Isolation of Leishmania sp. from aqueous humor of a patient with cutaneous disseminated leishmaniasis and bilateral iridocyclitis (preliminary report)

The Authors report an uncommon case of leishmaniasis with disseminated cutaneous lesions, systemic manifestations and ocular involvement, the latter being characterized by bilateral nongranulomatous iridocyclitis. The severity of the oph-thalmologic lesions and its unresponsiveness to therapy (in spite of satisfactory regression of both systemic and cutaneous manifestations) lead to a needle aspiration of the anterior eye chamber, content. From this material Leishmania sp was isolated. To our knowledge this is the first time that Leishmania has been shown into the ocular globe.

Comércio bilateral Portugal - Brasil

Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Empreendedorismo e Internacionalização Orientadora: Professora Doutora Celsa Maria de Carvalho Machado

Multi-agent Simulation of Bilateral Contracting in Competitive Electricity Markets

Traditional vertically integrated power utilities around the world have evolved from monopoly structures to open markets that promote competition among suppliers and provide consumers with a choice of services. Market forces drive the price of electricity and reduce the net cost through increased competition. Electricity can be traded in both organized markets or using forward bilateral contracts. This article focuses on bilateral contracts and describes some important features of an agent-based system for bilateral trading in competitive markets. Special attention is devoted to the negotiation process, demand response in bilateral contracting, and risk management. The article also presents a case study on forward bilateral contracting: a retailer agent and a customer agent negotiate a 24h-rate tariff.

Necrose Estriatal Bilateral Aguda Infantil

E descrito o caso cliníco de uma criança de nove anos com um quadro de tetraparésia e encefalopatia aguda após doença infecciosa. A ressonância magnética craneo-encefálica foi compatível com necrose bilateral e simétrica dos núcleos da base, o que associado a evolução clínica nos levou ao diagnóstico de necrose estriatal bilateral aguda infantil.

Unilateral Versus Bilateral Prostatic Arterial Embolization for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Prostate Enlargement

PURPOSE: This study was designed to compare baseline data and clinical outcome between patients with prostate enlargement/benign prostatic hyperplasia (PE/BPH) who underwent unilateral and bilateral prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) for the relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). METHODS: This single-center, ambispective cohort study compared 122 consecutive patients (mean age 66.7 years) with unilateral versus bilateral PAE from March 2009 to December 2011. Selective PAE was performed with 100- and 200-μm nonspherical polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles by a unilateral femoral approach. RESULTS: Bilateral PAE was performed in 103 (84.4 %) patients (group A). The remaining 19 (15.6 %) patients underwent unilateral PAE (group B). Mean follow-up time was 6.7 months in group A and 7.3 months in group B. Mean prostate volume, PSA, International prostate symptom score/quality of life (IPSS/QoL) and post-void residual volume (PVR) reduction, and peak flow rate (Qmax) improvement were 19.4 mL, 1.68 ng/mL, 11.8/2.0 points, 32.9 mL, and 3.9 mL/s in group A and 11.5 mL, 1.98 ng/mL, 8.9/1.4 points, 53.8 mL, and 4.58 mL/s in group B. Poor clinical outcome was observed in 24.3 % of patients from group A and 47.4 % from group B (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: PAE is a safe and effective technique that can induce 48 % improvement in the IPSS score and a prostate volume reduction of 19 %, with good clinical outcome in up to 75 % of treated patients. Bilateral PAE seems to lead to better clinical results; however, up to 50 % of patients after unilateral PAE may have a good clinical outcome.

DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY WITH TOPICAL ISOCONAZOLE AND TERBINAFINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF ONE PATIENT WITH BILATERAL Tinea nigra plantaris AND SUGGESTIONS FOR NEW DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

The authors report a case of bilateral Tinea nigra plantaris treated through a double-blind study with the topical antifungal agents Isoconazole and Terbinafine. The objective of the study was to clinically compare the efficacy of these two topical antifungal agents on days 10, 20 and 30 of the treatment. No significant clinical differences were found, as all the plantar lesions regressed completely by the end of the treatment. Our conclusion was that in the case reported, the topical antifungal agents Isoconazole and Terbinafine demonstrated identical efficacy as a clinical cure. We also suggest the inclusion of injuries caused by arthropods of the Diplopoda Class in the differential diagnosis of Tinea nigra plantaris, due to the persistent acral hyperpigmentation.

