Pseudolipoma in an 18-month-old Caucasian girl: no trauma reported

We report a pseudolipoma in an 18-month-old Caucasian girl without history of trauma. Clinical and histological findings are discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Management of a permanent tooth after trauma to deciduous predecessor: an evaluation by cone-beam computed tomography

Impaction of permanent teeth represents a clinical challenge with regard to diagnosis, treatment plan, and prognosis. There is a close relationship between deciduous teeth and permanent teeth germ, and any injury in the deciduous dentition may influence the permanent teeth eruption. The extent of the damage caused to the permanent teeth germ depends on the patient age at the time of injury, type of trauma, severity, and direction of the impact. Conventional radiographic images are frequently used for diagnosis; however, recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems have enabled dentistry to visualize structural changes effectively, with better contrast and more details, close to the reality. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been used in the diagnosis and treatment plan of these impacted teeth. The purpose of the present case report is to describe a successful conservative management of a retained permanent maxillary lateral incisor with delayed root development after a trauma through the deciduous predecessor in a 9 year-old patient. After clinical and radiographic examination, a CBCT examination of the maxilla was requested to complement the diagnosis, providing an accurate 3D position of the retained tooth and its relationship to adjacent structures. The proposed treatment plan was the surgical exposure and orthodontic traction of the retained tooth. The lateral incisor spontaneously erupted after 6 months. Therefore, this case report suggests that permanent teeth with incomplete root formation have a great potential for spontaneous eruption because no tooth malposition or mechanical obstacles are observed.

Management of a multiple dentoalveolar trauma in permanent dentition with avulsion of a canine: A 4-year follow-up

Traumatic dental injuries are relatively frequent accidents that typically involve teeth in the maxillary anterior segment. The emergency treatment and the clinical decisions must be efficiently made at the time of injury, and there is a need for long-term follow-up because of the high incidence of complications. The aim of this article was to present the emergency and rehabilitation treatments of a multiple dentoalveolar trauma in the permanent dentition involving different extensions of enamel-dentin crown fracture, pulp exposure, and the avulsion of a canine. The treatment outcomes are reported up to the 4-year follow-up, and the clinical approaches and their rationale are discussed.

An investigation of symptom-specific muscle hyperreactivity in upper extremity cumulative trauma disorder

Objective: The study examined symptom-specific muscle hyperreactivity in patients with chronic pain with upper limb cumulative trauma disorder (CTD). Design: Four tasks were presented in counterbalanced order and included neutral, general stressor, personal stressor, and pain stressor tasks. Ratings of stressfulness and recordings of skin conductance level confirmed the effectiveness of the experimental manipulations in inducing stress experiences for all subject groups. Setting: The study was conducted in a university research center. Patients: Thirty patients with CTD were matched as closely as possible for age and gender to control groups of chronic low back pain, arthritis, and pain-Free subjects Outcome Measures: Surface electromyograph recordings were taken from the frontalis, forearm flexors, trapezius, and lower back during baseline and tasks. Results: The study found no evidence of greater muscle tension increases or extended duration of return to baseline for the CTD or low back pain patients at any of the muscle sites for any of the tasks in comparison to control groups. Conclusions: The results indicate that symptom-specific psychophysiological responses may be limited to certain subgroups rather than being characteristic of chronic musculoskeletal pain patients in general.

A survey of dental and oral trauma in south-east Queensland during 1998

Background: This project investigated the aetiology of dental and oral trauma in a population in southeast Queensland. The literature shows there is a lack of dental trauma studies which are representative of the general Australian population. Method: Twelve suburbs in the south-east district of Queensland were randomly selected according to population density in these suburbs for each 25th percentile. All dental clinics in these suburbs were eligible to participate. Patients presenting with dental and oral trauma were eligible to participate. Results: A total of 197 patients presented with dental/oral trauma over a 12 month period. The age of patients ranged from 1-64 years whilst the most frequently presenting age group was 6-10 years. There was a total of 363 injured teeth with an average of 1.8 injured teeth per patient. Males significantly outnumbered females in the incidence of trauma. Conclusions: The highest frequency of trauma occurred in the 6-10 year age group. Most injuries in this group occurred while playing or riding bicycles. In the next most prevalent trauma group, 16-20 years, trauma occurred as a result of fighting and playing sport. Overall, males significantly outnumbered females by approximately 1.8:1.0. The majority of injuries in the deciduous dentition were to periodontal tissues. In the secondary dentition most injuries were to hard dental tissue and pulp.

