Coastal retreat at the northern Baltic Sea between Flensburg and Travemünde

Long-term surveys of the coast bordering the western Baltic Sea in Schleswig-Holstein yielded extensive information over the retreat and condition of active cliffs. 181 cliffs with a total length of 148 km are present along the 55 km coastline including Fehmarn lsland and the Schlei Fjord. Depending on their temporal and spatial evolution, and geomorphological stability, the cliffs are subdivided in three separate classes - actively retreating escarpments, cliff Segments with potential for retreat and stable cliffs. 85 sections of the coastline with a total length of 59 km are classified as ,,active cliffs" that are undergoing retreat through natural erosion, collapse, and disintegration.

DATED-1: compilation of dates and time-slice reconstruction of the build-up and retreat of the last Eurasian (British-Irish, Scandinavian, Svalbard-Barents-Kara Seas) Ice Sheets 40-10 ka

DATED-1 comprises a compilation of dates related to the build-up and retreat of the Eurasian (British-Irish, Scandinavian, Svalbard-Barents-Kara Seas) Ice Sheets, and time-slice maps of the Eurasian Ice sheet margins. Dates are sourced from the published literature. Ice margins are based on published geological and chronological data and include uncertainty bounds (maximum, minimum) as well as what we consider to be the most-credible (mc) based on the available evidence. DATED-1 has a census date of 1 January 2013. Full description and caveats for use are given in: Hughes, A.L.C., Gyllencreutz, R., Lohne, Ø.S., Mangerud, J., Svendsen, J.I. (2015) The last Eurasian Ice Sheets - a chronological database and time-slice reconstruction, DATED-1.

Timing of the most recent Neoglacial advance and retreat in Potter Cove, Antarctic Peninsula

The timing of the most recent Neoglacial advance in the Antarctic Peninsula is important for establishing global climate teleconnections and providing important post-glacial rebound corrections to gravity-based satellite measurements of ice loss. However, obtaining accurate ages from terrestrial geomorphic and sedimentary indicators of the most recent Neoglacial advance in Antarctica has been hampered by the lack of historical records and the difficulty of dating materials in Antarctica. Here we use a new approach to dating flights of raised beaches in the South Shetland Islands of the northern Antarctic Peninsula to bracket the age of a Neoglacial advance that occurred between 1500 and 1700 AD, broadly synchronous with compilations for the timing of the Little Ice Age in the northern hemisphere. Our approach is based on optically stimulated luminescence of the underside of buried cobbles to obtain the age of beaches previously shown to have been deposited immediately inside and outside the moraines of the most recent Neoglacial advance. In addition, these beaches mark the timing of an apparent change in the rate of isostatic rebound thought to be in response to the same glacial advance within the South Shetland Islands. We use a Maxwell viscoelastic model of glacial-isostatic adjustment (GIA) to determine whether the rates of uplift calculated from the raised beaches are realistic given the limited constraints on the ice advance during this most recent Neoglacial advance. Our rebound model suggests that the subsequent melting of an additional 16-22% increase in the volume of ice within the South Shetland Islands would result in a subsequent uplift rate of 12.5 mm/yr that lasted until 1840 AD resulting in a cumulative uplift of 2.5 m. This uplift rate and magnitude are in close agreement with observed rates and magnitudes calculated from the raised beaches since the most recent Neoglacial advance along the South Shetland Islands and falls within the range of uplift rates from similar settings such as Alaska.

Annual report of the physician in charge of the Oxford Retreat, for the year ending ...

Latest issue consulted: 13th (1895).

Elizabeth in retreat,

Mode of access: Internet.

The history of the affairs of chuch and state in Scotland, from the beginning of the reformation in the reign of King James V. to the retreat of Queen Mary into England, anno 1568.

"Appendix, containing the original papers and records ... ": p.[1]-258 at end.

Prediction of shore retreat and nearshore profile adjustments to rising water levels on the Great Lakes /

"October 1980."

Changes in rates of shore retreat, Lake Michigan, 1967-76 /

Shorelines tend to retreat landward as water levels rise. Less than 20 percent of the shore, lost as Lake Michigan rose between 1967 and 1976, was due to direct inundation; the remaining 80 percent was due to increased erosion in response to the higher lake levels. A simple correlation of lake level change and simultaneous shore retreat ignores the inevitable lag between process and response, but still accounts for 50 percent of the variance in shore retreat. A graphic summary of field data is presented to estimate effects of future lake level changes in similar coastal environments. Qualitative guidance is provided on how and when these estimates should be adjusted to reflect differences in environmental settings. Complete adjustment of the shore will be underestimated by the empirical relationship; but where lake levels change constantly, there will be many such instances of incomplete shore response. (Author).

Small business at the crossroads; a study of the small business retreat of 1953-1955.

Mode of access: Internet.

Through Russian snows : a story of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow /

Mode of access: Internet.

Through Russian snows; a story of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow.

Mode of access: Internet.

America's retreat from victory;

Mode of access: Internet.