996 resultados para Mango (Firma)


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The effects of mango seed extract (MSE) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on pH, lipid oxidation, and color of Bologna-type mortadella during refrigerated storage for 21 days were studied. Bologna-type mortadella samples were formulated to contain 0.1% MSE, 0.2% MSE, or 0.01% BHT. After 14 days of storage, the products containing MSE 0.1 or 0.2% had higher pH values than those containing BHT 0.01%. Lipid oxidation values increased with storage time but were not affected by the type of antioxidant. The highest values for color parameter L* were observed for mortadella containing BHT 0.01% after 7, 14, and 21 days of storage. Values for the color parameters a* and b* tended to decrease during mortadella storage. Products containing 0.1 or 0.2% MSE showed higher values for color parameter a* and lower values for color parameter b* compared to those containing 0.01% BHT. It can be concluded that MSE can be used in 0.1 or 0.2% levels in Bologna-type mortadella with similar or better antioxidant effects than those of BHT 0.01%.

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Solid mixtures for refreshment are already totally integrated to the Brazilian consumers' daily routine, because of their quick preparation method, yield and reasonable price - quite lower if compared to 'ready-to-drink' products or products for prompt consumption, what makes them economically more accessible to low-income populations. Within such a context, the aim of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical and mineral composition, as well as the hygroscopic behavior of four different brands of solid mixture for mango refreshment. The BET, GAB, Oswim and Henderson mathematical models were built through the adjustment of experimental data to the isotherms of adsorption. Results from the physiochemical evaluation showed that the solid mixtures for refreshments are considerable sources of ascorbic acid and reductor sugar; and regarding mineral compounds, they are significant sources of calcium, sodium and potassium. It was also verified that the solid mixtures for refreshments of the four studied brands are considered highly hygroscopic.

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This study investigated the degradation kinetics of the sensory attributes of commercial whole mango (cv. Ubá) juice and evaluated its sensory acceptability during storage. Samples of the product were stored in a BOD incubator at 25, 35, and 45 ºC under 24 hours light (650 lux) for 120 days. Sensory analyses (Quantitative Descriptive Analysis - QDA) were conducted with trained panel and consumers. The correlations between sensory and physicochemical characteristics (instrumental color and vitamin C content) were also assessed. Flavor, aroma, and color vary with temperature and time of storage. Aroma and flavor were most affected by temperature with values of Q10 and Ea equal to 4.16 and 25.31 kcal.mol-1; and 3.61 and 22.80 kcal.mol-1, respectively. The sensory changes observed by the trained panel are related to the degradation of vitamin C and changes in the color coordinates (L* and ΔE*) of mango juice. However, consumers were unable to detect changes in the overall quality of the juices. It was observed that the QDA can be a useful tool to assess shelf-life.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pressurization on the concentration of some antioxidant compounds and the antiradical efficiency during the ripening process of 'Ataulfo' mango. The fruits at physiological maturity stage were pressurized at 15, 30, or 60 MPa for 10 or 20 min. Control fruits were not pressurized. The fruits were stored at 25 °C and changes in the concentration of ascorbic acid, total phenols, total flavonoids, total carotenoids, and antiradical efficiency were evaluated. It was demonstrated that in 'Ataulfo' mango high hydrostatic pressure treatments at 60 and 30 MPa for 20 minutes induced the synthesis of ascorbic acid during storage maybe as a consequence of physiological changes and possible structural modification of the cells, while the fruits pressurized at 15 MPa showed no effect on this parameter. On the other hand, the use of 15 MPa for 10 minutes increased the synthesis of phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, and antiradical efficiency in 'Ataulfo' mango compared to that of the control fruit. In conclusion, this behavior seemed to be due to the low hydrostatic pressure treatments (15 Mpa), which stimulated the synthesis of antioxidants in the mango fruit and ripening was not inhibited.

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The equilibrium moisture content for adsorption and desorption isotherms of mango skin was determined using the static gravimetric method at temperatures of 20, 26, 33, 38 and 44 oC in the 0.056 to 0.873 water activity range. Both sorption curves show a decrease in equilibrium moisture content as the temperature increasing. The hysteresis effect was observed at constant water activity. The Guggenheim, Anderson, and de Boer (GAB) model presented the best fitting accuracy among a group of models and was used to determine the thermodynamic properties of water sorption. Integral enthalpy and integral entropy areas showed inverted values for the adsorption and desorption isotherms over the wide range of water activity studied. These values confirm, in energetic terms, the difference between adsorption and desorption isotherms observed in the hysteresis phenomenon. Finally, the Gibbs free energy revealed that the sorption process was spontaneous for both sorption isotherms.