Beware the boogie board: blunt abdominal trauma from bodyboarding

Riding waves on a bodyboard (boogie board) at the beach is popular with children. Three teenagers who sustained blunt abdominal trauma during bodyboarding are described. Two suffered lacerated livers, one a lacerated spleen. Serious blunt abdominal injuries from bodyboarding mishaps have not previously been reported. The usual method of riding a bodyboard may place the rider at risk of abdominal trauma.

A eficácia do exame telerradiográfico de tórax como técnica de "screening" em população hospitalar

É analisada a eficácia da telerradiografía de tórax como técnica de "screening" em população hospitalar. Utilizando-se uma técnica prospectiva não concorrente, é evidenciado que pouco benefício traz ao paciente a chapa de tórax AP na internação, na primeira consulta ou no pré-operatório em geral. Para sete em cada 100 pacientes foi diagnosticado importante patologia assintomática. Nenhum paciente entre 0 e 19 anos teve anormalidade evidenciada pela chapa. Recomenda-se, para esta faixa, a eliminação do exame, e para pacientes acima de 20 anos a introdução da abreugrafia, ao invés da telerradiografia de tórax.

Determinação do nível de gravidade do trauma

Trata-se de estudo prospectivo que teve por objetivo caracterizar a gravidade do trauma de pacientes hospitalizados, através do "Injury Severity Score" (ISS). Foram analisados 100 pacientes de trauma internados em uma instituição referência para trauma localizada em São Paulo, Brasil. Do total de pacientes, 68 sofreram trauma fechado e 32 trauma penetrante. Dentre os pacientes de trauma fechado, 53,0% sofreram trauma leve (ISS 1-15), 29,4% trauma moderado (ISS 16-24) e 17,6% trauma grave (ISS > 25) enquanto que 34,4% dos pacientes de trauma penetrante sofreram trauma leve, 18,7% trauma moderado e 46,9% trauma grave. A média e desvio-padrão dos ISSs dos pacientes de trauma fechado e penetrante foi, respectivamente, de 14,9 ± 8,1 e 20,8 ± 11,0, correspondendo a um percentual de mortos de 11,8% e 12,5%.

Prevalência de alcoolemia em vítimas de causas externas admitidas em centro urbano de atenção ao trauma

OBJETIVOS: Estudar a freqüência de alcoolemia positiva em vítimas de causas externas e caracterizar a freqüência do uso dessa substância nos diferentes tipos de causas externas. MÉTODOS: Estudo de prevalência de alcoolemia em pacientes admitidos em um centro de atenção ao trauma, no município de São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Os pacientes foram selecionados aleatoriamente no decorrer de um ano (agosto de 1998 a agosto de 1999). Os procedimentos consistiram em coleta de sangue para dosagem alcoólica e aplicação de questionário desenvolvido pelo "Medical Research Institute of San Francisco -- Alcohol Research Group", adaptado para a coleta de informações acerca dos pacientes. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 464 pacientes com idade mediana de 29 anos, sendo 73,7% do sexo masculino. Encontrou-se prevalência de alcoolemia positiva em 28,9% dos casos (IC95%; 24,8-33,2). Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas prevalências de alcoolemia, quando avaliadas as variáveis: tipo de causa externa; faixa etária; sexo; estado civil; e desfecho do caso. As maiores prevalências encontradas foram em vítimas de agressão (46,2%), no sexo masculino (33,9%), na faixa etária de 25 a 44 anos (37,6%), em solteiros (33,0%) e em pacientes internados (41,4%), respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados reforçam o fato de haver envolvimento de álcool nas causas externas. Medidas em diferentes níveis de prevenção, dirigidas principalmente à população de maior risco, deveriam ser consideradas em programas com o objetivo de diminuir a ocorrência, bem como a reincidência desses eventos.