The press and freedom of speech in Ukraine ahead of parliamentary elections. OSW Commentary No. 90, 2012-09-20

The independence of the mass media has been regularly restricted over the past two years in Ukraine. Following a period of relative freedom in 2005–2010, the scope of direct and indirect government control of the press has increased, cancelling out the achievements of the Orange Revolution in this area. The press in Ukraine is less and less able to perform its role as watchdog on the government and politicians and as a reliable source of information on the situation in the country to the public. This is mainly due to: (1) the concentration of the most important mass media in the hands of Ukraine’s most powerful oligarchs, whose business interests depend on the government; (2) the use of the press as instruments in political and business competition; (3) the ruling class’s subordination of the institutions which supervise the press; (4) repression used against media critical of the government and (5) the lack of an independent public broadcasting corporation. As a consequence, the press has hardly any impact on the political processes taking place ahead of the parliamentary election scheduled for 28 October. This is also an effect of a passiveness present in the Ukrainian public, who are tired of politics and are focused on social issues. Cases of abuse or corruption scandals revealed by the press do not provoke any response from the public and are rarely investigated by the public prosecution authorities. The more popular a given medium is, the more strongly it is controlled by the government. At present, television has to be recognised as the least reliable of the mass media. In turn, Internet news journals are characterised by the greatest pluralism but also have more limited accessibility. The political conditions in which the mass media operate in Ukraine lead to various forms of pathology. The most serious of them are censorship by the owners and self-censorship performed by journalists, and a great share of political advertorials. As the parliamentary election is approaching, the pathologies of the Ukrainian media market have been showing up with greater intensity.

"Where is the Wealth?" Echoing the King's 2014 speech in light of the delay in the implementation of the new Constitution. Arab Citizenship Review No. 16, 19 February 2016

In Morocco, the new Constitution promised by King Mohammed VI in 2011 has raised high expectations regarding the improvement of socio-economic standards in the country and the possible redistribution of national wealth in a more transparent and democratic way. Just like Tunisia and Egypt, Moroccan demonstrators of the 20 February Movement had taken to the streets to ask for more freedom and democracy, but also to call for social equality and an end to corruption. Many of the grievances and the claims raised by demonstrators fell within the domain of socio-economic rights. Even though it might still be early to take stock, five years down the road, it is possible to provide a fist assessment of the major changes in Morocco in the socio-economic area. The attempt is to analyse whether the improvements introduced by the new Constitution have met the expectations of the people standing up for their rights in the wake of the Arab Spring, or whether the Kingdom of Morocco has fallen short on its promise to undertake structural change.

Speech in the legislature of Michigan, January 28, 1864, on soldiers' suffrage.

Caption title.

The Hennepin canal. Shall the great northern and eastern water way be extended to the upper Mississippi? Speech ... in the House of representatives ...

Mode of access: Internet.

The export of munitions of war : speech ... in the House of Representatives, January 7, 1916.

Mode of access: Internet.

English parsing: comprising the rules of syntax, exemplified by appropriate lessons under each rule, with an index, containing all the parts of speech in the different lessons unparsed, for the use of schools, private teachers, and elder students.

Mode of access: Internet.

Mr. Websters̓ speech in defence of the Christian ministry, and in favor of the religious instruction of the young. Delivered in the Supreme Court of the United States February 10, 1844, in the case of Stephen Girards̓ will.

Mode of access: Internet.

On aphasia, or loss of speech in cerebral disease.

Reprinted from the Journal of mental science.

Abnormal types of speech in Nootka,

Bibliographical footnotes.

Navigation laws : speech...in the House of commons...the 12th of May, 1826 on the present state of the shipping interest.

With this is bound his speech on Shipping interest. 1827.

The royal universal British grammar and vocabulary. Being a digestion of the entire English language into its proper parts of speech ... In a method entirely new. ...

Mode of access: Internet.

The natural influence of speech in raising man abovve the brute creation.

Mode of access: Internet.

A review of the Rev. Dr. Junkin's synodical speech, in defence of American slavery; delivered September 19th and 20th, and published December 1843: with an outline of the Bible argument against slavery.

Mode of access: Internet.

Speech in the legislative council, 6th, Mar.,1828, on the subject of the clergy reserves.

"Published by request."

Speech in the House of commons,July 21, 1835, in support of his amendment on the Irish church bill.

Mode of access: Internet.