CNS safety at 48-week of switching to ATV/r plus 3TC or two nucleos(t)ides in HIV-suppressed patients on stable ART: the SALT neurocognitive sub-study.

INTRODUCTION Due to their low CNS penetrance, there are concerns about the capacity of non-conventional PI-based ART (monotherapy and dual therapies) to preserve neurocognitive performance (NP). METHODS We evaluated the NP change of aviremic participants of the SALT clinical trial (1) switching therapy to dual therapy (DT: ATV/r+3TC) or triple therapy (TT: ATV/r+2NRTI) who agreed to perform an NP assessment (NPZ-5) at baseline and W48. Neurocognitive impairment and NP were assessed using AAN-2007 criteria (2) and global deficit scores (GDS) (3). Neurocognitive change (GDS change: W48 - baseline) and the effect of DT on NP evolution crude and adjusted by significant confounders were determined using ANCOVA. RESULTS A total of 158 patients were included (Table 1). They had shorter times because HIV diagnosis, ART initiation and HIV-suppression and their virologic outcome at W48 by snapshot was higher (79.1% vs 72.7%; p=0.04) compared to the 128 patients not included in the sub-study. By AAN-2007 criteria, 51 patients in each ART group (68% vs 63%) were neurocognitively impaired at baseline (p=0.61). Forty-seven patients were not reassessed at W48: 30 lost of follow-up (16 DT-14 TT) and 17 had non-evaluable data (6 DT-11 TT). Patients retested were more likely to be men (78.9% vs 61.4%) and had neurological cofounders (9.6% vs 0%) than patients non-retested. At W48, 3 out of 16 (5.7%) patients on DT and 6 out of 21 (10.5%) on TT who were non-impaired at baseline became impaired (p=0.49) while 10 out of 37 (18.9%) on DT and 7 out of 36 (12.3%) on TT who were neurocognitively impaired at baseline became non-impaired (p=0.44). Mean GDS changes (95% CI) were: Overall -0.2 (-0.3 to -0.04): DT -0.26 (-0.4 to -0.07) and TT -0.08 (-0.2 to 0.07). NP was similar between DT and TT (0.15). This absence of differences was also observed in all cognitive tests. Effect of DT: -0.16 [-0.38 to 0.06]) (r(2)=0.16) on NP evolution was similar to TT (reference), even after adjusting (DT: -0.11 [-0.33 to 0.1], TT: reference) by significant confounders (geographical origin, previous ATV use and CD4 cell count) (r(2)=0.25). CONCLUSIONS NP stability was observed after 48 weeks of follow up in the majority of patients whether DT or TT was used to maintain HIV-suppression. Incidence rates of NP impairment or NP impairment recovery were also similar between DT and TT.

