Ki-67 MIB1 labelling index and the prognosis of primary TaT1 urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Aims: To evaluate whether ki-67 labelling index (LI) has independent prognostic value for survival of patients with bladder urothelial tumours graded according to the 2004 World Health Organisation classification. Methods: Ki-67 LI was evaluated in 164 cases using the grid counting method. Non-invasive (stage Ta) tumours were: papilloma (n = 5), papillary urothelial neoplasia of low malignant potential (PUNLMP; n = 26), and low (LG; n = 34) or high grade (HG; n = 15) papillary urothelial carcinoma. Early invasive (stage T1) tumours were: LG (n = 58) and HG (n = 26) carcinoma. Statistical analysis included Fisher and x2 tests, and mean comparisons by ANOVA and t test. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed according to the Kaplan–Meier method with log rank test and Cox’s proportional hazard method. Results: Mean ki-67 LI increased from papilloma to PUNLMP, LG, and HG in stage Ta (p,0.0001) and from LG to HG in stage T1 (p = 0.013) tumours. High tumour proliferation (.13%) was related to greater tumour size (p = 0.036), recurrence (p = 0.036), progression (p = 0.035), survival (p = 0.054), and high p53 accumulation (p = 0.015). Ki-67 LI and tumour size were independent predictors of disease free survival (DFS), but only ki-67 LI was related to progression free survival (PFS). Cancer specific overall survival (OS) was related to ki-67 LI, tumour size, and p27kip1 downregulation. Ki-67 LI was the main independent predictor of DFS (p = 0.0005), PFS (p = 0.0162), and cancer specific OS (p = 00195). Conclusion: Tumour proliferation measured by Ki-67 LI is related to tumour recurrence, stage progression, and is an independent predictor of DFS, PFS, and cancer specific OS in TaT1 bladder urothelial cell carcinoma.

Hipertrofia benigna de próstata : cáncer de próstata : proceso asistencial integrado. 3ª ed

Publicado en la página web de la Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social: www.juntadeandalucia.es/salud (Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social / Profesionales / Nuestro Compromiso por la Calidad / Procesos Asistenciales Integrados)

A nutritional intervention study with hydrolyzed collagen in pre-pubertal Spanish children: influence on bone modeling biomarkers

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of dietary intake of commercial hydrolyzed collagen (Gelatine Royal ®) on bone remodeling in pre-pubertal children. Methods: A randomized double-blind study was carried out in 60 children (9.42 ± 1.31 years) divided into three groups according to the amount of partially hydrolyzed collagen taken daily for 4 months: placebo (G-I, n = 18), collagen (G-II, n = 20) and collagen + calcium (G-III, n = 22) groups. Analyses of the following biochemical markers were carried out: total and bone alkaline phosphatase (tALP and bALP), osteocalcin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), type I collagen carboxy terminal telopeptide, lipids, calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxin and intact parathormone. Results: There was a significantly greater increase in serum IGF-1 in G-III than in G II (p < 0.01) or G-I (p < 0.05) during the study period, and a significantly greater increase in plasma tALP in G-III than in G-I (p < 0.05). Serum bALP behavior significantly (p < 0.05) differed between G-II (increase) and G-I (decrease). Plasma TRAP behavior significantly differed between G-II and G-I (p < 0.01) and between G-III and G-II (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Daily dietary intake of hydrolyzed collagen seems to have a potential role in enhancing bone remodeling at key stages of growth and development.

Pla de difusió de la zona d'interès etnològic de Calonge i Vall-llobrega

Projecte on es desenvolupa el pla de difusió del futur Bé Cultural d'Interès Nacional (BCNI) en la seva categoria de Zona d'Interès Etnològic (ZIE) de Calonge i Vall-llobrega, basat en la tradició de la pagesia en el policultiui i especialment en l'elaboració del vi de forma ancestral, tal i com ja el feien als segles XVIII i XIX

Estudi de la problemàtica de terbolesa de l’estany del Cortalet

S’ha detectat un problema de terbolesa de les aigües de l’estany del Cortalet del PNAE. El sòl d’aquest estany és de tipus sòdic, si pateix alguna alteració és possible que es presenti una desmembració deguda a l’acció dispersant del sodi. Alguns estudis demostren que la vegetació actua com a agent estructurador d’aquest sòl i li dóna estabilitat al sediment. Segons això, podria ser que l’origen de la terbolesa de l’aigua fos causa d’aquesta acció dispersant del sodi en sòls mancats de vegetació. Per analitzar si aquesta és la causa de la terbolesa, s’ha dut a terme un assaig experimental in situ de les causes físiques de la terbolesa de l’aigua, on s’ha tractat d’aïllar una zona amb vegetació, d’una sense vegetació. Els resultats demostren que la terbolesa era major a les zones vegetades i descarten la hipòtesi de l’acció dispersant del sodi en el sediment en sòls mancats de vegetació. Els resultats en canvi suggereixen que les causes de la terbolesa podrien ser d’origen biològic. Atès que es troben diferències entre la producció primària planctònica generada pel fitoplàncton, i bentònica, generada per la biomassa algal

