Cibercultura, hipertexto e cibercidade

Pós-graduação em Letras - IBILCE

Os corpos cercados e o campo de concentração poética

As potencialidades da escrita no conto “Os corpos cercados”, inserido em Os pregos na erva (1962), de Maria Gabriela Llansol, vêm à tona por meio de “cenas fulgor” (expressão da própria autora) e pela permeabilidade das fronteiras entre os gêneros literários, o que dá origem a um texto em que a forma narrativa conto dialoga com a poesia. Esse aspecto híbrido desloca a narratividade para a textualidade, pois se divisa um enredo que se constrói pela quase total ausência de acontecimentos, enquanto o processo de experimentação com a linguagem domina. O espaço textual sugere um campo de concentração que sobrepõe corpos, sons, ritmo e imagens. Nesse sentido, pretendemos mostrar, no texto da escritora portuguesa, de que forma a estrutura do conto é atingida pela saliência dos momentos líricos, uma vez que aspectos peculiares à prosa cedem espaço, no conto de Llansol, ao afloramento da sonoridade e da expressividade.

A produção de texto no ensino fundamental: uma experiência pedagógica

From a diagnostic on the learning of written text, this research aimed to carry out educational activities aimed at textual production, performing operation and activity of reflection on texts written by students in a learning situation of parallel recovery, aiming to improve the standard textuality of his written production. These actions were guided from the conception of language as social practice and discourse and, later, a survey was made in the standard of textuality textual productions resulting from such actions. 5 students participated in the research of a 4th grade of elementary school, a School of Duartina peripheral zone integrating the local school system of that city. The textual productions written by these students were analyzed from three categories: common mistakes in the process of literacy, with subdivisions: phonetic transcription, dialetação, hollow hipossegmentação or vocabulary, or improper separation hiperssegmentação, overcorrection, exchange, omission or addition letters, phonemes homorganic exchange; factors textual and contextual, in which it reviewed the following factors: coherence, cohesion and story elements, clarity, in which category were analyzed: the segmentation of text into paragraphs, grammar errors of different nature, use of direct and indirect speech. The results of the intervention and ongoing analysis of data shows that there has been considered developments in the performance of the written production of the research subjects

Mais ou menos negra? Questões de negritude, tradução e a poesia de Harryette Mullen

This paper addresses issues regarding my translation of selected poems by Harryette Mullen, a rising African-American contemporary poet, whose dense poetry works on the black oral tradition, the experimentalism of writing, the (African-American) pop music, in addition to delving into issues such as the representation of (black) female sexuality. One of the complex aspects of her poetry is the notion of miscegenation, conceived as an aesthetic argument and as a constitutive condition of the identity of multiracial Americans. This concept establishes a textuality that questions the accessible intelligibility generally expected from black American poetry, insofar as a mosaic of dissonant voices are brought to light in her text, which makes it difficult to categorize. In Brazil, especially among politically engaged Afro-Brazilians, there has been criticism towards the praise of miscegenation, since the latter has been considered to support of the myth of racial democracy. Building on these aspects, we investigate the extent to which it is a challenge to translate her poetry – based on miscegenation and hybridity as aesthetic constructs – especially when taking into account the discursive locus of readers identified with an Afro-Brazilian aesthetic, particularly critical of miscegenation. From the point of view of translation, we evaluate the extent to which her poetry could be read by the predominant cultural discourse in Brazil, inclined to favor miscegenation as an integral concept of national identity, as a seductively experimental poetry. In view of this, one wonders whether this perspective makes hers poetry “less black” for Afro-Brazilian literary standards.

Leitura crítica da produção literária de Alfonsina Storni

This paper presents the trajectory traced by the Literary Criticism on the poetry of Alfonsina Storni, an Argentine writer of the early twentieth century. The first literary production of Alfonsina Storni, called modernist or tardorromántica (SARLO, 1988), is produced in the period 1916-1925; from Ocre (1926), she marks a break, confirmed in their last two books of poetry, Mundo de siete Pozos (1935) and Mascarilla y Trébol (1938), with the label of vanguardism and new aesthetic experiences such as antisoneto. Regarding the Criticism built over the poetic work of Alfonsina Storni by his contemporaries, we have three positions of reading: approaches biographical criticism and proposals for readings of critics and poets linked to Vanguard Argentina and made some critical texts by women from the middle academic. According to Salomone (2006), the criticism made by third trend marks another landmark of the constitutive deed of Alfonsina Storni, show tensions and positions that differ from the hegemonic critical. Subsequently, there is setting up a Women's Literature, along with a normative critique, which will consider the production book produced by women as produced by a subject biological woman, and that represents certain textuality with naturalized features peculiar to women. Today, in light of the Critical Feminist and contributions of Discourse Analysis, especially on the concepts and the connections between language and power, a critical reading of the production female, consists of texts of women writers since the mid-nineteenth century, is focused as a result of an ideological perspective and typically androcentric patriarchal, for example, on poems by Alfonsina Storni. According to Alice Salomone (2006), from the 80s of last century, the look on the production literary Latin American writers has another approach, which she calls "critical current: feminist criticism and modernity cultural".