Portugais 48

Contient : 1 Recueil de généalogies portugaises ; 2 Recueil de généalogies extraites "de hum livro de Nunalvares Pereira" ; 3 Recueil de généalogies : "Estos linages que se siguen se copiaron de un libro de Alonsso Lopez de Haro de los linages de Portugal, y, por lo que dize en el de los Pimenteles, parece se le dio Nunalbarez Pereyra." ; 4 "Desçendencia dos Teives feita por D. Belchor de Teive." ; 5 Notes sur divers membres de la famille de Mello ou Merlo ; 6 "Familia y quadrilla de Blasco Ximeno." Cette généalogie se termine par une notice sur D. Gomez d'Avila y Toledo, deuxième marquis de Velada ; 7 "Linhagem dos de Castelbranco, recopilada por Dom Manoel de Castelbranco, conde de Villanova." ; 8 Notes généalogiques sur les familles Pinheiro, Manoel et Tserclaes ; 9 "Memoria dos titulos que os reis de Portugal criarão de novo neste reyno," de João Ier à Philippe III ; 10 "Los grandes y titulos de Castilla." ; 11 "Visoreys e governadores da India." ; 12 Notes généalogiques sur les Souza et les Maldonado ; 13 "Adiantados que ouve em Portugal." ; 14 "Epitaphios que estão no mosteiro de S. Antonio da Castanheyra." ; 15-34 Documents relatifs à la prise de la ville de Salvador (Bahia, Brésil) par les hollandais (1624) et à la reprise par l'armée hispano-portugaise (1625) ; 15 "Lista dos navios, capitaes d'elles e soldados, fidalgos e nobres que se embarcarão e partirão ao soccorro da Bahia, a 21 de novembro de 1624, sendo capitão geral d'esta armada don Manoel de Meneses." ; 16 "Relaçaõ do dinheiro e cousas reduzidas a elle com que este reyno servio a Sua Magd na ocasiaõ do apresto da armada para o socorro da Bahia no Brasil, que vae ao todo noventa e tres contos coatrocentos e hum mil." 1624 ; 17 "Relaçaõ da armada que partio de Lisbóa em socorro da Bahia e do susseço que teve." ; 18 "Carta para hum fidalgo recidente na corte de Madrid, em que brevemente se relata o corpo principal de toda a armada, que d'este porto de Lixboa salio para a empreza da Bahya, aos 23 de novembro de 1624." Lisbonne, 12 décembre 1624 ; 19 "Relaçaõ das armadas de Sua Magde do dia em que chegaraõ a Bahia e do que se tem feito na expugnaçaõ do enemigo, desde 29 de março que foi vespera de Pascoa, em que deraõ fundo na dita Baia as armadas, ate 22 abril, em que se mandou a Pernambuco o papel de que se tirou esta rellaçaõ, a qual mandaraõ os governadores de Portugal a Sua Magde." 1625 ; 20 "Relaçion de Lorenço Perez Carballo de lo que pasa en la Baya, de quinçe de abril de 1625." ; 21 "Copia da carta que dom Manoel de Menezes, capitaõ mor da armada da esquadra de Portugal, escreveo a S. Mgde, da Bahia, dando conta do que succedeo nella, desde 29 de março te 12 de mayo de 1625." ; 22 "Relaçaõ de que o capitaõ don Manoel de Meneses faz mençaõ na sua carta atraz." 1625 ; 23 "Discurso breve del suçeso que han tenido las armas de su Magd en la jornada del Brasil, desde que salieron de España asta la rrestauraçion de la çiudad de San Salvador, que tomaron los Olandeses en diez de mayo del año pasado de mill y seisçientos y veinte y quatro... Fecha en diez de mayo de mill y seisçientos y veinte y cinco." ; 24 "Copia de las cartas y respuestas que ubo de parte de los Olandeses y Don Fadrique de Toledo Ossorio, desde 28 de abril [1625] hasta 30 que se rindio la plaza" de San Salvador ; 25 "Capitulos conspirados por el sor Coronel y los del Conssejo en la Baya para ofreçer a su Exa Don Fadrique de Toledo, general por su Mgd d'España." 29 et 30 avril 1625 ; 26" Relacion del viaje y sucesso de la Armada que por mandado de su Magestad partio al Brasil, a echar de alli los enemigos que lo ocupavam. Francisco de Avendaño y Vilela. En Sevilla por Francisco de Lyra, año de 1625." ; 27 "Relaçion de la jornada que ba haziendo la armada real a las partes del Brasil, que salio de la baya de Cadiz, martes á catorze de henero de seiscientos y veinte y cinco." ; 28 État-major des tercios de D. Juan de Orellana et D. Pedro Osorio et du tercio de Naples du marquis de Torrecusso, embarqués à Cadix pour le Brésil, le 14 janvier 1625 ; 29 "Brevis, succinta ac vera narratio expeditionis illius, quam quidam mercatores sub auspiciis et autoritate illustrium D. D. ordinum Holandiae, Zelandiae, etc. suseperunt in Brasilium, anno 1623." ; 30 Relation de combats entre Portugais et Hollandais sur les côtes du Brésil ; 31 Notes généalogiques sur les familles Costa, Correa de Moura et Moreno, communiquées au compilateur du recueil par D. Luis Lobo et D. Antonio Correa Barem ; 32 "Relaçaõ do que o capitaõ Francisco de Padilha fes en quanto andou nos asaltos ate a vinda da armada." 1624 ; 33 Relation de l'attaque de Sam Bento au Brésil, en 1625 ; 34 Relation de l'expédition des flottes espagnole et portugaise au Brésil et de la prise de San Salvador. 1625

