Gera����o de regras de extra����o de dados em p��ginas HTML

Existem v��rios trabalhos na ��rea de extra����o de dados semi-estruturados, usando diferentes t��cnicas. As solu����es de extra����o disponibilizadas pelos trabalhos existentes s��o direcionadas para atenderem a dados de certos dom��nios, considerando-se dom��nio o conjunto de elementos pertencentes �� mesma ��rea de interesse. Dada a complexidade e a grande quantidade dos dados semi-estruturados, principalmente dos dispon��veis na World Wide Web (WWW), �� que existem ainda muitos dom��nios a serem explorados. A maior parte das informa����es dispon��veis em sites da Web est�� em p��ginas HTML. Muitas dessas p��ginas cont��m dados de certos dom��nios (por exemplo, rem��dios). Em alguns casos, sites de organiza����es diferentes apresentam dados referentes a um mesmo dom��nio (por exemplo, farm��cias diferentes oferecem rem��dios). O conhecimento de um determinado dom��nio, expresso em um modelo conceitual, serve para definir a estrutura de um documento. Nesta pesquisa, s��o consideradas exclusivamente tabelas de p��ginas HTML. A raz��o de se trabalhar somente com tabelas est�� baseada no fato de que parte dos dados de p��ginas HTML encontra-se nelas, e, como conseq����ncia, elimina-se o processamento dos outros dados, concentrando-se os esfor��os para que sejam processadas automaticamente. A pesquisa aborda o tratamento exclusivo de tabelas de p��ginas HTML na gera����o das regras de extra����o, na utiliza����o das regras e do modelo conceitual para o reconhecimento de dados em p��ginas semelhantes. Para essa t��cnica, foi implementado o prot��tipo de uma ferramenta visual denominado Gerador de Regras de Extra����o e Modelo Conceitual (GREMO). GREMO foi desenvolvido em linguagem de programa����o visual Delphi 6.0. O processo de extra����o ocorre em quatro etapas: identifica����o e an��lise das tabelas de informa����es ��teis em p��ginas HTML; identifica����o de conceitos para os elementos dos modelos conceituais; gera����o dos modelos conceituais correspondentes �� p��gina, ou utiliza����o de modelo conceitual existente no reposit��rio que satisfa��a a p��gina em quest��o; constru����o das regras de extra����o, extra����o dos dados da p��gina, gera����o de arquivo XML correspondente aos dados extra��dos e, finalmente, realimenta����o do reposit��rio. A pesquisa apresenta as t��cnicas para gera����o e extra����o de dados semi-estruturados, as representa����es de dom��nio exclusivo de tabelas de p��ginas HTML por meio de modelo conceitual, as formas de gera����o e uso das regras de extra����o e de modelo conceitual.

Equa����o de burgers propriedades e comportamento assint��tico

No presente trabalho, obtemos e analisamos diversas propriedades das solu����es u(��, t) da equa����o de difus��o linear (equa����o do calor em meios unidimensionais homog��neos) ut = ��uxx x 2 R, t > 0 correspondentes a estados iniciais u(x, 0) = u0(x), com u0 2 Lp(R), para algum 1 p < 1; bem como da equa����o de Burgers ut + cuux = ��uxx x 2 R, t > 0 onde c, �� s��o constantes dadas, sendo c 6= 0 e �� > 0 e ainda assumindo u(x, 0) = u0(x) com u0 2 Lp(R) para 1 p < 1, e limitado. Estudamos tamb��m a equa����o mais geral da forma ut + f(u)x = ��uxx x 2 R, t > 0 discutindo v��rias propriedades importantes das solu����es, associadas a estados iniciais u0 2 Lp(R) \ L1(R) para algum 1 p < 1. Em particular, examinamos o comportamento de ku(��, t)kLr(R), p r 1, para t >> 1, e diversas propriedades relacionadas.

T��cnicas de an��lisis regional

Incluye Bibliograf��a

Desenvolvimento de um sistema informatizado para coleta, armazenamento e processamento dos dados referentes �� cesta b��sica do Munic��pio de Botucatu -SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Desenvolvimento de um programa computacional destinado �� unidade m��vel de ensaio na barra de tra����o (umeb) para a avalia����o do desempenho de tratores

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

������������������ �� ���������������������� ���� ���������� ������������������

������������ ���� ������������, ���������������� �� ���������������� ���� ������������������������ ���������������������� "�������������������������� �� ������������������������������ ����������������", ��������������, ������, 2009.