Fratura Proximal do Fémur Bilateral. Incidência e Fatores de Risco de Fratura Contralateral

Nos doentes com fratura osteoporótica da extremidade proximal do fémur, pouco é conhecido sobre a incidência e fatores de risco de fratura contralateral da extremidade proximal do fémur. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, através de um estudo retrospetivo determinar a incidência e os fatores de risco para fratura bilateral da extremidade proximal do fémur não contemporânea. Foram analisados os processos de 1911 doentes com fratura da extremidade proximal do fémur entre 2003 e 2009. Os dados recolhidos sobre as fraturas, tratamentos e comorbilidades foram trabalhados estatisticamente. Um total de 64 doentes (3,24%) teve fratura bilateral da extremidade proximal do fémur, com uma média de idades acima dos 80 anos. Determinou-se que existe uma relação direta entre o tipo da primeira e segunda fratura (intracapsular vs extraapsular), e que 70% das segundas fraturas ocorrem nos primeiros três anos após fratura. Das comorbilidades verificou-se que a doença de Parkinson, Hipertensão Arterial, doença Cardíaca, Anemia e alterações da Visão representam um risco acrescido para fratura contralateral da extremidade proximal do fémur. Propomos um follow-up mais rigoroso nos primeiros três anos após a primeira fratura e estabelecidas melhores formas de prevenção de fraturas e otimização das comorbilidades nos doentes com fatores de risco.

Non-Progressive Leukoencephalopathy with Bilateral Temporal Cysts

We report two cases of a peculiar leukoencephalopathy with temporal cysts. Both patients have a non-progressive neurological disorder with mental retardation, microcephaly and sensorineural deafness although clinical differences between them may reflect a different aetiology. The metabolic disorders with white matter involvement and the recently described leukoencephalopathies (Van Der Knaap disease, 'vanishing white matter disease') were excluded based on clinical, biologic and imaging findings. Cytomegalovirus infection is a likely possibility in the first case although the magnetic resonance imaging picture is only partially similar to previously reported cases. Our patients are strikingly similar to the patients reported by Deonna et al. and Olivier et al. We discuss the clinical and imaging findings in our patients and the differential diagnosis considering the known disorders of the white matter in childhood.

Bilateral adrenal histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent man

Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease that is endemic in Brazil. It may present as chronic pulmonary infection or in disseminated form. Disseminated histoplasmosis frequently affects the adrenal gland; however, unilateral involvement in immunosuppressed patients is the usual presentation. We report a case of an elderly immunocompetent male with history of weight loss, fever and bilateral adrenal mass who was successfully treated with itraconazole.

Análise de estratégias para participação ativa de consumidores na contratação bilateral de eletricidade em mercados liberalizados

Pode-se constatar que a energia elétrica, desde o início do século XX, assumiu um papel fundamental na nossa sociedade, tornando-se nos dias de hoje uma necessidade de primeira ordem. Infelizmente, cerca de 1,2 mil milhões de pessoas ainda vivem sem eletricidade e a quota das energias renováveis no consumo global apenas aumentou ligeiramente em 20 anos, como revela um relatório coliderado pelo Banco Mundial e pela Agência Internacional da Energia. Nos últimos anos, com o objetivo de alcançar um modelo de Mercado de Energia Elétrica (MEE) que seja livre, competitivo, o setor elétrico de diversos países sofreu inúmeras alterações. Em particular, ocorreu a reestruturação da organização de várias empresas monopolistas, sendo que estas, sendo verticalmente integradas não tinham qualquer concorrência, gerindo desde a produção até à venda da eletricidade, produzindo, transportando e distribuindo a energia elétrica. O modelo de mercado tem também como objetivo permitir melhores condições para os consumidores finais de energia, mais precisamente preços mais baixos. Atualmente, a estrutura do mercado retalhista apoia-se na coexistência de duas formas de contratação de fornecimento de energia elétrica (ERSE, 2009):  contratação em mercado regulado, a partir de contratos bilaterais, ou no mercado organizado, através de aplicação de tarifas integrais reguladas;  contratação em mercado liberalizado, em que as condições de negociação de energia, que serão definidas entre as partes e a componente de acesso às redes, são aplicadas através de preços regulados. Os principais objetivos desta dissertação são os seguintes: (i) estudar a contratação bilateral de energia em mercados liberalizados, com principal ênfase para o desenvolvimento de estratégias que possibilitem uma participação ativa dos consumidores, (ii) testar novas estratégias de negociação através do desenvolvimento de um caso de estudo sobre a participação efetiva de consumidores na contratação bilateral, baseado em dados dos mercados sobre preços e volumes de energia, e (iii) adotar um modelo de negociação bilateral, previamente desenvolvido, e estendê-lo por forma a representar as preferências dos negociadores, nomeadamente com o modelo multiplicativo. Em termos sucintos, os resultados obtidos com as estratégias de negociação permitem concluir que os intervenientes no mercado apresentam um comportamento esperado na gestão de preços e volumes de energia. Pode-se também afirmar que as estratégias constituem um auxiliar efetivo na tomada de decisão inerente à negociação bilateral em mercados de energia.