Factors associated with use of community mental health services by schizophrenia patients using multilevel analysis

BACKGROUND Persons with schizophrenia and related disorders may be particularly sensitive to a number of determinants of service use, including those related with illness, socio-demographic characteristics and organizational factors. The objective of this study is to identify factors associated with outpatient contacts at community mental health services of patients with schizophrenia or related disorders. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed 1097 patients. The main outcome measure was the total number of outpatient consultations during one year. Independent variables were related to socio-demographic, clinical and use of service factors. Data were collected from clinical records. RESULTS The multilevel linear regression model explained 46.35% of the variance. Patients with significantly more contacts with ambulatory services were not working and were receiving welfare benefits (p = 0.02), had no formal education (p = 0.02), had a global level of severity of two or three (four being the most severe) (p < 0.001), with one or more inpatient admissions (p < 0.001), and in contact with both types of professional (nurses and psychiatrists) (p < 0.001). The patients with the fewest ambulatory contacts were those with diagnoses of persistent delusional disorders (p = 0.04) and those who were attended by four of the 13 psychiatrists (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS As expected, the variables that explained the use of community service could be viewed as proxies for severity of illness. The most surprising finding, however, was that a group of four psychiatrists was also independently associated with use of ambulatory services by patients with schizophrenia or related disorders. More research is needed to carefully examine how professional support networks interact to affect use of mental health.

R-ESHAP as salvage therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the influence of prior exposure to rituximab on outcome. A GEL/TAMO study.

BACKGROUND The role of re-treatment with rituximab in aggressive B-cell lymphomas still needs to be defined. This study evaluated the influence of prior exposure to rituximab on response rates and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus etoposide, cytarabine, cisplatinum and methylprednisolone (R-ESHAP). DESIGN AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 163 patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who received R-ESHAP as salvage therapy with a curative purpose. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether rituximab had been administered (n=94, "R+" group) or not (n=69, "R-" group) prior to R-ESHAP. RESULTS Response rates were significantly higher in the R- group in the univariate but not in the multivariate analysis. In the analysis restricted to the R+ group, we observed very low complete remission and overall response rates in patients with primary refractory disease (8% and 33%, respectively), as compared to those in patients who were in first partial remission (41% and 86%) or who had relapsed disease (50% and 75%) (p<0.01 in both cases). Overall, 60% and 65% of patients in the R+ and R- groups, respectively, underwent stem-cell transplantation after the salvage therapy. With a median follow-up of 29 months (range, 6-84), patients in the R+ group had significantly worse progression-free survival (17% vs. 57% at 3 years, p<0.0001) and overall survival (38% v 67% at 3 years, p=0.0005) than patients in the R- group. Prior exposure to rituximab was also an independent adverse prognostic factor for both progression-free survival (RR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.2-3.3, p=0.008) and overall survival (RR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.3-3.9, p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS R-ESHAP was associated with a high response rate in patients who were not refractory to upfront rituximab-based chemotherapy. However, the survival outcome was poor for patients previously exposed to rituximab, as compared to in those who had not previously been treated with rituximab.

Intronic variants in the NFKB1 gene may influence hearing forecast in patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss in Meniere's disease.

Meniere's disease is an episodic vestibular syndrome associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and tinnitus. Patients with MD have an elevated prevalence of several autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriasis), which suggests a shared autoimmune background. Functional variants of several genes involved in the NF-κB pathway, such as REL, TNFAIP3, NFKB1 and TNIP1, have been associated with two or more immune-mediated diseases and allelic variations in the TLR10 gene may influence bilateral affectation and clinical course in MD. We have genotyped 716 cases of MD and 1628 controls by using the ImmunoChip, a high-density genotyping array containing 186 autoimmune loci, to explore the association of immune system related-loci with sporadic MD. Although no single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) reached a genome-wide significant association (p<10(-8)), we selected allelic variants in the NF-kB pathway for further analyses to evaluate the impact of these SNPs in the clinical outcome of MD in our cohort. None of the selected SNPs increased susceptibility for MD in patients with uni or bilateral SNHL. However, two potential regulatory variants in the NFKB1 gene (rs3774937 and rs4648011) were associated with a faster hearing loss progression in patients with unilateral SNHL. So, individuals with unilateral MD carrying the C allele in rs3774937 or G allele in rs4648011 had a shorter mean time to reach hearing stage 3 (>40 dB HL) (log-rank test, corrected p values were p = 0.009 for rs3774937 and p = 0.003 for rs4648011, respectively). No variants influenced hearing in bilateral MD. Our data support that the allelic variants rs3774937 and rs4648011 can modify hearing outcome in patients with MD and unilateral SNHL.

PoolStore : Supermercado virtual de productos de piscina con códigos QR

El proyecto denominado 'Supermercado virtual de productos de piscina con códigos QR en Android' pretende generar una serie de lineales con las fotografías de los diferentes productos con los precios y asociarlos a su código QR.

The transcriptome of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices (DAOM 197198) reveals functional tradeoffs in an obligate symbiont.

