970 resultados para URBAN PUBLIC CONCESSIONS


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Este trabajo de grado se realizó con el propósito de presentar una caracterización de los patrones de uso y apropiación del espacio público urbano, específicamente del parque metropolitano el Tunal en el periodo comprendido entre 2008 y 2011. El documento recopila la perspectiva de diferentes actores involucrados con el parque sobre el funcionamiento del mismo y tuvo como enfoque principal identificar los alcances y las limitaciones del parque como escenario educador y recreativo para los usuarios y su entorno inmediato. Como aportes adicionales el documento se acompaña de la georreferenciación de los procesos urbanos identificados sobre el territorio y algunas recomendaciones aplicables al proceso de gestión del espacio público recreativo para superar las limitaciones y potenciar los alcances en la proyección del espacio público como escenario para la construcción de valores ciudadanos.

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La siguiente reflexión sobre el disfrute del derecho a la ciudad de las mujeres y de todos sus derechos humanos en los contextos urbanos se realiza a partir de las dimensiones propuestas por el enfoque de seguridad humana, en las cuales se establecen los mínimos que requieren las mujeres para gozar de una vida urbana renovada y superar las limitaciones existentes en la ciudad como espacio no neutral, que produce y reproduce inequidades entre hombres y mujeres, donde se feminiza la pobreza y se exterioriza la violencia basada en género. En este sentido, este artículo de reflexión, en el cual se presentan los resultados de la investigación “El derecho a la ciudad de las mujeres: una mirada a su goce y reconocimiento en la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias”, retoma algunas ideas propuestas por el movimiento feminista y plasmadas en las Cartas del Derecho a la Ciudad, las cuales son leídas desde la definición hecha sobre derecho a la ciudad de las mujeres y las dimensiones de la seguridad humana, resaltando en ambas su carácter integrador, indivisible y necesario, para dejar a un lado las estructuras androcéntricas y patriarcales sobre la seguridad, la democracia y la ciudadanía.

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Cross-cultural studies on eating behaviors and related constructs can identify cultural and social factors that contribute to eating disorder symptomatology. Eating disorders (EDs) are a major cause for concern in the U.S., and recent studies in Colombia have shown growing rates among their female population. In addition, cosmetic surgery procedures have been increasing rapidly in both the U.S. and Colombia, and preliminary research suggests a positive relation between disordered eating and endorsement of plastic surgery. In samples of college women from Colombia and the U.S., we investigated patterns of association between disordered eating variables and cosmetic surgery acceptance. Our approach utilized separate analyses for various subcomponents of disordered eating (to determine their unique associations with cosmetic surgery acceptance) while adjusting for potentially relevant covariates and examining cross-cultural patterns. Participants were students at an urban, public college in the U.S. (n=163) and an urban, private college in Colombia (n=179). Overall, our findings suggested that participants from Colombia with greater disordered eating were more likely to endorse cosmetic surgery for social reasons, while those from the U.S. were more likely to consider undergoing cosmetic surgery for personal reasons. Differing findings between the two samples may be due to cultural and social factors, which we delineate. These findings also have potential implications for presurgical counseling of cosmetic surgery candidates.

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El interés de este estudio de caso es comprender y explicar la apropiación del espacio público urbano no sólo como un vínculo cotidiano entre el territorio y sus ciudadanos, sino, además, como un proceso dialéctico que, genera significado, identidad y apego al lugar. En este sentido se analizan las formas de apropiación nocturnas del Parque de los Hippies a partir de una muestra poblacional de jóvenes entre 18-28 años, a la luz de los parámetros de Enric Pol y Tomeu Vidal. Evidenciando que desde un acercamiento cotidiano a la realidad urbana, que reconozca la significación histórica, social, cultural y económica de los territorios, así como las dinámicas de convivencia y conflictos que se presentan en dichos espacios, se puede, desde el enfoque de gestión y desarrollo urbanos, generar recomendaciones para movilizar acciones que resalten y preserven los valores urbanos multidimensionales del lugar; fortalezcan algunas de sus formas de apropiación y, promuevan la convivencia entre las distintas formas y sus actores.

