The relationship between coronary heart disease (CHD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) : key mechanisms and the role of quality of life

Various trials have been conducted evaluating depression management programs for patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). However, to date, the most effective way to manage this co-morbidity in the real world setting remains unclear. To better understand the past successes and failures of previous trials and subsequently develop suitable interventions that target key components of health related quality of life (HRQOL) such as mental, physical and vocational functioning, we first need to understand the mechanisms underpinning the relationship between the two conditions. This paper will draw on the key literature in this field as identified by psychiatric, medical and social sciences databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, OVID, Medline) available up to January 2012, with the aim to conduct a narrative review which explores: the aetiological relationship between depression and CHD; its association with HRQOL; the relationship between CHD, depression and vocational functioning; and the impact of depression treatment on these outcomes. Key recommendations are made regarding the management of this prevalent co-morbidity in clinical settings.

Impact of depression treatment on mental and physical health-related quality of life of cardiac patients : a meta-analysis

PURPOSE: To conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of depression treatment on mental and physical health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of cardiac patients.

METHODS: Studies were identified using medical, health, psychiatry, psychology, and social sciences databases. Inclusion criteria were (1) 1 or more control conditions, (2) random assignment to condition after admission for myocardial infarction (MI)/acute coronary syndrome, after recording positive results on a depression screener, (3) documentation of depression symptoms at baseline, (4) depression management as a component of the rehabilitation/intervention, (5) validated measure of HRQOL as an outcome, at minimum 6-month followup. For meta-analysis, mental and physical HRQOL were the end points studied, using standardized mean differences for continuous outcome measures, with 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was explored by calculating I2 statistic.

RESULTS: Five randomized controlled trials included in the analysis represented 2105 participants (1058 intervention vs 1047 comparator). Compared with a comparator group at 6 months, a test for overall effect demonstrated statistically significant improvements in mental HRQOL in favor of the intervention (standardized mean differences = −0.29 [−0.38 to −0.20], [P < .00001]; I2 = 0%). Depression treatment had a modest yet significant impact on physical HRQOL (standardized mean differences = −0.14 [−0.24 to −0.04] [P = .009]; I2 = 15%).

CONCLUSION: While the impact of post-MI depression interventions on physical HRQOL is modest, treatment can improve mental HRQOL in a significant way. Future research is required to develop and evaluate a program that can achieve vital improvements in overall HRQOL, and potentially cardiovascular outcomes, of cardiac patients.

Sleep, stress, neurocognitive profile and healthrelated quality of life in adolescents with idiopathic musculoskeletal pain

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Self-help with illustrations of conduct and perseverance.

Mode of access: Internet.

The people's own book of recipes and information for the million : containing directions for the preservation of health, for the treatment of the sick and the conduct of the sick-room : with a full discussion of the more porminent diseases that afflict the human family, with full directions for their rational treatment : also, 1000 practical and useful recipes, embracing every department of domestic economy and human industry : with copious notes and emendations, explanatory and suggestive /

Recipes for domestic wines, cider, etc., on p. 306-315.

Life thoughts, gathered from the extemporaneous discourses of Henry Ward Beecher /

Preface signed: Edna Dean Proctor.

The busy life, or, The conquest of energy.

Mode of access: Internet.

Reflections, essays and meditations on life and religion, : with a collection of proverbs in alphabetical order, and twenty-eight letters written occasionally on several subjects ... /

An essay towards making the knowledge of religion easy to the meanest capacity / Edward Synge: v.1, p. 28-57 of main sequence.

Practical philosophy of social life;

Mode of access: Internet.

Logic, or, The right use of reason in the enquiry after truth : with a variety of rules to guard against error in the affairs of religion and human life as well as in the sciences /

Mode of access: Internet.

The economy of human life : translated from an Indian manuscript written by an ancient Bramin : to which is prefixed, an account of the manner in which the said manuscript was discovered, in a letter from an English gentleman residing in China to the Earl of *******.

Generally attributed to Robert Dodsley. The Dictionary of national biography attributes Part I to Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield, and Part II to John Hill.

Logic; or, the right use of reason in the enquiry after truth: with a variety of rules to guard against error, in the affairs of religion and human life, as well as in the sciences.

Mode of access: Internet.

Introductio ad prudentiam; or, Directions, counsels, and cautions, tending to prudent management of affairs in common life. The second part. To which is added an appendix, concerning sincerity and deceit. The whole comp.

Mode of access: Internet.

An essay concerning human understanding : with thoughts on the conduct of the understanding /

Errors in pagination, v. 1: xiv numbered vix, xlvi numbered xliv.

Pictures of early life : or, sketches of youth /

Mode of access: Internet.