[C II] and 12^CO(1-0) emission maps in HLSJ091828.6+514223: a strongly lensed interacting system AT z = 5.24

We present Submillimeter Array [C II] 158 ��m and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array 12^CO(1-0) line emission maps for the bright, lensed, submillimeter source at z = 5.2430 behind A 773: HLSJ091828.6+514223 (HLS0918). We combine these measurements with previously reported line profiles, including multiple 12^CO rotational transitions, [C I], water, and [N II], providing some of the best constraints on the properties of the interstellar medium in a galaxy at z > 5. HLS0918 has a total far-infrared (FIR) luminosity L_FIR(8���1000 ��m) = (1.6 �� 0.1) �� 10^14 L_��� ��^���1, where the total magnification ��_total = 8.9 �� 1.9, via a new lens model from the [C II] and continuum maps. Despite a HyLIRG luminosity, the FIR continuum shape resembles that of a local LIRG. We simultaneously fit all of the observed spectral line profiles, finding four components that correspond cleanly to discrete spatial structures identified in the maps. The two most redshifted spectral components occupy the nucleus of a massive galaxy, with a source-plane separation <1 kpc. The reddest dominates the continuum map (demagnified L_FIR, component = (1.1 �� 0.2) �� 10^13 L_���) and excites strong water emission in both nuclear components via a powerful FIR radiation field from the intense star formation. A third star-forming component is most likely a region of a merging companion (��V ~ 500 km s^���1) exhibiting generally similar gas properties. The bluest component originates from a spatially distinct region and photodissociation region analysis suggests that it is lower density, cooler, and forming stars less vigorously than the other components. Strikingly, it has very strong [N II] emission, which may suggest an ionized, molecular outflow. This comprehensive view of gas properties and morphology in HLS0918 previews the science possible for a large sample of high-redshift galaxies once ALMA attains full sensitivity.

Diagnostic value of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein on early onset bacterial infection in preterm neonates with respiratory distress

Aims: To evaluate the C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as diagnostic tools for early onset infection in preterm infants with early respiratory distress (RD). Methods: CRP and IL-6 were quantified at identification of RD and 24 h after in 186 newborns. Effects of maternal hypertension, mode of delivery, Apgar score, birth weight, gestational age, mechanical ventilation, being small for gestational age (SGA), and the presence of infection were analyzed. Results: Forty-four infants were classified as infected, 42 as possibly infected, and 100 as uninfected. Serum levels of IL-6 (0 h), CRP (0 h), and CRP (24 h), but not IL-6 (24 h) were significantly higher in infected infants compared to the remaining groups. The best test for identification of infection was the combination of IL-6 (0 h) 36 pg/dL and/or CRP (24 h) 0.6 mg/dL, which yielded 93% sensitivity and 37% specificity. The presence of infection and vaginal delivery independently increased IL-6 (0 h), CRP (0 h) and CRP (24 h) levels. Being SGA also increased the CRP (24 h) levels. IL-6 (24 h) was independently increased by mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: The combination of IL-6 (0 h) and/or CRP (24 h) is helpful for excluding early onset infection in preterm infants with RD but the poor specificity limits its potential benefit as a diagnostic tool.

Insufici��ncia de converg��ncia e aten����o visual: estudo explorat��rio em estudantes do ensino superior

RESUMO: Introdu����o ��� A insufici��ncia de converg��ncia (IC) pode desencadear altera����es da aten����o visual. Pretende-se investigar se existem altera����es na aten����o visual em estudantes do ensino superior com IC. Metodologia ��� Estudo quantitativo, comparativo e correlacional. Participaram 44 estudantes com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 24 anos. Formaram-se dois grupos, um com Vis��o Binocular Normal (VBN) e outro com IC. O grupo com IC incluiu os indiv��duos que apresentaram altera����es no ponto pr��ximo de converg��ncia (PPC) e/ou na converg��ncia para perto (C���). Para avaliar a aten����o visual utilizou-se o teste de cancelamento de sinos. Resultados ��� O grupo com VBN foi composto por 32 indiv��duos (23 do g��nero feminino) e o grupo com IC por 12 indiv��duos (11 do g��nero feminino). No teste de aten����o visual verificou-se que o n��mero m��dio de sinos identificados foi de 34,6 para o grupo com VBN e de 34,3 no grupo com IC. O tempo m��dio de realiza����o do teste foi de 167,9s e de 198,3s para os grupos de VBN e IC, respetivamente. Observou-se uma correla����o moderada positiva entre o PPC e o tempo m��dio de realiza����o do teste (r���0,63) e uma correla����o fraca positiva entre o n��mero m��dio de sinos identificados e a C��� (r���0,16). Por outro lado, a correla����o entre o PPC e o n��mero m��dio de sinos identificados (r���-0,48) foi fraca negativa e entre a C��� e o tempo m��dio (r���-0,05) foi ��nfima negativa. Discuss��o/Conclus��es ��� O grupo com VBN apresenta um n��mero m��dio de sinos identificados superior ao grupo com IC. Verifica-se ainda que o grupo com IC demorou mais tempo na realiza����o do teste, comparativamente com o grupo com VBN. Estes resultados apontam para uma poss��vel rela����o entre a IC e a diminui����o da aten����o visual.