Macro determinants of nonperforming loans in Portugal

This study uses a VAR methodology to evaluate the impact of the macroeconomic conditions and money supply in the fluctuation of nonperforming loans for the Portuguese economy. Additionally, the feedback effect of nonperforming loans growth to the economy and specially to the credit supply is analised. The study is motived by the hypothesis that loan quality is procyclical and that the fast growth of credit supply has a positive relation with the growth of nonperforming loans. The hypothesis that nonperforming loans reinforce economic fragilities and credit market frictions is also tested. Empirical results corroborate both hypothesis presented. Hence, it was possible to establish that the macroeconomic conditions measured by GDP and unemployment and the fast growth of credit supply contribute to the development of nonperforming loans. Furthermore, the growth of nonperforming loans reinforces the economic cycle, as it contributes to the deterioration of macroeconomic conditions and creates frictions in the credit market that may results in a credit crunch.

Bilateral paracoccidioidomycotic iliopsoas abscess associated with ileo-colonic lesion

This case report shows the clinical development of a patient with systemic paracoccidioidomycosis presenting with lymphatic-intestinalmanifestation. The patient initially had a substantial clinical improvement but had a recrudescence after six months of sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim oral treatment, with the emergence of feverish syndrome, lumbar pain, and intermittent claudication, characterizing a bilateral iliopsoas muscle abscess, necessitating clinicosurgical therapeutics.

Bilateral posterior circulation stroke secondary to a crotalid envenomation: case report

Snake bite envenoming is a disease with potential serious neurological complications. We report a case of an adolescent who was bitten by a rattlesnake and developed bilateral posterior circulation stroke. The rattlesnake was later identified as being Crotalus durissus terrificus. Stroke was probably due to toxic vasculitis or toxin-induced vascular spasm and endothelial damage.

Bilateral giant renal angiomyolipoma associated with hepatic lipoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of bilateral giant renal angiomyolipoma associated with tuberous sclerosis, with successful treatment, and to review the literature concerning angiomyolipoma treatment. CASE REPORT: Patient with tuberous sclerosis and angiomyolipoma diagnosed by ultrasonography during her pregnancy. At that time, the angiomyolipoma on the right side was 9 cm in diameter. Conservative management was selected during her pregnancy. The patient returned 7 years later, with a 24.7 x 19.2 x 10.7 cm tumor on the right side and another of 13 x 11.5 x 6.5 cm on the left side, in addition to multiple small angiomyolipomas. A nephron-sparing surgery with tumoral enucleation was performed on the right side, and after 3 months, the tumor on the left side was removed. Renal function in the post-operative period was preserved, and contrast medium progression was uniform and adequate in both kidneys. CONCLUSION: We conclude that an angiomyolipoma larger than 4 cm should be removed surgically, since they have a greater growth rate and pose a risk of hemorrhage. Resection of smaller tumors is safe and has decreased morbidity. Tumoral enucleation is an effective treatment method that preserves kidney function.