A escrita dialógica: investigando o relacionamento do sujeito com o próprio texto

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAR

Pissing Glass and the Body Crass: Adaptations of the Scatological in Théophile

Examination of scatological motifs in Théophile de Viau’s (1590-1626) libertine, or ‘cabaret’ poetry is important in terms of how the scatological contributes to the depiction of the Early Modern body in the French lyric.1 This essay does not examine Théophile’s portrait of the body strictly in terms of the ‘Baroque’ or the ‘neo-Classical.’ Rather, it argues that the scatological context in which he situates the body (either his, or those of others), reflects a keen sensibility of the body representative of the transition between these two eras. Théophile reinforces what Bernard Beugnot terms the body’s inherent ‘eloquence’ (17), or what Patrick Dandrey describes as an innate ‘textuality’ in what the body ‘writes’ (31), and how it discloses meaning. The poet’s scatological lyric, much of which was published in the Pamasse Satyrique of 1622, projects a different view of the body’s ‘eloquence’ by depicting a certain realism and honesty about the body as well as the pleasure and suffering it experiences. This Baroque realism, which derives from a sense of the grotesque and the salacious, finds itself in conflict with the Classical body which is frequently characterized as elegant, adorned, and ‘domesticated’ (Beugnot 25). Théophile’s private body is completely exposed, and, unlike the public body of the court, does not rely on masking and pretension to define itself. Mitchell Greenberg contends that the body in late sixteenth-century and early seventeenth-century French literature is often depicted in a chaotic manner because, ‘the French body politic was rent by tumultuous religious and social upheavals’ (62).2 While one could argue that Théophile’s portraits of a syphilis-ridden narrators are more a reflection of his personal agony rather than that of France as a whole, what emerges in Théophile is an emphasis on the movement, if not decomposition of the body.3 Given Théophile’s public persona and the satirical dimension of his work, it is difficult to imagine that the degeneration he portrays is limited only to his individual experience. On a collective level, Théophile reflects what Greenberg calls ‘a continued, if skewed apprehension of the world in both its physical and metaphysical dimensions’(62–3) typical of the era. To a large extent, the body Théophile depicts is a scatological body, one whose deterioration takes the form of waste, disease, and evacuation as represented in both the private and public domain. Of course, one could cast aside any serious reading of Théophile’s libertine verse, and virtually all of scatological literature for that matter, as an immature indulgence in the prurient. Nonetheless, it was for his dissolute behavior and his scatological poetry that Théophile was imprisoned and condemned to death. Consequently, this part of his work merits serious consideration in terms of the personal and poetic (if not occasionally political) statement it represents. With the exception of Claire Gaudiani’s outstanding critical edition of Théophile’s cabaret lyric, there exist no extensive studies of the poet’s libertine œuvre.4 Clearly however, these poems should be taken seriously with respect to their philosophical and aesthetic import. As a consequence, the objective becomes that of enhancing the reader’s understanding of the lyric contexts in which Théophile’s scatological offerings situate themselves. Structurally, the reader sees how the poet’s libertine ceuvre is just that — an integrated work in which the various components correspond to one another to set forth a number of approaches from which the texts are to be read. These points of view are not always consistent, and Théophile cannot be thought of as writing in a sequential manner along the lines of devotional Baroque poets such as Jean de La Ceppède and Jean de Sponde. However, there is a tendency not to read these poems in their vulgar totality, and to overlook the formal and substantive unity in this category of Théophile’s work. The poet’s resistance to poetic and cultural standards takes a profane, if not pornographic form because it seeks to disgust and arouse while denigrating the self, the lyric other, and the reader. Théophile’s pornography makes no distinction between the erotic and scatological. The poet conflates sex and shit because they present a double form of protest to artistic and social decency while titillating and attacking the reader’s sensibilities. Examination of the repugnant gives way to a cathartic experience which yields an understanding of, if not ironic delight in, one’s own filthy nature.

