Model-View-Controller architectural pattern and its evolution in graphical user interface frameworks

Model-View-Controller (MVC) is an architectural pattern used in software development for graphical user interfaces. It was one of the first proposed solutions in the late 1970s to the Smart UI anti-pattern, which refers to the act of writing all domain logic into a user interface. The original MVC pattern has since evolved in multiple directions, with various names and may confuse many. The goal of this thesis is to present the origin of the MVC pattern and how it has changed over time. Software architecture in general and the MVC’s evolution within web applications are not the primary focus. Fundamen- tal designs are abstracted, and then used to examine the more recent versions. Prob- lems with the subject and its terminology are also presented.

Application of a Pid+fuzzy controller on the motion control system in machine tools

This work deals with an hybrid PID+fuzzy logic controller applied to control the machine tool biaxial table motions. The non-linear model includes backlash and the axis elasticity. Two PID controllers do the primary table control. A third PID+fuzzy controller has a cross coupled structure whose function is to minimise the trajectory contour errors. Once with the three PID controllers tuned, the system is simulated with and without the third controller. The responses results are plotted and compared to analyse the effectiveness of this hybrid controller over the system. They show that the proposed methodology reduces the contour error in a proportion of 70:1.

A modified contour error controller for a high speed XY table

This article deals with a contour error controller (CEC) applied in a high speed biaxial table. It works simultaneously with the table axes controllers, helping them. In the early stages of the investigation, it was observed that its main problem is imprecision when tracking non-linear contours at high speeds. The objectives of this work are to show that this problem is caused by the lack of exactness of the contour error mathematical model and to propose modifications in it. An additional term is included, resulting in a more accurate value of the contour error, enabling the use of this type of motion controller at higher feedrate. The response results from simulated and experimental tests are compared with those of common PID and non-corrected CEC in order to analyse the effectiveness of this controller over the system. The main conclusions are that the proposed contour error mathematical model is simple, accurate, almost insensible to the feedrate and that a 20:1 reduction of the integral absolute contour error is possible.

Suorituskyvyn mittaus ja controller toimintojen kehittäminen Venäjällä toimivassa yhteisyrityksessä

Tässä työssä tutkittiin kahden suomalaisen yrityksen omistamaa yhteisyritystä Venäjällä. Tavoitteena oli kehittää tasapainotettu mittaristo suorituskyvyn mittaukseen johtamisen tueksi. Lisäksi oli tarve parantaa materiaalinhallintaa kehittämällä controllerin työtä helpottava työkalu, sekä kehittää materiaalinhallinnan prosessia läpinäkyvämmäksi ja suoraviivaisemmaksi. Työ koostuu teoreettisesta ja empiirisestä osuudesta. Teoria koostuu raportoinnista, suorituskyvyn mittauksesta ja materiaalinhallinnan seurannasta. Työssä käytettiin laadullisia menetelmiä ja tutkimustyypiksi valikoitui toimintatutkimus. Teoreettinen aineisto on peräisin julkaisuista ja alan kirjallisuudesta. Empiirinen aineisto kerättiin pääosin haastatteluista, benchmarkkauksesta ja dokumenteista. Työn tuloksena saavutettiin päätavoite, eli kehitettiin Excel – pohjaiset työkalut suorituskyvyn mittaukseen ja materiaalinhallinnan seurantaan. Lisäksi kehitettiin kirjallinen ohjeistus näiden työkalujen käyttöön ja materiaalinhallintaprosessien suoraviivaistamiseksi. Diplomityö helpottaa yrityksen johtamista ja kontrollointia sekä sisäisesti että ulkoisesti omistajanäkökulmasta katsottuna. Venäjällä toimivan ulkomaalaisomisteisen yrityksen seuranta on haastavaa, jossa prosessien toimivuus ja läpinäkyvyys ovat olennaisessa roolissa.