Corneal wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin-C for hyperopia after radial keratotomy: Two-year follow-up

PURPOSE: To assess corneal wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) to correct hyperopia after radial keratotomy (RK). SETTING: Sadalla Amin Ghanem Eye Hospital, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil. DESIGN: Case series. METHODS: Excimer laser corneal wavefront-guided PRK with intraoperative mitomycin-C (MMC) 0.02% was performed. Main outcome measures were uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, spherical equivalent (SE), corneal aberrations, and haze. RESULTS: The mean time between RK and PRK in the 61 eyes (39 patients) was 18.8 years +/- 3.8 (SD). Before PRK, the mean SE was +4.17 +/- 1.97 diopters (D); the mean astigmatism, -1.39 +/- 1.04 D; and the mean CDVA, 0.161 +/- 0.137 logMAR. At 24 months, the mean values were 0.14 +/- 0.99 D (P&lt;.001), -1.19 +/- 1.02 D (P=.627), and 0.072 +/- 0.094 logMAR (P&lt;.001), respectively; the mean UDVA was 0.265 +/- 0.196 (P&lt;.001). The UDVA was 20/25 or better in 37.7% of eyes and 20/40 or better in 68.9%. The CDVA improved by 1 or more lines in 62.3% of eyes. Two eyes (3.3%) lost 2 or more lines, 1 due to corneal ectasia. Thirty eyes (49.2%) were within +/- 0.50 D of intended SE and 45 (73.8%) were within +/- 1.00 D. From 6 to 24 months, the mean SE regression was +0.39 D (P&lt;.05). A significant decrease in coma, trefoil, and spherical aberration occurred. Three eyes developed peripheral haze more than grade 1. CONCLUSION: Corneal wavefront-guided PRK with MMC for hyperopia after RK significantly improved UDVA, CDVA, and higher-order corneal aberrations with a low incidence of visually significant corneal haze.

Regional climate model simulations for Europe at 6 and 0.2 k BP: sensitivity to changes in anthropogenic deforestation

This study aims to evaluate the direct effects of anthropogenic deforestation on simulated climate at two contrasting periods in the Holocene, ~6 and ~0.2 k BP in Europe. We apply We apply the Rossby Centre regional climate model RCA3, a regional climate model with 50 km spatial resolution, for both time periods, considering three alternative descriptions of the past vegetation: (i) potential natural vegetation (V) simulated by the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS, (ii) potential vegetation with anthropogenic land use (deforestation) from the HYDE3.1 (History Database of the Global Environment) scenario (V + H3.1), and (iii) potential vegetation with anthropogenic land use from the KK10 scenario (V + KK10). The climate model results show that the simulated effects of deforestation depend on both local/regional climate and vegetation characteristics. At ~6 k BP the extent of simulated deforestation in Europe is generally small, but there are areas where deforestation is large enough to produce significant differences in summer temperatures of 0.5���1 ��C. At ~0.2 k BP, extensive deforestation, particularly according to the KK10 model, leads to significant temperature differences in large parts of Europe in both winter and summer. In winter, deforestation leads to lower temperatures because of the differences in albedo between forested and unforested areas, particularly in the snow-covered regions. In summer, deforestation leads to higher temperatures in central and eastern Europe because evapotranspiration from unforested areas is lower than from forests. Summer evaporation is already limited in the southernmost parts of Europe under potential vegetation conditions and, therefore, cannot become much lower. Accordingly, the albedo effect dominates in southern Europe also in summer, which implies that deforestation causes a decrease in temperatures. Differences in summer temperature due to deforestation range from ���1 ��C in south-western Europe to +1 ��C in eastern Europe. The choice of anthropogenic land-cover scenario has a significant influence on the simulated climate, but uncertainties in palaeoclimate proxy data for the two time periods do not allow for a definitive discrimination among climate model results.