Testo e memoria tra semiotica e scienze cognitive: una situazione sperimentale intorno al ricordo di un film

The research project presented in this dissertation is about text and memory. The title of the work is "Text and memory between Semiotics and Cognitive Science: an experimental setting about remembering a movie". The object of the research is the relationship between texts or "textuality" - using a more general semiotic term - and memory. The goal is to analyze the link between those semiotic artifacts that a culture defines as autonomous meaningful objects - namely texts - and the cognitive performance of memory that allows to remember them. An active dialogue between Semiotics and Cognitive Science is the theoretical paradigm in which this research is set, the major intend is to establish a productive alignment between the "theory of text" developed in Semiotics and the "theory of memory" outlined in Cognitive Science. In particular the research is an attempt to study how human subjects remember and/or misremember a film, as a specific case study; in semiotics, films are “cinematographic texts”. The research is based on the production of a corpus of data gained through the qualitative method of interviewing. After an initial screening of a fulllength feature film each participant of the experiment has been interviewed twice, according to a pre-established set of questions. The first interview immediately after the screening: the subsequent, follow-up interview three months from screening. The purpose of this design is to elicit two types of recall from the participants. In order to conduce a comparative inquiry, three films have been used in the experimental setting. Each film has been watched by thirteen subjects, that have been interviewed twice. The corpus of data is then made by seventy-eight interviews. The present dissertation displays the results of the investigation of these interviews. It is divided into six main parts. Chapter one presents a theoretical framework about the two main issues: memory and text. The issue of the memory is introduced through many recherches drown up in the field of Cognitive Science and Neuroscience. It is developed, at the same time, a possible relationship with a semiotic approach. The theoretical debate about textuality, characterizing the field of Semiotics, is examined in the same chapter. Chapter two deals with methodology, showing the process of definition of the whole method used for production of the corpus of data. The interview is explored in detail: how it is born, what are the expected results, what are the main underlying hypothesis. In Chapter three the investigation of the answers given by the spectators starts. It is examined the phenomenon of the outstanding details of the process of remembering, trying to define them in a semiotic way. Moreover there is an investigation of the most remembered scenes in the movie. Chapter four considers how the spectators deal with the whole narrative. At the same time it is examined what they think about the global meaning of the film. Chapter five is about affects. It tries to define the role of emotions in the process of comprehension and remembering. Chapter six presents a study of how the spectators account for a single scene of the movie. The complete work offers a broad perspective about the semiotic issue of textuality, using both a semiotic competence and a cognitive one. At the same time it presents a new outlook on the issue of memory, opening several direction of research.

Editorial genesis: From comparing texts (product) to interpreting rewritings (process)

In literary genetics, “editorial genetics” deals with the “public life” of texts, whereas the writing process is affected by edition and diffusion. Editorial genetics frequently has to deal with cases of “editorial rewriting”: in the literary domain for example, authors frequently modify previously published works, so that several versions may co-exist. We are especially interested in Balzac’s La Bourse (translated in English as The Purse) since we know three authorized versions of this specific work.By comparing different texts associated with a single work, the literary geneticist is facing different products that are themselves the result of a writing process. However, different specificities should be outlined: (1) the writing process does not leave any trace: we just have access to different products/texts and (2) since the texts we compare seem to be achieved, differences must be referred, not to programmatic or temporary linguistic structures, but to the reconfiguration of a pre-existing textuality.Do such products still reflect the processes that have given birth to them? Does the comparison between two texts considered as variations of a same text give access to this transformation’s processes? After describing the objects of this particular textual comparison and the terminology that permits to give an account of such phenomenon, this contribution suggests to express these questions differently, as a matter of poetics of transitions between texts, or, further digging, an hermeneutics of the transition between texts.

Desesperación y desesperanza : Caducidad de las formas en Victor Shklovski

Este artículo se ocupa de las obras biográficas y las crónicas escritas por Victor Shklovski, figura notable dentro del llamado formalismo ruso, quien ve opacada su faceta de escritor por la recepción de su obra teórica en el ámbito académico. El componente "expresivo" en su estilo determina dos tipos de "velocidades" que dialogan, se oponen o se complementan en los textos estudiados, dando así por resultado un trabajo que presenta a la paradoja, la ironía y la literalidad como principales herramientas retóricas a la hora de abordar una narración sumamente cercana a la poesía

