941 resultados para Programmes académiques
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Context: The debate about the balance of risks and benefits of mammography screening has prompted a comprehensive review by an independent panel in the UK. However, the panel's remit did not cover the important economic dimension of breast cancer screening. Methods: The life histories of two cohort studies of 50-year-old women, who would be eligible within the National Health Service (NHS) breast screening programme (NHSBSP), were simulated over 35 years, using a life table approach. One cohort participant was offered screening at age 50 and triennially thereafter until age 70, assuming 75% attendance, while the other received no screening. Based on the findings from the panel's report, the cost-effectiveness of the NHSBSP was assessed for various scenarios of screening effect on breast cancer incidence (base case scenario: screening advances diagnosis by 5 years; 10% incidence reduction after screening stops).
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BACKGROUND The rate of avoidable caesarean sections (CS) could be reduced through multifaceted strategies focusing on the involvement of health professionals and compliance with clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Quality improvements for CS (QICS) programmes (QICS) based on this approach, have been implemented in Canada and Spain. OBJECTIVES Their objectives are as follows: 1) Toto identify clusters in each setting with similar results in terms of cost-consequences, 2) Toto investigate whether demographic, clinical or context characteristics can distinguish these clusters, and 3) Toto explore the implementation of QICS in the 2 regions, in order to identify factors that have been facilitators in changing practices and reducing the use of obstetric intervention, as well as the challenges faced by hospitals in implementing the recommendations. METHODS Descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach. 1) Cluster analysis at patient level with data from 16 hospitals in Quebec (Canada) (n = 105,348) and 15 hospitals in Andalusia (Spain) (n = 64,760). The outcome measures are CS and costs. For the cost, we will consider the intervention, delivery and complications in mother and baby, from the hospital perspective. Cluster analysis will be used to identify participants with similar patterns of CS and costs based, and t tests will be used to evaluate if the clusters differed in terms of characteristics: Hospital level (academic status of hospital, level of care, supply and demand factors), patient level (mother age, parity, gestational age, previous CS, previous pathology, presentation of the baby, baby birth weight). 2) Analysis of in-depth interviews with obstetricians and midwives in hospitals where the QICS were implemented, to explore the differences in delivery-related practices, and the importance of the different constructs for positive or negative adherence to CPGs. Dimensions: political/management level, hospital level, health professionals, mothers and their birth partner. DISCUSSION This work sets out a new approach for programme evaluation, using different techniques to make it possible to take into account the specific context where the programmes were implemented.
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This paper presents the main results of a study that relates information from the prison system with information for the Spanish Social Security in order to study the employability of the former inmates of prisons in Catalonia, Spain who obtained final release from 1/1/2004 to 31/12/2007. The results show that 43.6% of the ex-prisoners find a job after serving their sentences, but their integration in the labour market tends to be fragile, confirming that it is a very vulnerable group. It was also found that prison work has a favourable effect on employability and that vocational training could be useful for those who have not previously worked and have no education or job skills.
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La réflexion sur la biographie a connu un renouvellement important ces vingt dernières années dans plusieurs disciplines. Florissant sur le marché ditorial, ce genre ancien trouve aujourd'hui des formes nouvelles, nourries de la galaxie des sciences humaines contemporaines, comme en témoigne l'ouvrage de François Dosse, Le Pari biographique (La Découverte, 2005). Genre fondateur en histoire de l'art, la biographie est pratiquée peu ou prou dans la plupart des disciplines des lettres. Bonne raison pour se pencher de manière interdisciplinaire sur le genre et sa pratique. La vogue des éloges académiques au XVIIIe siècle, et la profusion du discours biographique sur les artistes à l'orée du Romantisme ont ouvert la voie à la fameuse «méthode biographique» de Sainte-Beuve, et à sa reconversion dans les programmes d'enseignement, par le biais de Gustave Lanson et de ses émules. Inculqué à des générations d'élèves, devenu une structure invisible de l'entendement universitaire dans les disciplines littéraires, le couple « la vie et l'oeuvre » a été sévèrement reconsidéré, au XXe siècle, par les approches formalistes, structuralistes ou sociologiques. Qu'en est-il de ce genre actuellement? Comment les travaux de littéraires, d'historiens, d'historiens de l'art, de philosophes envisagent-ils les données biographiques?
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Collection : Collection d'instructions et de manuels pédagogiques
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Collection : Collection d'instructions et de manuels pédagogiques
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Collection : Collection d'instructions et de manuels pédagogiques
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[Table des matières] 1. Introduction. 2. Concepts et modèles d'ancrage. 3. Méthode. 4. Analyse de l'ancrage des programmes. 4.1 Programme Prévention des dépendances dans les communes (RADIX). 4.2 Programme Voilà. 4.3 Programme Fil rouge. 4.4 Programme Funtasy Projects. 4.5 Programme-cadre Ecoles et santé / REES-CH. 4.6 La "Formation des médiateurs scolaires de Suisse romande et du Tessin" et le Projet "Médication" (Ecoles et santé). 4.7 Programme "Drogue ou Sport?", Service "Drogues et sport", Programme "Sport et drogues" / LaOla. 4.8 Les projets soutenus par le Bureau suisse pour la réduction des risques liés aux drogues (OSEO). 4.9 Matériel de prévention de la toxicomanie produit par l'ISPA. 5. Conclusions : Les éléments transversaux d'ancrage des programmes. 6. Annexes.