccharin, on the rate of 0, 8, 16 and 24% (dry weight of additive/wet weight of cut green grass), upon the chemical composition of both fodder and silage of Pennisetum purpureum Schum. cv. Guaçu was evaluated. A split-plot randomized block design was used. The plots were the additives and their levels and the sub-plots the material types (forage + additives and their silages). The grass was fertilized with 20 t/ha of green manure and 80, 160 and 160 kg/ha of P2O5, N and K2O, respectively. The material (chopped grass mixed with the levels of the additives) was ensiled in experimental silos (200 L plastic vessels). The dry matter percentages increased linearly as additive levels increased, being greater the effect of ground ear corn with husks. Wheat bran addition and saccharin increased the crude protein and soluble carbohydrates percentages while the ground ear corn with husks addition decreased them. Losses of dry matter soluble compounds (CP, ash and NFE) and a relative rise in the less soluble compounds (CF and organic matter) were observed.

Disponibilidade, composição bromatológica e consumo de matéria seca em pastagem consorciada de Brachiaria decumbens com Stylosanthes guianensis

The objective of this work was to evaluate the herbage availability, nutritive value, dry matter intake and grass and legume percentage in diet of crossbred Holstein-Zebu cows, in pasture with Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, Stylosanthes guianensis var. vulgaris cv. Mineirão and tree legumes. To estimate the fecal output, it was used 10 g cow -1 day -1 of chromium oxide during ten consecutive days. Extrusa samples were used to determine the chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility. B. decumbens availability varied with climatic conditions, while S. guianensis availability decreased linearly along the experimental period. Dry matter intake was higher in May/2001 (1.9% body weight) and did not differ among other months (1.5% body weight). Low dry matter intake values were related to low in vitro dry matter digestibility coefficients (42.1 % to 48.0%) and high neutral detergent fiber content (70.2% to 79.4%). Dry matter intake was directly related to legume percentage in the pasture. This observation could indicate the potential of mixed pasture for improving nutritive value in dairy cattle diet.

Massa seca e composição bromatológica de quatro espécies de braquiárias semeadas na linha ou a lanço, em consórcio com milho no sistema plantio direto na palha

The objective of this research was to evaluate the dry mass yield and chemical composition of four Brachiaria species in different options for sowing, exclusively or in intercrop with corn crop, under a no-tillage system. The experiment was carried out during the growing seasons of 2006 at FEPE (FE/Unesp, Ilha Solteira Campus) located in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. The soil of the experimental area was classified as distroferric Red Latosol (Oxisol). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme (4 × 4), with five replications. The treatments consisted of four Brachiaria species (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria ruziziensis and Mulato II grass) grown in rows and spread on total area, exclusively or intercropped simultaneously with corn crop sowing. The study evaluated the dry mass yield and total digestible nutrients, crude protein, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin content of forage. The spread on total area intercrop of forages with corn crop proved to be viable by presenting similar dry mass yield to exclusive sowing arrangements, conversely to what happened with intercrop in row of corn crop, which decreased such yield. Brachiaria ruziziensis showed superior chemical composition and the intercrops increased energy and crude protein contents, and decreased cell wall components.

Produção, composição bromatológica e índice de clorofila de braquiárias após o consórcio com milho

We evaluated the effect of fertilization with 0, 50, 100 and 200 kg/ha of N, applied in each four growth intervals in the winter/spring season on dry matter yield in 30 days (DMY), leaf chlorophyll index (LCI) and total digestible nutrients (TDN), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin contents, and correlation equations of LCI with DMY and CP content in the marandu and ruziziensis grasses after intercrop arrangements with corn in Red Latosol (Oxisol) under irrigation. The major DMY occurred with photoperiod increasing, however, there were different responses to this attribute over of growth intervals, between and among the grasses with the N fertilization. In irrigated croplivestock integration under savannah soil is technicality viable the cultivation of marandu and ruziziensis grasses, established by intercrop with corn at sowing or at the N fertilization. As even, in the N fertilization absence, produced satisfactory amounts of forage, with 1733 kg/ha (DMY), at the time of greatest scarcity of roughage to animals (winter/spring season). However, after the corn harvest, the N fertilization increase the DMY and improves the chemical composition, increasing the LCI, and CP and TDN contents, and decreasing NDF and ADF contents in the winter/spring season.The best correlation equations in function of LCI were logatithmica for DMY and potential for CP of the marandu grass and potential for both attributes of the ruziziensis grass.

Desenvolvimento, produtividade e composição bromatológica da primeira soqueira da cana-de-açúcar em função de fontes de fósforo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the development, yield and chemical composition of the first ratoon sugar cane, depending on the residual effect of phosphorus sources. The study was conducted in the municipality of Alta Floresta - MT. The experimental design was randomized blocks in factorial scheme 4x2, with four replications. The phosphorus sources were used: bone meal, Arad phosphate and triple superphosphate, and a control without the application of the nutrient. The varieties of sugar cane were planted IAC86-2480 and SP79-1011. We evaluated the plant height, stalk diameter, mass of a plant, number of stems, dry matter yield, P content of the plant and the chemical composition of the forage. The residual effect of fertilization, using different sources of phosphorus, no significant alterations in the development, yield and chemical composition of the first ratoon sugar cane, with little reduction in NDF and ADF when using the bone meal. The variety IAC86-2480 showed better results, providing a higher content of crude protein and phosphorus in the plant and increased production of dry mass.

Determinação das condições de ataque químico seletivo para alteração de composição superficial de ligas de ouro

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Avaliação de fontes de fósforo no desenvolvimento, produtividade e composição bromatológica de cana-de-açúcar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Produtividade e composição bromatológica do capim-marandu a fontes e doses de nitrogênio

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Produtividade e composição bromatológica do capim-Tobiatã em função da adubação NPK

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)