Pathogen-induced hatching and population-specific life-history response to water-borne cues in brown trout (Salmo trutta)

Hatching is an important niche shift, and embryos in a wide range of taxa can either accelerate or delay this life-history switch in order to avoid stage-specific risks. Such behavior can occur in response to stress itself and to chemical cues that allow anticipation of stress. We studied the genetic organization of this phenotypic plasticity and tested whether there are differences among populations and across environments in order to learn more about the evolutionary potential of stress-induced hatching. As a study species, we chose the brown trout (Salmo trutta; Salmonidae). Gametes were collected from five natural populations (within one river network) and used for full-factorial in vitro fertilizations. The resulting embryos were either directly infected with Pseudomonas fluorescens or were exposed to waterborne cues from P. fluorescens-infected conspecifics. We found that direct inoculation with P. fluorescens increased embryonic mortality and induced hatching in all host populations. Exposure to waterborne cues revealed population-specific responses. We found significant additive genetic variation for hatching time, and genetic variation in trait plasticity. In conclusion, hatching is induced in response to infection and can be affected by waterborne cues of infection, but populations and families differ in their reaction to the latter.

Summa magistri Poncii Provincialis de dictamine, summa de constructione (11 v°), epistolarium (16). - Sermo de adventu (48).

Fonds non déterminé.

Plan de la ville de Paris divisé en 12 arrondissemens & 48 quartiers indiquant tous les changements faits (Nouvelle édition) / Dressée par Vicq, graveur géographe, éditeur

Échelle(s) : [ca 1:9 500] échelle de mille mètres, 1000 Mètres [= 10,5 cm]

Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Weekly Activity Report, November 29, 2008, Week 48

Weekly report of the Iowa Influenza Surveillance Network produced by the Iowa Department of Public Health.

A 48-week study of fat molecular alterations in HIV naïve patients starting tenofovir/emtricitabine with lopinavir/ritonavir or efavirenz: Greater deleterious effects of efavirenz.

S’han descrit informes contradictoris sobre els efectes d’Efavirenz (EFV) i lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) al teixit adipós subcutani (SAT). L’objectiu d’aquest estudi era evaluar els efectes moleculars i clínics de LPV/r i EFV, tots dos en combinació amb tenofovir/emtricitabina (TDF/FTC), sobre el SAT dels pacients infectats per VIH sense tractament antirretroviral previ. Després de 48 setmanes de tractament, TDF/FTC més LPV/r va augmentar de forma significativa el greix de les extremitats i els paràmetres lipídics, mentre que TDF/FTC/EFV només va augmentar de forma significativa el colesterol total i LDL. La expressió dels gens implicats en la diferenciació dels adipòcits i dels gens relacionats amb la mitocondria no va canviar de forma significativa en el SAT dels pacients exposats a LPV/r, mentre que Cyt b i els gens relacionats amb la imflamació estaven estimulats de forma significativa en el SAT dels pacients exposats a EFV.

Temperature-induced sex reversal is not responsible for sex-ratio distortions in grayling Thymallus thymallus or brown trout Salmo trutta.

On the basis of the experiments carried out over various years, it was concluded that (1) grayling Thymallus thymallus and brown trout Salmo trutta are resistant to temperature-induced sex reversal at ecologically relevant temperatures, (2) environmental sex reversal is unlikely to cause the persistent sex ratio distortion observed in at least one of the study populations and (3) sex-specific tolerance of temperature-related stress may be the cause of distorted sex ratios in populations of T. thymallus or S. trutta.

Friday Facts, January 29, 2010, Vol. 48

Bureau of Nutrition and Health Promotion part of the Iowa Department of Public Health produces of weekly newsletter about the Iowa WIC Program for the State of Iowa citizen.