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The presence of dietary fiber (DF) in the food matrix of some tropical fruits plays an important role in the release and absorption of its bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds (PCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the DF fractions in mango cv. ‘Ataulfo’, papaya cv. ‘Maradol’ and pineapple cv. ‘Esmeralda’, on the bioaccessibility of their PCs and antioxidant capacity (AOXC) under an in vitro digestion model. The highest PCs content and AOXC was found in mango (274.30 mg GAE/100 g FW), followed by papaya (212 mg GAE//100 g FW), and pineapple (107.63 mg GAE/100 g FW), respectively. About 50% of the total PCs in all fruits was released at gastric phase, increasing closer to 60% at intestinal phase in mango and pineapple. However, the highest content of PCs associated to DF was found in mango (2.48 mg GAE/100 g FW) compared with papaya DF fractions (0.96 GAE/100 g FW) and pineapple (0.52 GAE/100 g FW). The presence of DF in mango, papaya and pineapple did not represent a major limitation on the bioaccessibility of its PCs according to the in vitro digestion model used in this study.

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This paper analyzes the growth of the firm by foreign trade. The theory of Adrian Wood is revisited for the analysis of growth and profit trade-off and improved to cope with growth by exports. The main outcome of this paper is that low domestic demand can be a very important factor to firm choices growth by foreign market. However, the growth of domestic demand does not necessarily reduce exports.

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Servicios registrales

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Tesis ( Maestría en Derecho Público) U.A.N.L.

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Esta monografía aborda el estudio de la guerra que se suscitó en 1932 entre Colombia y Perú, por la invasión de un grupo de peruanos en Leticia. Las circunstancias históricas, políticas y económicas, desempeñaron un papel muy importante ya que Colombia y Perú enfrentaron un conflicto bélico en medio de la gran depresión económica mundial. En 1922 con la firma del Tratado Lozano Salomón se establecieron las fronteras entre ambos Estados. Pese a esto el 1 de septiembre de 1932 ciudadanos de Loreto inconformes con dicho Tratado, invadieron Leticia lo que conllevo el repudio de la comunidad internacional y el apoyo de la Sociedad de Naciones y Brasil para que la situación se resolviera de la mejor manera posible, y evitando en cualquier caso una confrontación de grandes proporciones. La teoría del Realismo de Hans Morgenthau y más específicamente el concepto del interés nacional explica como Colombia defendió en todo momento su interés nacional, de igual manera el autor Clausewitz con conceptos claves como que es la guerra, la guerra como continuación de la política por otros medios, y los objetivos políticos y militares en común darán al lector una aproximación teórica para explicar el tema de esta monografía. Finalmente la guerra que se suscitó en 1932, concluyó favorablemente a los intereses colombianos, gracias a papel que desempeñaron actores claves, que apelaron siempre al derecho internacional y a las instancias internacionales.

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Este documento es el la primera parte del proyecto de Municipio saludable y polo de desarrollo local en la fase de Matriz de Marco Lógico, para el municipio de Mesitas del Colegio. Busca encontrar soluciones al problema de comercialización de mango que existe en los productores de la región, a través del uso de la metodología de marco lógico. Luego de realizar un análisis profundo, se encontró, que: la falla principal, es la inexistencia de un modelo de comercialización, lo cual implica un desconocimiento de los canales de distribución, los agentes que intervienen en este proceso y otros aspectos técnicos que impiden el crecimiento de la asociación y de los productores. Debido a esto, a través del proyecto se plantea, que: lo más importante para solucionar este problema, es crear un modelo de comercialización de mango, que permita mejorar el precio de venta del producto, conocer su costo de producción, aumentar la rentabilidad que se obtiene por la venta de este y generar un poder de negociación por medio del posicionamiento de marca de la Asociación. Para llevar a cabo, este proyecto, es necesario que se integren los productores de mago a la Asociación y que exista compromiso por parte de los integrantes, lo cual mejorará el poder de negociación en el mercado. Finalmente queda el proyecto en poder de los productores, la asociación y el gobierno, para que ellos realicen las diferentes actividades propuestas y logren cumplir con los objetivos aquí planteados.

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La presente monografía pretende realizar un análisis de la perpetuación del conflicto interno en Sudán bajo la categoría de Estado fallido, además de preguntarse acerca de los elementos ligados a éste fenómeno tras el acuerdo global de paz firmado en 2005. Para tal propósito se considerarán aspectos como la historia, la cual no sólo representa una explicación del pasado sino que también constituye una guía para los procesos actuales. Más aún, intentará poner en relieve el contexto bajo el cual fue suscrito tal acuerdo, los puntos fallidos y la posibilidad de asegurar que éste no fue exitoso. Asimismo es importante mencionar que ésta monografía no busca asociar directamente éste Estado con el paradigma moderno de Estado fallido, el cual normalmente involucra el estudio del terrorismo. Esta sólo usa ciertas categorías conocidas de la susodicha teoría a fin de explicar el funcionamiento del conflicto armado y de ésta manera obtener una explicación, en la medida de lo posible, acerca del porqué los acuerdos suscritos para dar término al conflicto no han rendido los frutos esperados.

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Monografía de Grado de Relaciones Internacionales que muestra la Influencia de la Agenda Internacional Ambiental en la configuración de la Agenda Nacional Ambiental, específicamente para la protección de los Humedales en Colombia, a partir del año 1971, con la firma de la Convención Ramsar