1000 resultados para Solos - Aspectos ambientais
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a biodegradação de efluente oleosos em ambiente terrestre. Foram avaliados os potenciais degradação dos seguintes óleos: óleo lubrificante automotivo usado, óleo vegetal novo e usado, e biodiesel. Os ensaios realizados objetivaram, pelo método de respirometria, quantificar e comparar as porcentagens de biodegradação medida através da formação do CO2 da respirometria bacteriana entre amostras de solos contaminados por diferentes tipos de óleo. Além destes ensaios, foram realizados testes colorimétricos que, indicarão, pela mudança de cor do indicador, quais os óleos levam mais tempo para serem completamente degradados. Dessa maneira, foi possível verificar a degradabilidade relativa dos óleos, e contribuir para futuras pesquisas envolvendo a poluição de ambientes com efluentes oleosos. Os dados coletados permitiram verificar a toxicidade e biodegradabilidade relativa dos óleos, de modo que os ensaios contendo biodiesel e óleo vegetal novo tiveram menor índice de biodegradação, quando comparado ao óleo automotivo usado.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG
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Historically the evolution of the occupation of ararense territory was due to the expansion of agricultural activities. Such activities were intensified with the transformations engendered by the Green Revolution, increasing the exploitation, the area occupied by agriculture and the deforestation and consequent environmental degradation. Therefore the current reality of rural areas in Araras/SP has shown that part of agricultural practices made it does not guarantee the effectiveness of environmental legislation and the sustainability of farms. Considering the recently implemented environmental policies, such as Law nº 12.651 / 2012, better known as New Forest Code and Decree nº 8.235 / 2014 establishing a period of one year to rural property registered with the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR), as tools targeting to reduce environmental degradation and contribute to building a sustainable rural development. This work aims to analyze the dynamics of the rural municipality of Araras on the environmental situation in some rural properties and actions to be taken by the owners to the full compliance of its properties before the environmental public policy
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Pesticids are chemical products used to control plagues (animal and vegetable) and plant diseases. Due to the process of automation occurred in the agriculture in 1960-1970, the agrotoxics began to be largely used in Brazil. Their physical-chemical proprieties, as well as the frequency of use, form of application, environmental biotic and abiotic characteristics and climatic conditions will determine their environmental destination. These variables will define the spectrum of environmental impacts and human health problems caused by the agrotoxics. The human health impacts might be acute or chronic, mainly upon neurological, reproductive and respiratory process. In the environment, the agrotoxics cause transformations and modifications in biota, water, soil and other ecosystems. To make farmworkers aware of alternatives to massive use of agrotoxics is the guarantee for an agriculture development more sustainable, without disorders in human health and in environment
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Entrepreneurs responsible for the housing project “Vale do Sol III”, (claim of deployment), proposed a technique, in order to resolve conflicts of interest arising in respect Vale do Sol I residents (already implemented). Conflicts taken place in accordance with environmental problems that originated (past) in poor drainage of rainwater from Água Fria stream. This work, based on study case method with deductive approach, analyzed the environmental aspects of the area in order to contribute to the process of sustainable management of medium-sized cities (present), as well as analyzing the prospects for adequate outcome environmental demand (future) . In terms of technical and methodological procedures, was used geoprocessing softwares for the purpose of supporting analysis. It was concluded that, technique proposed at Vale do Sol III enterprise, don’t have necessary, sufficient and satisfactory solution in order to, at least, mitigate the problems of area sustainability. In terms of future prospects, it was concluded that, good sustainable environmental management, with preventive measures, from the point of view of mitigating the environmental and urban conflicts, and corrective measures.