Impacto da prote��na-C reativa no risco cardiovascular de adolescentes

FUNDAMENTO: V��rios estudos sugerem que a prote��na-C reativa (PCR) se correlaciona com doen��a arterial coronariana em adultos. Entretanto, essa associa����o ainda �� pouco explorada em adolescentes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associa����o entre a PCR e os fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes obesos. M��TODOS: Oitenta e quatro adolescentes (12,6 �� 1,3 anos), ambos os sexos, foram distribu��dos nos grupos Eutr��fico (n = 28), Sobrepeso (n = 28) e Obeso (n = 28), segundo o ��ndice de massa corp��rea (IMC). A concentra����o de PCR (ELISA ultrassens��vel), o perfil lip��dico e o conte��do de anticorpos anti-LDLox (ELISA) foram determinados ap��s jejum de 12h. RESULTADOS: Os grupos foram semelhantes quanto a idade (p = 0,13) e sexo (p = 0,83). Colesterol total, HDL-C, CT/HDL-C e LDL-C/HDL-C apresentaram diferen��as significativas entre os grupos Eutr��fico e Obeso. N��o houve varia����o significativa no conte��do de anticorpos anti-LDLox. Os valores de PCR foram diferentes entre os tr��s grupos (p < 0,01). PCR apresentou associa����o significativa com IMC (&#946; = 2,533), CB (&#946; = 2,645) e CC (&#946; = 2,945), CT (&#946; = 0,006), LDL-C (&#946; = 0,006) e anticorpos anti-LDLox (&#946; = 0,383) e negativa entre HDL-C (&#946; = -0,017). CONCLUS��O: Os resultados indicam que a PCR se associa significativamente com marcadores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes.

Estudo histomorfom��trico do ba��o de ratos Wistar sadios e diab��ticos suplementados ou n��o pela vitamina C

O objetivo deste trabalho foi de analisar morfometricamente fragmentos histol��gicos do ba��o de animais normais e diab��ticos, comparando os resultados encontrados e relacionando-os ao sexo e a suplementa����o da vitamina C. Foram utilizados 32 ratos Wistar, os quais foram analisados n��mero de vasos, o n��mero de fol��culos germinativos (polpa branca) e o di��metro dos vasos de cada animal. As an��lises histol��gicas e morfometricas foram feitas em amostras de 5��m de espessura demonstrando que: na quantidade de fol��culos germinativos, observamos resultados comparando, independente do sexo, animais controles suplementados com vitamina C e controles n��o suplementados (p���0,05; F=0,1452); na quantidade de vasos, observamos resultados comparando, f��meas diab��ticas suplementadas pela vitamina C e f��meas diab��ticas n��o suplementadas (pd"0,05; F=6.8893); e no di��metro dos vasos, observamos resultados comparando f��meas, tanto no grupo controle quanto ao grupo diab��tico, suplementadas pela vitamina C quando comparadas ��s f��meas n��o suplementadas pela vitamina C (p<0,05; U=121.50; Z(U)=2.1234) e (p<0,05; F=4.8134). De um modo geral, a indu����o de diabetess modifica o di��metro vascular nas f��meas e que a administra����o de vitamina C interfere nos dados m��tricos relativos ao di��metro vascular somente nas f��meas.

Relationships of blood lead to calcium, iron, and vitamin C intakes in Brazilian pregnant women

Background & aims. This study aimed to determine the relationship between blood lead concentrations and calcium, iron and vitamin C dietary intakes of pregnant women. Methods. Included in the study were 55 women admitted to a hospital, for delivery, from June to August 2002. A food frequency questionnaire was applied to determine calcium, iron and vitamin C intakes, and a general questionnaire to obtain data on demographic-socioeconomic condition, obstetric history, smoking habit, and alcohol intake. Blood lead and haemoglobin were determined, respectively, by atomic absorption spectrometry and by the haemoglobinometer HemoCue��. Multiple linear regression models were used to determine the relationship between blood lead and calcium, iron and vitamin C intakes, and haemoglobin levels, controlling for confounders. Results. The final model of the regression analysis detected an inverse relationship between blood lead and age of the women (p=0.011), haemoglobin (p=0.001), vitamin C (p=0.012), and calcium intake (p<0.001) (R2=0.952). One hundred percent, 98.2% and 43.6% of the women were below the adequate intake (AI) for calcium, and below the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for iron, and vitamin C, respectively. Conclusion. Despite the small sample size, the results of this study suggest that maternal age, haemoglobin, vitamin C intake, and calcium intake may interfere with blood concentrations of lead

f t value of the 0(+)-> 0(+) beta(+) decay of (32)Ar: A measurement of isospin symmetry breaking in a superallowed decay

We determined the absolute branch of the T=2 superallowed decay of (32)Ar by detecting the beta(+)-delayed protons and gamma decays of the daughter state. We obtain b(SA)(beta)=(22.71 +/- 0.16)%, which represents the first determination of a proton branch to better than 1%. Using this branch along with the previously determined (32)Ar half-life and energy release, we determined ft=(1552 +/- 12) s for the superallowed decay. This ft value, together with the corrected Ft value extracted from previously known T=1 superallowed decays, yields a measurement of the isospin symmetry breaking correction in (32)Ar decay delta(exp)(C)=(2.1 +/- 0.8)%. This can be compared to a theoretical calculation delta(C)=(2.0 +/- 0.4)%. As by-products of this work, we determined the gamma and proton branches for the decay of the lowest T=2 state of (32)Cl, made a precise determination of the total proton branch and relative intensities of proton groups that leave (31)S in its first excited state and deduced an improved value for the (32)Cl mass.