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En el presente estudio de caso se hace un análisis de los principales efectos socio-espaciales y económicos que tuvieron intervenciones públicas dirigidas a recuperar el centro de Bogotá, en el territorio específico del Barrio Las Cruces, durante los años 2002-2014. Para lograrlo, en un primer momento se hace un análisis conceptual de las relaciones existentes entre intervenciones urbanas y los efectos que estas producen en lo urbano y lo local; en un segundo se identifican los antecedentes que sirvieron para intervenir el barrio, y las intervenciones públicas que llevadas a cabo en éste durante el 2002 – 2014; y en un el tercero se analizan los efectos y las relaciones que tuvieron dichas intervenciones sobre las variables social, espacial y económica del barrio durante el periodo estudiado. Con el fin de verificar si la política de rehabilitación con la que se viene interviniendo dicha zona es coherente con las realidades locales.

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Admission rates for ischaemic heart disease (IHD), and the use of invasive cardiovascular procedures, separation mode and length of stay (LOS) were compared between Australians from non-English speaking background (NESB; n=8627) and English speaking background (ESB; n=13162) aged 20 years and over admitted to Victorian urban public hospitals. The study covered the period from 1993 to 1998. It was found that, compared with their ESB counterparts, the incidence of admission for acute myocardial infarction was significantly higher for NESB men and women before and after controlling for confounding factors. The age-adjusted ratios for NESB women compared with their ESB counterparts ranged from 1.23 to 1.89 for cardiac catheterisation, from 0.23 to 0.27 for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), and from 1.04 to 1.80 for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Procedure rates were comparable in men for cardiac catheterisation and CABG but higher for PTA rates in NESB men (OR: 1.29, 95%CI: 1.11-1.50) than their ESB counterparts. Both NESB men (β=0.04, 95%CI: 0.01-0.07) and women (β=0.03, 95%CI: 0.02-0.08) experienced significantly longer hospital stays than their ESB counterparts. These findings indicate there may be systematic differences in patients’ treatment and service utilisation in Victorian public hospitals. The extent to which physicians’ bias and
patients’ choice could explain these differences requires further investigation.

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If urban planning is to support the equitable distribution of public goods and services, it must recognize and address the dismal condition of millions of poor people who are living in a city. The primary focus of contemporary planners and planning students should be on finding and advocating solutions that help eliminate the problems of today¿s cities. Any meaningful solution will need to be grounded in a thorough understanding of the social class inequities of citizens. With the rapid development of national economy and urbanization process in Brazil over the last two decades, the number of vehicles and their travels are dramatically increased. This is particularly evident in all large cities. Traffic congestion becomes more and more severe. Inadequate parking facilities often result in difficulty to find a parking space in large cities and many illegally parked vehicles can be seen on the crowed streets. These illegally parked vehicles further intensify traffic congestion and also pose a traffic safety hazard. The process of urbanization and motorization in Brazil is likely to continue in a rapid pace. The urban public passengers transport modes problems in large cities are likely to get even worse. There is an urgent need for the development of policy and criteria for public service of urban public passenger transport by bus in large cities. The purpose of survey is to develop policy guidelines for public transport services planning, design, construction and mobility management, that meet community needs for accessibility in large cities. So this thesis will present major comparative characteristics of urban mobility management, urban public passengers transport by bus services planning and the quality of social life in two towns of Brazil: Rio de Janeiro and Curitiba. The study case has been focused on Rio de Janeiro and Curitiba because of the major different results of the survey presented by the two cities. The objectives of this thesis are: a) to analyze and discus existing urban mobility related accessibility and economic development problems in large cities; b) to provide an overview of the relationship within city ¿ quality of social life ¿ urban mobility in Rio and Curitiba; c) to analyze and discuss existing urban mobility management related public transport services in Rio and Curitiba; d) to analyze and discuss existing quality of bus public transport services problems in Rio. Some preliminary recommendations for mobility management policies will also be presented.