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Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE
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Over the recent human history within the last centuries the environmental degradation has been accumulating and growing rampantly causing effects today easily perceived by all. Because of this, today we can say that there is almost a consensus among the world population's concern with the environment in order to seek to minimize these effects immediately in addition to not aggravate the situation for future generations. Thus today it is common to find a wide range of products with this ideal of sustainable commitment in the various commercial areas. The construction industry has a responsibility to be a major cause of these impacts to the environment, so it is also one of the main vectors able to mitigate the degradation of the environment. In order to encourage, oversee and promote the sustainable attitudes within the construction area emerged environmental certifications. In this work it's exposed some of the major certifications for civilian buildings, highlighting the Selo Azul da Caixa that appears as a good choice focused on the Brazilian reality
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Over the recent human history within the last centuries the environmental degradation has been accumulating and growing rampantly causing effects today easily perceived by all. Because of this, today we can say that there is almost a consensus among the world population's concern with the environment in order to seek to minimize these effects immediately in addition to not aggravate the situation for future generations. Thus today it is common to find a wide range of products with this ideal of sustainable commitment in the various commercial areas. The construction industry has a responsibility to be a major cause of these impacts to the environment, so it is also one of the main vectors able to mitigate the degradation of the environment. In order to encourage, oversee and promote the sustainable attitudes within the construction area emerged environmental certifications. In this work it's exposed some of the major certifications for civilian buildings, highlighting the Selo Azul da Caixa that appears as a good choice focused on the Brazilian reality
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A Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente tem como objetivo a conciliação do desenvolvimento econômico e social com a qualidade ambiental, e dispõe de vários instrumentos que procuram contemplara capacidade de suporte do meio. Assim, a discussão sobre a localização das atividades é uma etapa importante para a avaliação da viabilidade ambiental de um determinado empreendimento, notadamente em processos de licenciamento ambiental. O trabalho apresenta uma abordagem metodológica para integração de critérios técnicos, ambientais e sociais em estudos de alternativas de localização de aterros sanitários, com especial atenção à interação entre os aspectos ambientais e os elementos fundamentais de um projeto (a saber, requisitos locacionais e concepção tecnológica), aplicado em um estudo de caso em São Carlos (SP). Como resultados principais, destacam-se o maior foco nos impactos significativos e a possibilidade de envolvimento de segmentos importantes da sociedade previamente à elaboração dos estudos ambientais.
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A região da Amazônia Legal no Brasil apresenta desafios quanto ao acesso à água para sua população, mesmo com grande abundância de recursos hídricos. Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar condicionantes de acesso à água para consumo humano, considerando aspectos ambientais, socioculturais e de infraestrutura. Para isso, analisam-se: a precária cobertura por saneamento básico na região, por meio de macroindicadores; e estudos de caso em distintas escalas espaciais: comunidade indígena; cidade de pequeno porte, comunidades ribeirinhas, e uma cidade de grande porte, Manaus, maior centro urbano da Amazônia Pan-Amazônica. Por fim, empreende-se uma discussão interdisciplinar sobre as dificuldades de acesso a água no âmbito da saúde pública, explorando a importância de aspectos que se manifestam de modo evidente nas escalas espaciais.
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Background: The Atlantic rainforest ecosystem, where bromeliads are abundant, provides an excellent environment for Kerteszia species, because these anophelines use the axils of those plants as larval habitat. Anopheles (K.) cruzii and Anopheles (K.) bellator are considered the primary vectors of malaria in the Atlantic forest. Although the incidence of malaria has declined in some areas of the Atlantic forest, autochthonous cases are still registered every year, with Anopheles cruzii being considered to be a primary vector of both human and simian Plasmodium. Methods: Recent publications that addressed ecological aspects that are important for understanding the involvement of Kerteszia species in the epidemiology of malaria in the Atlantic rainforest in the Neotropical Region were analysed. Conclusion: The current state of knowledge about Kerteszia species in relation to the Atlantic rainforest ecosystem was discussed. Emphasis was placed on ecological characteristics related to epidemiological aspects of this group of mosquitoes. The main objective was to investigate biological aspects of the species that should be given priority in future studies
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Na Amazônia brasileira, a exploração das florestas tem se dado com imensos danos ambientais e desperdício de recursos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a cadeia produtiva da madeira de espécie nativa em dois municípios do estado do Pará, Paragominas e Novo Progresso, mediante pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os dois municípios são polos madeireiros expressivos para realização do trabalho de campo: um de exploração mais antiga e outro mais recente. Foram entrevistados representantes de empresas de diferentes tamanhos com enfoque na cadeia produtiva da madeira (extração, processamento primário e beneficiamento). Nos dois municípios de forma geral, o parque industrial encontrado é antigo e com tecnologia defasada. Conclui-se que uma política de agregação de valor aos recursos naturais deveria incluir investimentos relevantes em capacitação, treinamento e tecnologia. A cadeia de base florestal pode desempenhar um papel importante na manutenção da floresta em pé, na geração de empregos e nas exportações da região