Comparison of passive millimeter-wave and IR imagery in a nautical environment

Results are presented from a trial in which a real-time passive millimetre-wave camera was mounted on a landing craft. The vessel was operated on rivers in the UK, and imagery of surrounding terrain, structures, obstacles and other vessels was obtained. An IR camera was also used, and the differences in signatures of various features are discussed. Opportunities for image fusion are highlighted.

譚天Tan tian.Herschell's Outlines of Astronomy.

Traduction d'Alexander Wylie (1815-1887), rédigée par Li Shan lan. Préface anglaise de Wylie, écrite à Shang hai (décembre 1859), suivie d'une note relative à la publication des Chinois 4885 et 4886. Vocabulaire de termes techniques. Préface Chinoise de Wylie (1859). Texte et figures ; les planches hors texte sont tirées sur papier européen. Imprimé en caractères mobiles, dans la maison Mo hai.18 livres.

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Astronomy.

La Astronomía estudia el universo por medio de telescopios y sondas espaciales. Se compone de diferentes disciplinas como la astrobiología, la cosmología y la astrofísica. Aquí se explica cómo ayuda a desentrañar los secretos del espacio y debatir sobre cómo empezó el universo, cuál será su final y la posibilidad de vida en otros planetas.

Astronomy.

Examina la historia de esta ciencia considerada la más antigua de todas por el interés que desde la antigüedad ha suscitado en los hombres el conocimiento de los complejos movimientos de los objetos celestiales.También, se repasan los orígenes del universo con la violenta explosión ocurrida hace billones de años, llamada Big Bang. Se estudia el sistema solar, formado de planetas, lunas e innumerables cuerpos más pequeños como asteroides y cometas. Se completa con una observación de las estrellas y galaxias en el cielo de la noche, con cartas estelares y perfiles de constelaciones y, por último, se añade una guía con la posición mes a mes de las constelaciones septentrionales y australes.

Patrick Moore's astronomy.

Guía que proporciona todo lo que se necesita saber para investigar el Sol, Luna, cometas, planetas y estrellas, y aprender a observarlos. Cada capitulo se inicia con información sobre lo que se va a aprender, y termina con lo que se debe recordar.

Interference filters and coatings for mid-infrared astronomy (8-30µm)

The VISIR instrument for the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) is a thermal-infrared imager and spectrometer currently being developed by the French Service d'Astrophysique of CEA Saclay, and Dutch NFRA ASTRON Dwingeloo consortium. This cryogenic instrument will employ precision infrared bandpass filters in the N-( =7.5-14µm) and Q-( =16-28µm) band mid-IR atmospheric windows to study interstellar and circumstellar environments crucial for star and planetary formation theories. As the filters in these mid-IR wavelength ranges are of interest to many astronomical cryogenic instruments, a worldwide astronomical filter consortium was set up with participation from 12 differing institutes, each requiring instrument specific filter operating environments and optical metrology. This paper describes the design and fabrication methods used to manufacture these astronomical consortium filters, including the rationale for the selection of multilayer coating designs, temperature-dependant optical properties of the filter materials and FTIR spectral measurements showing the changes in passband and blocking performance on cooling to <50K. We also describe the development of a 7-14µm broadband antireflection coating deposited on Ge lenses and KRS-5 grisms for cryogenic operation at 40K

William Clark Russell and Chambers's Journal: elopement and the Victorian nautical novel

This essay examines aspects of the serialisation of the novels of William Clark Russell, the greatest late Victorian nautical novelist. Focusing on the treatment of his work by the Edinburgh firm of Messrs Chambers, the article provides an illuminating perspective on market censorship in this period. Drawing on the archives of Chatto & Windus and the literary agent A.P. Watt, it traces the network of relations between author, agent, magazine editor and book publisher, showing how the various components of the serial market operated in the late 1880s and early 1890s.

Cooled filters 16-42µm for FIR astronomy

The design and manufacture of dielectric-film interference filters for cooled FIR stronmy is described. The bands are 16.5-21.5µm, 17.5-19.5µm, 19.5-21.5µm and 27µm cut on. The films are PbTe/CdSe and the substrates are CdTe (some 1/2 mm thick), without absorption in the region: KRS-6 films are used for antireflection.

The objectives of the US Exploring Expedition's circumnavigation (1838-1842): longitude, nautical charting and the establishment of modern geographic coordinates

This article analyzes the main objectives of the scientific voyage to circumnavigate the earth, undertaken by the United States from 1838 to 1842. Charting was one of the most important of the scientific and strategic goals of the exploratory voyage. The initiative for the undertaking was the search for exact positioning on the high seas after the establishment of the longitude system, when nautical charts and maps from various countries were compared, and other, new ones were drawn. The United States participated in this international effort, leading to the creation of its own cartographic system.