Productivity of irrigated beans due to sources of stabilized nitrogen fertilizer and controlled release

ABSTRACT New nitrogen fertilizers are available in the market actually, however, does not have results on the efficiency of the Cerrado conditions. With that objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of urea including stabilized and controlled release urea on yield of irrigated common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L) in no-tillage system. The experiment was conducted in the winter crop, at Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, in Santo Antônio de Goiás, State of Goiás, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five replicates. Treatments consisted of five N sources (urea, urea + NBPT, urea + polymer, ammonium sulphate, and ammonium nitrate) and a control (without N) being applied 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing and 80 kg ha-1 onf N in topdressing. We evaluated the chlorophyll content in leaves of common beans, the leaf N content and dry mass weight (MSPA) in the flowering of common beans, the number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of 100 grains, grain yield and final stand of the common beans. The sources of nitrogen fertilizer did not influence, leaf N content, the mass of MSPA and the relative chlorophyll index of common beans. The use of polymerized urea and urea with urease inhibitor, did not produce increases in the number of grains per pod, number of pods per plant, mass of 100 grains and common beans yield compared to traditional sources of N, urea, ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate.

Frequency, diversity, and productivity study on the Aedes aegypti most preferred containers in the city of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

The most preferred containers by Aedes aegypti were studied April and July (rainy and dry periods) in two Manaus neighbourhoods. In all, 2,700 premises and 13,912 containers were examined, most (87%) recorded outdoors. Out of the 13,100 inspected premises, only 1.6% showed to be positive for Aedes aegypti, summing up to 7,916 collected samples. Most frequently found containers outdoors in either neighbourhood regardless of rain or dry period were Bottles flasks and Storage, and indoors, Fixed, Flowerpots, and buckets. Productivity was estimated according to the number of premises and positive containers investigated, showing the actual container groups productivity. Considering both rainy and dry periods outdoors at Praça 14 the groups of Tyre, Flask, Bottle, Construction Equipment and Fixed, had the highest averages respectively. Construction Equipment and Flask groups were the most productive in Coroado in April. Flask, Construction Equipment and Storage groups stood out in July.

Impacts of climate change scenarios on terrestrial productivity and biomass for energy in the Iberian Peninsula: assessment through the JSBACH model

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia do Ambiente, Perfil de Gestão e Sistemas Ambientais

Protectionism and the productivity of the automotive industry in Brazil

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Use of swine waste-derived biogas to enhance microalgae productivity.

The effects of swine wastewater-derived biogas on microalgae productivity were determined. Experiments were conducted in a closed photobioreactor containing digestate effluent as culturing media and biogas in the headspaceas source of CO2. Experiments were carried out under mixothrophic and autothrophic conditions. Results showed that autotrophic growth rate (0.6 d-1)was twofoldfaster than mixotrophic. Frequent reinjections of biogas containing up to 2,000 ppm of hydrogen sulfide was not inhibitory to microalgae growth. The rapid removal of H2S in the system suggests photobioreactors can be an interesting alternative to biogas purification. A model to estimate microalgae productivity based on the amount of available CO2, inorganic and organic carbon was developedand showed good data fit correlation (r²= 0.99).

Macroalgal (Enteromorpha spp. and Ulva spp.) primary productivity in the Ria Formosa Lagoon

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ecologia, Gestão e Modelação dos Recursos Marinhos

Productivity gains from migration: An analysis of Cape Verdean return migrants

Are return migrants more productive than non-migrants? If so, is it a causal effect or simply self-selection? Existing literature has not reached a consensus on the role of return migration for origin countries. To answer these research questions, an empirical analysis was performed based on household data collected in Cape Verde. One of the most common identification problems in the migration literature is the presence of migrant self-selection. In order to disentangle potential selection bias, we use instrumental variable estimation using variation provided by unemployment rates in migrant destination countries, which is compared with OLS and Nearest Neighbor Matching (NNM) methods. The results using the instrumental variable approach provide evidence of labour income gains due to return migration, while OLS underestimates the coefficient of interest. This bias points towards negative self-selection of return migrants on unobserved characteristics, although the different estimates cannot be distinguished statistically. Interestingly, migration duration and occupational changes after migration do not seem to influence post-migration income. There is weak evidence that return migrants from the United States have higher income gains caused by migration than the ones who returned from Portugal.

Portugal: Postdoc rights need not hurt productivity

[Excerpt] Portugal’s government is on the verge of a historic process, recognizing at last that postdoctoral researchers should have the same rights as the rest of the country’s workforce (see go.nature.com/famkkn; in Portuguese). In defiance of European Union practice, more than 90% of these early-career scientists are currrently classed as ‘advanced students’ and funded by student scholarships. (...)