Waste plastic as a stabilizing additive in Stone Mastic Asphalt

The present study investigates the benefits of stabilizing the stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixture in flexible pavement with shredded waste plastic. Conventional (without plastic) and the stabilized SMA mixtures were subjected to performance tests including Marshall Stability, tensile strength and compressive strength tests. Triaxial tests were also conducted with varying percentage bitumen by weight of mineral aggregate (6% to 8%) and by varying percentage plastic by weight of mix (6% to 12% with an increment of 1%). Plastic content of 10% by weight of bitumen is recommended for the improvement of the performance of Stone Mastic Asphalt mixtures. 10% plastic content gives an increase in the stability, split tensile strength and compressive strength of about 64%, 18% and 75% respectively compared to the conventional SMA mix. Triaxial test results show a 44% increase in cohesion and 3% decrease in angle of shearing resistance showing an increase in the shear strength. The drain down value decreases with an increase in plastic content and the value is only 0.09 % at 10% plastic content and proves to be an effective stabilizing additive in SMA mixtures

Design and Development of a Remotely Operated Underwater Multi-Robot Manipulator Controller

For the scientific and commercial utilization of Ocean resources, the role of intelligent underwater robotic systems are of great importance. Scientific activities like Marine Bio-technology, Hydrographic mapping, and commercial applications like Marine mining, Ocean energy, fishing, aquaculture, cable laying and pipe lining are a few utilization of ocean resources. As most of the deep undersea exploration are beyond the reachability of divers and also as the use of operator controlled and teleoperated Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) and Diver Transport Vehicles (DTVs) turn out to be highly inefficient, it is essential to have a fully automated system capable providing stable control and communication links for the unstructured undersea environment.

Designing a Robust Pitch Angle Controller for a 2‐Motor‐Pitch‐System in a Large Wind Turbine

Für große Windenergieanlagen werden neue Pitchregler wie Einzelblattregler oder Turmdämpfungsregler entwickelt. Während diese neuen Pitchregler die Elemente der Windenergieanlagen entlasten, wird das Pitchantriebssystem stärker belastet. Die Pitchantriebe müssen weitaus häufiger bei höherer Amplitude arbeiten. Um die neuen Pitchregler nutzen zu können, muss zunächst das Problem der Materialermüdung der Pitchantriebssysteme gelöst werden. Das Getriebespiel in Getrieben und zwischen Ritzeln und dem Zahnkranz erhöht die Materialermüdung in den Pitchantriebssystemen. In dieser Studie werden als Lösung zwei Pitchantriebe pro Blatt vorgeschlagen. Die beiden Pitchantriebe erzeugen eine Spannung auf dem Pitchantriebssystem und kompensieren das Getriebespiel. Drehmomentspitzen, die eine Materialermüdung verursachen, treten bei diesem System mit zwei Pitchmotoren nicht mehr auf. Ein Reglerausgang wird via Drehmomentverteiler auf die beiden Pitchantriebe übertragen. Es werden mehrere Methoden verglichen und der leistungsfähigste Drehmomentverteiler ausgewählt. Während die Pitchantriebe in Bewegung sind, ändert sich die Spannung auf den Getrieben. Die neuen Pitchregler verstellen den Pitchwinkel in einer sinusförmigen Welle. Der Profilgenerator, der derzeit als Pitchwinkelregler verwendet wird, kann eine Phasenverzögerung im sinusförmigen Pitchwinkel verursachen. Zusätzlich erzeugen große Windenergieanlagen eine hohe Last, die sich störend auf die Pitchbewegung auswirkt. Änderungen der viskosen Reibung und Nichtlinearität der Gleitreibung bzw. Coulombsche Reibung des Pitchregelsystems erschweren zudem die Entwicklung eines Pitchwinkelreglers. Es werden zwei robuste Regler (H∞ und μ–synthesis ) vorgestellt und mit zwei herkömmlichen Reglern (PD und Kaskadenregler) verglichen. Zur Erprobung des Pitchantriebssystems und des Pitchwinkelreglers wird eine Prüfanordnung verwendet. Da der Kranz nicht mit einem Positionssensor ausgestattet ist, wird ein Überwachungselement entwickelt, das die Kranzposition meldet. Neben den beiden Pitchantrieben sind zwei Lastmotoren mit dem Kranz verbunden. Über die beiden Lastmotoren wird das Drehmoment um die Pitchachse einer Windenergieanlage simuliert. Das Drehmoment um die Pitchachse setzt sich zusammen aus Schwerkraft, aerodynamischer Kraft, zentrifugaler Belastung, Reibung aufgrund des Kippmoments und der Beschleunigung bzw. Verzögerung des Rotorblatts. Das Blatt wird als Zweimassenschwinger modelliert. Große Windenergieanlagen und neue Pitchregler für die Anlagen erfordern ein neues Pitchantriebssystem. Als Hardware-Lösung bieten sich zwei Pitchantriebe an mit einem robusten Regler als Software.