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Parafraseando Robert Ezra Park, os jornaleiros têm uma história; mas os jornaleiros têm, ainda, uma história natural. A evolução do modelo de distribuição e comercialização de publicações impressas, que culmina nas modernas bancas de jornais, aponta para o tratamento de licenças e concessões para a operacionalização de uma atividade comercial em espaço público urbano. As bancas se constituem, portanto, em um espaço regulado pelo poder público e operacionalizado por iniciativa privada, a título precário. Por que se chegou a este modelo e quais as suas implicações é uma das principais questões abordadas por este trabalho. Entre outros pontos, esta tese tem como objetivo compreender (1) em que medida políticos e homens públicos são capazes de atuar na regulação da liberdade de imprensa através do controle e fiscalização sobre as bancas de jornais; (2) como se dão as articulações dos profissionais vendedores e distribuidores de jornais e revistas diante destas regulações, quais são suas reivindicações comuns e como é construída sua memória em torno destas ações; (3) em que circunstâncias se desenvolvem as negociações entre jornaleiros e homens de imprensa e como estas relações são capazes de ampliar a penetração de determinados impressos junto ao público, atuando de maneira decisiva na conformação da opinião pública; e, finalmente, (4) qual a importância dos jornaleiros e das bancas de jornais e revistas no processo histórico de construção política da opinião sobre a notícia e na apreensão social da informação nas grandes cidades. Nesse sentido, embora evidenciado pelo modelo atual de distribuição adotado pelas principais cidades do país, o papel dos jornaleiros como agentes de fundamental relevância cultural e política na cadeia produtiva dos periódicos impressos tem sido subjugado ante a análises que se concentram nas técnicas ou no discurso jornalístico, quando muito nas cercanias dos estudos de recepção e na apropriação da cultura popular – jamais na investigação sobre esta instituição que silenciosamente tem ocupado nosso imaginário por todos esses anos: as bancas de jornais e revistas.

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O trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a importância da fiscalização do serviço público como instrumento de gestão e política pública. Para tanto, propõe-se estudar o Sistema de Transporte Coletivo Urbano da Cidade de São Paulo, a partir do modelo instituído através da Lei nº 13.241/01, assim como toda a estrutura jurídica e elementos característicos presentes nessa forma de delegação. Sem a preocupação de esgotar o tema, com base na doutrina, o trabalho pretende abordar os principais conceitos que envolvem a prestação de serviços públicos, o dever legal de fiscalização e a estrutura legal da prestação dos serviços de transporte coletivo. E, a partir disso, verificar se o sistema de transporte municipal possui instrumentos jurídicos adequados á fiscalização dos serviços delegados. Além disso, busca-se avaliar se isso é suficiente para a prestação de um “serviço adequado”, ou seja, se os instrumentos de fiscalização utilizados, por si só, são efetivamente capazes de garantir as condições de regularidade, continuidade, eficiência, segurança, atualidade, generalidade, cortesia na prestação e modicidade das tarifas, conforme preceitua a lei. Em síntese, entende-se que o ordenamento jurídico dispõe de diversos mecanismos que permitem a fiscalização dos serviços públicos. Ademais, que encontra-se juridicamente adequado o modelo de fiscalização adotado pelo Município de São Paulo, para o sistema de transporte público. Todavia, apesar de ser correto, o modelo ainda necessita de melhorias, tanto no que diz respeito às obrigações estabelecidas nos contratos de concessão e permissão em vigor (e respectivos regulamentos, como é o caso do RESAM – Regulamento de Sanções e Multas), quanto na sua operação e, principalmente, na sua fiscalização. Por fim, o trabalho aponta que, tanto a regulação, quanto a fiscalização ou até mesmo a gestão, quando realizadas de forma inadequada, fomentam a prestação de um serviço público com má qualidade, ou seja, inferior à esperada pela população.

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A mobilidade urbana é uma das políticas públicas que mais afetam a qualidade de vida das pessoas. As manifestações populares de junho de 2013 reivindicaram contra o aumento da tarifa de ônibus na cidade e a favor da melhoria da qualidade do serviço prestado. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as oportunidades de reformulação da atual política de mobilidade urbana do Município de São Paulo, focando na revisão dos contratos de delegação dos serviços prestados. Para tanto, é apresentado o contexto histórico da formulação da política pública de mobilidade urbana do Município de São Paulo até os dias de hoje.

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O Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) fiscaliza as concessões públicas federais há mais de 20 anos. Quais os efeitos desse controle? Esta dissertação buscou verificar se a atuação do TCU inibe o surgimento de inovações em contratos de concessão pública. Por meio de uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa de dados referentes a contratos fiscalizados pelo TCU de 1993 a 2014, identificamos indícios de que um maior grau de intervencionismo do TCU está associado a uma menor quantidade de inovações em concessões públicas. Por outro lado, o aumento da burocracia nos processos de fiscalização do TCU não vem representando um obstáculo significativo para o surgimento de inovações nessa espécie de contrato.