Estrategias para el mejoramiento de la producción de maní mediante la inoculación de microorganismos biofertilizantes y controladores de enfermedades fúngicas. Strategies to the Improvement of the peanut productivity through of inoculation with microorganism biofertilizers and controllers of fungal diseases.

El cultivo de maní es de gran importancia en la provincia de Córdoba. En los últimos años, la pérdida de rendimiento del cultivo en la región centro debido a la degradación de los suelos, la incidencia de enfermedades causadas por hongos y la erosión hídrica y eólica ha desplazado el área de siembra hacia el sur de la provincia. La hipótesis planteada en este proyecto es que la diversidad de bacterias que habitan la rizósfera y/o los tejidos de maní constituye una fuente para la selección de aquéllos que, por sus propiedades fisiológicas y metabólicas, permitan mejorar el rendimiento del cultivo, actuando como biocontroladores de fitopatógenos o biofertilizantes. Los objetivos propuestos son: 1) Evaluar y caracterizar la actividad antifúngica en una población previamente seleccionada de microorganismos del suelo del área manisera de Córdoba para su utilización en el desarrollo de prácticas sustentables tendientes a optimizar la producción de dicho cultivo mediante funciones biocontroladoras. 2) Seleccionar bacterias nativas nodulantes de maní competitivas y eficientes en la fijación y asimilación de nitrógeno en maní para ser utilizadas como un inoculante potencial. La metodología a utilizar consistirá en ensayos de interacción planta-microorganismos usando técnicas moleculares y bioquímicas. Los estudios sobre el conocimiento de la biodiversidad del suelo en el área manisera aportarán herramientas para una transición hacia una agricultura sustentable, generándose un catálogo de bacterias simbióticas y de vida libre que muestran actividad PGPR y que podrían ser empleadas como biofertilizantes o biocontroladoras de fitopatógenos. Ello podría constituir un importante impulso en la economía regional, la cual se basa principalmente en la explotación agrícola.

Effects of growth regulators on productivity of soybean (Glycine max cv. Davis) under competition

The effects of growth substances on productivity of 'Davis' soybean maintained under competition was investigated. Before the flowering, Agrostemmin (1 g/10 ml/3 1), gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm were applied. At the flower anthesis, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm was applied. Other two applications with TIBA, with intervals of four days, were realized. The growth regulators did not affect the productivity of 'Davis' soybean maintened under competition. The competition among plants did not affect the stem dry weight and number of pods, and seeds. The competition reduced weight of pods without seeds, seed weight, and weight of 100 seeds.

Peanut (Araohis hypogaea cv. Tatu-53) productivity under nutrient foliar sprays containing growth regulators

Two nutrient foliar sprays, namely Ferti-Foliage (21-21 -21) and Wuxal (9-9-7), were applied to peanut plants under field conditions. Both were applied 23 days after germination of seeds, at the beginning of flowering, and during flowering. Other treatments were application of NPK fertilizer (9-30-16, 250 kg/ha) into the soil and check (no fertilizer). The experiment was carried out on a latosolic B "Terra Roxa" soil, sowing being made on March 6th and harvest on July 10th. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences amongst treatments. However, certain treatments had better yields. For instance, application of Ferti-Foliage showed a tendency to increasing number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Same product when applied at the beginning of flowering had a tendency to increase production of seeds and of forage. Application of NPK (9-30-16) into the soil showed similar results.

Effects of nutrient foliar sprays containing growth regulators on productivity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. Tatu-53)

The effects of the application of a macronutrient foliar spray combined with micronutrients and growth regulators (Unifol) on peanut grown in a soil with high fertility were investigated. A control without fertilizer and a soil fertilization (250 kg/ha) with NPK 9-30-16 were also established. Other treatments were as follows: Unifol fertilizer (18-12 16) applied 23 days after germination: Unifol (18-12-6) applied at the beginning of flowering; Unifol (18-12-6) applied during flowering, and Unifol (18-12-6) applied 23 days after germination plus Unifol (7-23-7) at the beginning of flowering. No significant differences were found amongst treatments, but certain treatments showed higher productivity e given Unifol fertilizer (18-12-6) applied 23 days after germination plus Unifol (7-23-7) at the flower anthesis. In this treatment, the number of pods, weight of seeds and production of seeds were higher. Best production of forage occurred in the treatment receiving soil fertilization.