? The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is arguably the most ecologically important eukaryotic symbiosis, yet it is poorly understood at the molecular level. To provide novel insights into the molecular basis of symbiosis-associated traits, we report the first genome-wide analysis of the transcriptome from Glomus intraradices DAOM 197198. ? We generated a set of 25,906 nonredundant virtual transcripts (NRVTs) transcribed in germinated spores, extraradical mycelium and symbiotic roots using Sanger and 454 sequencing. NRVTs were used to construct an oligoarray for investigating gene expression. ? We identified transcripts coding for the meiotic recombination machinery, as well as meiosis-specific proteins, suggesting that the lack of a known sexual cycle in G. intraradices is not a result of major deletions of genes essential for sexual reproduction and meiosis. Induced expression of genes encoding membrane transporters and small secreted proteins in intraradical mycelium, together with the lack of expression of hydrolytic enzymes acting on plant cell wall polysaccharides, are all features of G. intraradices that are shared with ectomycorrhizal symbionts and obligate biotrophic pathogens. ? Our results illuminate the genetic basis of symbiosis-related traits of the most ancient lineage of plant biotrophs, advancing future research on these agriculturally and ecologically important symbionts.

L'estigmatització de la prostitució als mitjans de comunicació. Estudi de cas

El dia 1 de setembre del 2009, el diari El País publicava en portada unes imatges de prostitutes practicant sexe al mercat de la Boqueria. Arrel d‘aquestes fotografies la resta de mitjans de comunicació œpremsa escrita però també televisions autonòmiques i estatals-se‘n van fer ressò i l‘atenció mediàtica es va centrar en el què passava al Raval. Aquest estudi se centra a analitzar les notícies publicades pels diaris El País, La Vanguardia i dels informatius de TV3 durant els 11 dies que va durar la polèmica per veure quina imatge projecten de les dones que es dediquen al treball sexual. Els resultats apunten que els discursos predominants en els mitjans de comunicació que relacionen a la prostituta com a víctima i a la prostituta com a culpable contribueixen a l‘estigmatització del col·lectiu.

El càncer de coll d'úter sota el microscòpi

 Treball de recerca realitzat per un alumne d’ensenyament secundari i guardonat amb un Premi CIRIT per fomentar l'esperit científic del Jovent l’any 2010. L’objectiu del treball ha estat estudiar i analitzar els diferents aspectes del càncer de cèrvix en profunditat, sobretot l'estudi citològic com a part del diagnòstic. L’ estudi teòric ha permès analitzar les generalitats de tots els tipus de càncer i la zona on es localitza el càncer de coll d'úter. Posteriorment, l’observació de les cèl•lules a través del microscopi ha permès deduir el tipus de cèl•lula o lesió de vint mostres diferents a partir de les característiques analitzades. S’han realitzat fotografies de les cèl•lules observades.

Briòfits de les fonts del Montsant

 Treball de recerca realitzat per un alumne d’ensenyament secundari i guardonat amb un Premi CIRIT per fomentar l'esperit científic del Jovent l’any 2010. Els briòfits, grup que engloba les molses i les hepàtiques, són els vegetals més desconeguts tot i la seva importància en el manteniment dels ecosistemes naturals i com bioindicadors de qualitat ambiental. Aquest desconeixement és degut en bona part a la dificultat que representa la seva classificació que comporta acurades observacions microscòpiques.Aquest treball es centra en l'estudi dels briòfits recol•lectats en fonts de la Serra de Montsant (Priorat) per tal d'observar-ne la biodiversitat i permetre l'obtenció d'imatges macro i microscòpiques d'aquests vegetals. El treball de camp ha comportat la recollida de mostres i dades mediambientals en 14 fonts del massís. S'ha procedit a la catalogació del material que ha suposat la realització d'unes 850 fotografies obtingudes amb el microscopi i la lupa binocular amb el programa Motic-Image Plus. Això ha servit per realitzar una guia on s'exposen de forma gràfica les principals morfologies referides als esporòfits, fil•lidis, caulidis, formes macroscòpiques... que pot servir de gran utilitat a estudiants que s'enfrontin per primera vegada a l'estudi de les molses. En total s'han catalogat 34 espècies a les fonts del Montsant. De cadascuna s'ha elaborat una detallada fitxa descriptiva amb les seves característiques ecològiques, imatges de camp, amb lupa i microscopi. Tot i la manca d'experiència, que ens fa pensar en la necessitat que un expert revisi el treball, s'han trobat 21 espècies que seria la primera citació bibliogràfica al Montsant i 8 d'elles són inèdites a la província de Tarragona segons el Banc de Dades de Biodiversitat de Catalunya.

Els ocells a Sitges: una guia d'identificació d'espècies

Treball de recerca realitzat per un alumne d’ensenyament secundari i guardonat amb un Premi CIRIT per fomentar l'esperit científic del Jovent l’any 2010. L’objectiu de treball ha estat fer un llistat tan exhaustiu com fos possible de les espècies d'ocells de Sitges, amb les seves fotografies identificatives, per saber diferenciar-los, els seus grups taxonòmics principals, i els seus hàbitats o ecosistemes on trobar-los.