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This research aims to study dimensions of urban life in the contemporaneous city. It is an effort to understand the functioning of the contemporary city as an artifact that somehow affects social relations. The study focuses on the limits and possibilities of urbanity in the city today, understanding urbanity as a set of factors that favor wealth, diversity and spontaneity of public life. The research aims to show that cities today tend to criate fragmented urban life into at least one of the three urbanity dimensions: spatial dimension, social and temporal dimension. The study involves the analysis of two public spaces in Fortaleza (Praça do Ferreira and the open urban public spaces of the Centro Cultural Dragão do Mar), using Space Syntax Analysis methods and for Post Occupancy Evaluation procedures. Research shows that temporal dimension of urbanity is limited in the public spaces studied. In Praça do Ferreira, spatial and social dimensions are present, but their effects are limited by the temporal dimension. The Dragão do Mar, on the other hand, the spatial and social dimensions of urban life are more limited and more concentrated in time

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The use of Natural Gas Vehicle has had a fast increase lately. However, in order to have a continuous success this Program needs to develop converting devices of Otto-cycle engines, gasoline or alcohol, to the use of NGV (Natural Gas Vehicle) that presents low cost, maintaining the same original development of the vehicle and low level of emissions, considering the PROCONVE rules. Due to the need to diversify the matrix in order to avoid energetic dependence and due to strict pollution control, it has increased in the Brazilian market the number of vehicles converted to the use of NGV. The recent regulation of the PROCONVE, determining that the converted engines with kits should be submitted to emission testing, comes to reinforce the necessity of the proposed development. Therefore, if we can obtain kits with the characteristics already described, we can reach a major trust in the market and obtain an increase acceptance of the vehicle conversion for NGV. The use of natural gas as vehicle fuel presents several advantages in relation to liquid fuels. It is a vehicle fuel with fewer indexes of emissions when compared to diesel; their combustion gases are less harmful, with a major level of safety than liquid fuels and the market price is quite competitive. The preoccupation that emerges, and the motivation of this project, is to know which are the main justifications for such technology, well accepted in other countries, with a low index or emission, with a high level of safety, where its maintenance becomes low, reminding that for this it is necessary that this technology has to be used properly, and once available in the market will not motivate interest in the urban transportation companies in Brazil, in research centers in general. Therefore this project exists to show the society in a general way the current vision of the main governmental factors, of the national research centers and of the private companies concerning the use of natural gas vehicles in urban transport vehicles, in order to give a major reliability to the population as well as to motivate national market competitiveness with a low cost and reliable product and to enrich the national technology

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This thesis carries through an application of Analysis of Multicriterion Decision with use of the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the problematic one of taking of decision of the adoption of electronic collecting in the system of urban transport in the country, a subject that has been controversial. A modeling of criteria and alternatives is carried through and applied a questionnaire based on method AHP the excellent actors in the system of urban transport - Leading of the Managing Agency Public Municipal theatre of Urban Transports, Controller of Company of Bus, Controller of Labor union, Controller of Union of Companies, Communitarian Leader. The considered alternatives were: the maintenance of the current state with collectors, the implementation of electronic collection without collectors, and the implementation of electronic collection with collectors. The used criteria were: job, impact in the fare, control of the system, easiness of use, information. The study was carried through in the city of Natal, RN, where if the adoption of electronic collection argues and where this implementation in some bus lines between Natal and Parnamirim exists, city that integrates the region of the great Natal. The main results of the method evidence in a dimension, the viability of use of method AHP with questionnaire by means of validation of the judgments with analysis of variance beyond proper the normal mechanisms of analysis of consistency to the method, and in another one, the contribution of the analysis boarding multicriterion to become the judgments more clearly. The main results of the analysis help to show that although to models of criteria and distinct judgments of the actors, the method evidenced that it has inclination the adoption of the electronic collection on the current situation, even so with divergences between the maintenance or not of the collector. The research points to the possibility of accomplishment of the application of the AHP in successive rounds of judgments

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Recognizing the importance the workplace has on mental health of the individual, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the burnout syndrome and the sources of physical and emotional wear which permeate the work conditions of the urban public transport system of the city of Natal. Although existent in international literature, research on burnout in the professional transport category and studies directed to this category are not a tradition in Brazil. The research was carried out using 412 drivers and money-changers of two transport companies of Natal. To collect the data, two questionnaires and a semi-structured interview were used. The first instrument, developed and validated during the research, investigated the sources of wear and the second, the syndrome of burnout. As its main results, two sources of empirical wear were identified as follows: (1) the Conflict of Values and the Lack of Justice at the Workplace, (2) Union and Reward. Besides these, it was observed that there is an incidence of the syndrome of burnout among the drivers and money-changers of urban transport by bus, not only in the caring occupations studied before in Natal and Brazil and that this incidence is related to the sources of wear which permeate the work conditions of these professionals