La lectura de la ciudad a través de la literatura

El trabajo intenta acercar la mirada de la literatura hacia la ciudad. Se procura tomar esta mirada como un enfoque para poder "leer" la ciudad desde su "textualidad"; es decir, desde su recorrido para poder posicionarnos en lo que la sociedad va "escribiendo" en cada recorte espacial. Para ello, se indagó sobre la relación de la literatura con la geografía y se tomaron determinadas obras y autores, que desde la literatura han aportado miradas sobre la ciudad, la naturaleza y el paisaje. Encontramos que la literatura y los autores pueden alejarse de la mirada cotidiana y plasmar en papel la otra ciudad, la que la cotidianeidad, la vorágine y la superposición del espacio y el tiempo, nos terminan diluyendo

Se nas pedras faz feguras parecer... Consideraciones sobre iconografía mariana y figuras poéticas en las Cantigas de Santa María de Alfonso X

La iconografía mariana ha quedado reflejada en la poesía hispánica medieval de muchas maneras: desde versos que describen a la Virgen y sus atributos hasta conceptos teológicos y mariológicos expresados plásticamente mediante formas retóricas. Por ejemplo, el jardín y las flores como ornamentos y símbolos personales de Santa María, o bien la imagen de la luz a través de un cristal o una ventana de vidrio en escenas de la Anunciación -con abundantes testimonios pictóricos en el arte medieval-, se encuentran en la poesía en forma de descripciones simbólicas de diversa extensión y género y, por otro lado, de advocaciones marianas o tópicos mariológicos (Ave/Eva, Flos, Hortus, Radix-Virga, Regina, Stella). Este artículo propone, pues, un estudio de conjunto y comparativo de algunos de estos procedimientos, concentrándose en las Cantigas de Santa María del rey Alfonso X. En este sentido, las figuras retóricas, como herramientas que tienden un puente entre lo pictórico y lo poético, dirigen necesariamente la lectura hacia una interpretación simbólica proporcionada por la figuración o typologia, tal como la ha postulado Erich Auerbach para la textualidad medieval. En última instancia, el valor sagrado de la imagen mariana (una herencia del arte icónico bizantino) se representa también en los milagros de las Cantigas de Santa María, obra maestra que evidencia una fuerte influencia de la doctrina iconodúlica.

El lenguaje poético de Empédocles

Hablar del lenguaje poético que se muestra en los fragmentos de Empédocles, nos ubica en un análisis poco acostumbrado de su épica cosmológico-catártica, es decir de los hexámetros atribuidos controvertidamente a los poemas filosóficos perì phúseos y katharmoí (transliterado). No entraremos aquí en las interminables disputas en torno a tales atribuciones, sino que nos limitaremos a relevar el decir de Empédocles en el nivel semántico y retórico de su textualidad, centrándonos en sus procedimientos específicamente poéticos. El lenguaje poético es el eje de este trabajo porque sus procedimientos específicos son observables y clasificables cuantitativamente, prestándose así como base de datos que permite proceder a las apreciaciones cualitativas de manera rigurosa. Se pretende resumir una investigación sobre la poética que se manifiesta en el uso de metáforas, metonimias, aliteraciones, símiles, repeticiones y otros procedimientos poéticos; partiendo fundamentalmente del modelo de referencialidad tradicional inherente al hexámetro utilizado por Empédocles. El objetivo es comprender las estrategias compositivas y perceptivas que presenta esta épica de alcances filosóficos, con las tradiciones que refuncionaliza y las perspectivas que inaugura.

La lectura de la ciudad a través de la literatura

El trabajo intenta acercar la mirada de la literatura hacia la ciudad. Se procura tomar esta mirada como un enfoque para poder "leer" la ciudad desde su "textualidad"; es decir, desde su recorrido para poder posicionarnos en lo que la sociedad va "escribiendo" en cada recorte espacial. Para ello, se indagó sobre la relación de la literatura con la geografía y se tomaron determinadas obras y autores, que desde la literatura han aportado miradas sobre la ciudad, la naturaleza y el paisaje. Encontramos que la literatura y los autores pueden alejarse de la mirada cotidiana y plasmar en papel la otra ciudad, la que la cotidianeidad, la vorágine y la superposición del espacio y el tiempo, nos terminan diluyendo

Desesperación y desesperanza : Caducidad de las formas en Victor Shklovski

Este artículo se ocupa de las obras biográficas y las crónicas escritas por Victor Shklovski, figura notable dentro del llamado formalismo ruso, quien ve opacada su faceta de escritor por la recepción de su obra teórica en el ámbito académico. El componente "expresivo" en su estilo determina dos tipos de "velocidades" que dialogan, se oponen o se complementan en los textos estudiados, dando así por resultado un trabajo que presenta a la paradoja, la ironía y la literalidad como principales herramientas retóricas a la hora de abordar una narración sumamente cercana a la poesía