The unequalled collection of engraved portraits of Napoleon Bonaparte and his family and marshals, belonging to Hon. James T. Mitchell ... embracing the most important collection of portraits in mezzotinto, aquatint, line, and stipple; including many printed in colors, as well as choice proofs, also the extraordinary collection of caricatures on Napoleon by Cruikshank, Gillray, Rowlandson, and others. To be sold ... December 18 ... and ... December 19, 1908 ... Catalogue compiled and sale conducted by Stan V. Henkels. At the book auction rooms of Samuel T. Freeman & co. ...

Red cancel drawn through the portraits.

Some Remarks on the Approximation of Transitional Density in Stochastic Differential Equations

Aijt-Sahalia (2002) introduced a method to estimate transitional probability densities of di®usion processes by means of Hermite expansions with coe±cients determined by means of Taylor series. This note describes a numerical procedure to ¯nd these coe±cients based on the calculation of moments. One advantage of this procedure is that it can be used e®ectively when the mathematical operations required to ¯nd closed-form expressions for these coe±cients are otherwise infeasible.

Identifying aggregate demand and supply shocks in a small open economy

The standard Blanchard-Quah (BQ) decomposition forces aggregate demand and supply shocks to be orthogonal. However, this assumption is problematic for a nation with an inflation target. The very notion of inflation targeting means that monetary policy reacts to changes in aggregate supply. This paper employs a modification of the BQ procedure that allows for correlated shifts in aggregate supply and demand. It is found that shocks to Australian aggregate demand and supply are highly correlated. The estimated shifts in the aggregate demand and supply curves are then used to measure the effects of inflation targeting on the Australian inflation rate and level of GDP.

Modelling Wages and Prices in Australia

This paper estimates a simultaneous-equation model of wages and prices for Australia, underpinned by a competing claims framework of imperfect competition. Two separate co-integrating relationships for wages and prices are identified by imposing the economic hypotheses implied by the theory. The steady-state relationships for wages and prices are then embedded in a parsimonious, dynamic wage-price model. The final model is both simple and parsimonious and able to describe the process of wage and price inflation in Australia

Modelling Spikes in Electricity Prices

uring periods of market stress, electricity prices can rise dramatically. Electricity retailers cannot pass these extreme prices on to customers because of retail price regulation. Improved prediction of these price spikes therefore is important for risk management. This paper builds a time-varying-probability Markov-switching model of Queensland electricity prices, aimed particularly at forecasting price spikes. Variables capturing demand and weather patterns are used to drive the transition probabilities. Unlike traditional Markov-switching models that assume normality of the prices in each state, the model presented here uses a generalised beta distribution to allow for the skewness in the distribution of electricity prices during high-price episodes.

Ovine bone and marrow derived progenitor cells : isolation, characterization, and osteogenic potential

Recently, research has focused on bone marrow derived multipotent mesenchymal precursor cells (MPC) for their potential clinical use in bone engineering. Prior to clinical application, MPC-based treatment concepts need to be evaluated in preclinical, immunocompetent, large animal models. Sheep in particular are considered a valid model for orthopaedic and trauma related research. However, ovine MPC and their osteogenic potential remain poorly characterized. In the present study, ex vivo expanded MPC isolated from ovine bone marrow proliferated at a higher rate than osteoblasts (OB) derived from tibial compact bone as assessed using standard 2D culture. MPC expressed the respective phenotypic profile typical for different mesenchymal cell populations (CD14-/CD31-/CD45- /CD29+/CD44+/CD166+) and showed a multilineage differentiation potential. When compared to OB, MPC had a higher mineralization potential under standard osteogenic culture conditions and expressed typical markers such as osteocalcin, osteonectin and type I collagen at the mRNA and protein level. After 4 weeks in 3D culture, MPC constructs demonstrated higher cell density and mineralization, whilst cell viability on the scaffolds was assessed >90%. Cells displayed a spindle-like morphology and formed an interconnected network. Implanted subcutaneously into NOD/SCID mice on type I collagen coated polycaprolactone-tricalciumphosphate (mPCL-TCP) scaffolds, MPC presented a higher developmental potential than osteoblasts. In summary, this study provides a detailed in vitro characterisation of ovine MPC from a bone engineering perspective and suggests that MPC provide promising means for future bone disease related treatment applications.

Person-independent facial expression detection using constrained local models

In automatic facial expression detection, very accurate registration is desired which can be achieved via a deformable model approach where a dense mesh of 60-70 points on the face is used, such as an active appearance model (AAM). However, for applications where manually labeling frames is prohibitive, AAMs do not work well as they do not generalize well to unseen subjects. As such, a more coarse approach is taken for person-independent facial expression detection, where just a couple of key features (such as face and eyes) are tracked using a Viola-Jones type approach. The tracked image is normally post-processed to encode for shift and illumination invariance using a linear bank of filters. Recently, it was shown that this preprocessing step is of no benefit when close to ideal registration has been obtained. In this paper, we present a system based on the Constrained Local Model (CLM) which is a generic or person-independent face alignment algorithm which gains high accuracy. We show these results against the LBP feature extraction on the CK+ and GEMEP datasets.