Site Controller: A System for Computer-Aided Civil Engineering and Construction

A revolution\0\0\0 in earthmoving, a $100 billion industry, can be achieved with three components: the GPS location system, sensors and computers in bulldozers, and SITE CONTROLLER, a central computer system that maintains design data and directs operations. The first two components are widely available; I built SITE CONTROLLER to complete the triangle and describe it here. SITE CONTROLLER assists civil engineers in the design, estimation, and construction of earthworks, including hazardous waste site remediation. The core of SITE CONTROLLER is a site modelling system that represents existing and prospective terrain shapes, roads, hydrology, etc. Around this core are analysis, simulation, and vehicle control tools. Integrating these modules into one program enables civil engineers and contractors to use a single interface and database throughout the life of a project.

Geometric Structure of the Adaptive Controller of the Human Arm

The objects with which the hand interacts with may significantly change the dynamics of the arm. How does the brain adapt control of arm movements to this new dynamic? We show that adaptation is via composition of a model of the task's dynamics. By exploring generalization capabilities of this adaptation we infer some of the properties of the computational elements with which the brain formed this model: the elements have broad receptive fields and encode the learned dynamics as a map structured in an intrinsic coordinate system closely related to the geometry of the skeletomusculature. The low--level nature of these elements suggests that they may represent asset of primitives with which a movement is represented in the CNS.

A Gain Scheduling Model Predictive Controller for Blood Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes

This paper presents a control strategy for blood glucose(BG) level regulation in type 1 diabetic patients. To design the controller, model-based predictive control scheme has been applied to a newly developed diabetic patient model. The controller is provided with a feedforward loop to improve meal compensation, a gain-scheduling scheme to account for different BG levels, and an asymmetric cost function to reduce hypoglycemic risk. A simulation environment that has been approved for testing of artificial pancreas control algorithms has been used to test the controller. The simulation results show a good controller performance in fasting conditions and meal disturbance rejection, and robustness against model–patient mismatch and errors in meal estimation

A genetic algorithm for the design of a fuzzy controller for active queue management

Active queue management (AQM) policies are those policies of router queue management that allow for the detection of network congestion, the notification of such occurrences to the hosts on the network borders, and the adoption of a suitable control policy. This paper proposes the adoption of a fuzzy proportional integral (FPI) controller as an active queue manager for Internet routers. The analytical design of the proposed FPI controller is carried out in analogy with a proportional integral (PI) controller, which recently has been proposed for AQM. A genetic algorithm is proposed for tuning of the FPI controller parameters with respect to optimal disturbance rejection. In the paper the FPI controller design metodology is described and the results of the comparison with random early detection (RED), tail drop, and PI controller are presented.

Parallel genetic algorithms for the tuning of a fuzzy AQM controller

This paper presents the results of the application of a parallel Genetic Algorithm (GA) in order to design a Fuzzy Proportional Integral (FPI) controller for active queue management on Internet routers. The Active Queue Management (AQM) policies are those policies of router queue management that allow the detection of network congestion, the notification of such occurrences to the hosts on the network borders, and the adoption of a suitable control policy. Two different parallel implementations of the genetic algorithm are adopted to determine an optimal configuration of the FPI controller parameters. Finally, the results of several experiments carried out on a forty nodes cluster of workstations are presented.