Impactos da adoção da INTERNET na hotelaria : a percepção dos gerentes de hotéis de médio e grande porte de Natal / RN

The hotel industry is increasingly using the Internet like a management and operational tool. That way, the hotels will be more prepared to offer quality services to their guests and increase their profits as well. However, many managers seem don t perceive the advantages brought from this new digital environment. This thesis analyse the effects of the hotel managers perceptions as for the Internet effectiveness, Internet access, Internet as a communication tool, future importance of the Internet, benefits and drawbacks of the Internet, according to property type (simple, medium comfort and luxe), property size (quantity of the apartaments), age and hotel industry experience of the managers. The methodology utilized was a survey about the hotels that had at least 40 apartments (medium and big property size), were working in Natal-RN and classified in categories in the Guia Quatro Rodas Brasil, totalizing 35 hotels. Through the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test, the results showed that the hotel managers with more than 50 apartments, the managers of the hotel more comfortable, the younger managers and the managers less experient in the hotel industry, demonstrated more conscious about the importance of the adoption of the Internet than the rest of the others. The contribution of this work is to offer more knowledge to the hotel executives about how they can use the Internet and show the importance of the web adoption in their properties

Evolving Future Internet clean-slate Entity Title Architecture with quality-oriented control-plane extensions

A Internet atual vem sofrendo vários problemas em termos de escalabilidade, desempenho, mobilidade, etc., devido ao vertiginoso incremento no número de usuários e o surgimento de novos serviços com novas demandas, propiciando assim o nascimento da Internet do Futuro. Novas propostas sobre redes orientadas a conteúdo, como a arquitetura Entidade Titulo (ETArch), proveem novos serviços para este tipo de cenários, implementados sobre o paradigma de redes definidas por software. Contudo, o modelo de transporte do ETArch é equivalente ao modelo best-effort da Internet atual, e vem limitando a confiabilidade das suas comunicações. Neste trabalho, ETArch é redesenhado seguindo o paradigma do sobreaprovisionamento de recursos para conseguir uma alocação de recursos avançada integrada com OpenFlow. Como resultado, o framework SMART (Suporte de Sessões Móveis com Alta Demanda de Recursos de Transporte), permite que a rede defina semanticamente os requisitos qualitativos das sessões para assim gerenciar o controle de Qualidade de Serviço visando manter a melhor Qualidade de Experiência possível. A avaliação do planos de dados e de controle teve lugar na plataforma de testes na ilha do projeto OFELIA, mostrando o suporte de aplicações móveis multimídia com alta demanda de recursos de transporte com QoS e QoE garantidos através de um esquema de sinalização restrito em comparação com o ETArch legado

A Internet na política brasileira: sites de deputados federais paulistas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interações orais em língua inglesa no laboratório de multimídia com acesso à Internet

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

Predição de qualidade de experiência para internet do futuro em arquiteturas heterogêneas de redes sem fio móveis

As Redes da Próxima Geração consistem no desenvolvimento de arquiteturas que viabilizem a continuidade de serviços que proporcionem sempre a melhor conectividade (Always Best Connectivity - ABC) aos usuários móveis com suporte adequado à Qualidade de Experiência (QoE) para aplicações multimídia de alta definição, nesse novo contexto as arquiteturas têm perspectiva orientada a serviços e não a protocolos. Esta tese apresenta uma arquitetura para redes da próxima geração capaz de fornecer acesso heterogêneo sem fio e handover vertical transparente para as aplicações multimídia. A tese considera diferentes tecnologias sem fio e também adota o padrão IEEE 802.21 (Media Independent Handover – MIH) para auxiliar na integração e gerenciamento das redes heterogêneas sem fio. As tecnologias que a arquitetura possui são: IEEE 802.11 (popularmente denominada de WiFi), IEEE 802.16 (popularmente denominada de WiMAX) e LTE (popularmente denominada de redes 4G). O objetivo é que arquitetura tenha a capacidade de escolher entre as alternativas disponíveis a melhor conexão para o momento. A arquitetura proposta apresenta mecanismos de predição de Qualidade de Experiência (Quality of Experience - QoE) que será o parâmetro decisivo para a realização ou não do handover para uma nova rede. A predição para determinar se haverá ou não mudança de conectividade será feita com o uso da inteligência computacional de Redes Neurais Artificiais. Além disso a arquitetura também apresenta um mecanismo de descarte seletivo de pacotes especifico para aplicações multimídia. A proposta é avaliada via simulação utilizando-se o ns-2 (Network Simulator) e os resultados de desempenho são apresentados através das métricas de QoS, de QoE e também visualmente através da exibição de frames dos vídeos transmitidos na arquitetura.

O canal de retorno na TV digital e as estratégias para universalização do acesso a Internet

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC

Uniquitous internet middleware: architecture design and prototype evaluation

Technology advances in recent years have dramatically changed the way users exploit contents and services available on the Internet, by enforcing pervasive and mobile computing scenarios and enabling access to networked resources almost from everywhere, at anytime, and independently of the device in use. In addition, people increasingly require to customize their experience, by exploiting specific device capabilities and limitations, inherent features of the communication channel in use, and interaction paradigms that significantly differ from the traditional request/response one. So-called Ubiquitous Internet scenario calls for solutions that address many different challenges, such as device mobility, session management, content adaptation, context-awareness and the provisioning of multimodal interfaces. Moreover, new service opportunities demand simple and effective ways to integrate existing resources into new and value added applications, that can also undergo run-time modifications, according to ever-changing execution conditions. Despite service-oriented architectural models are gaining momentum to tame the increasing complexity of composing and orchestrating distributed and heterogeneous functionalities, existing solutions generally lack a unified approach and only provide support for specific Ubiquitous Internet aspects. Moreover, they usually target rather static scenarios and scarcely support the dynamic nature of pervasive access to Internet resources, that can make existing compositions soon become obsolete or inadequate, hence in need of reconfiguration. This thesis proposes a novel middleware approach to comprehensively deal with Ubiquitous Internet facets and assist in establishing innovative application scenarios. We claim that a truly viable ubiquity support infrastructure must neatly decouple distributed resources to integrate and push any kind of content-related logic outside its core layers, by keeping only management and coordination responsibilities. Furthermore, we promote an innovative, open, and dynamic resource composition model that allows to easily describe and enforce complex scenario requirements, and to suitably react to changes in the execution conditions.

Understanding virtual experience and telepresence - a review and synthesis of literature

To enable buyers to be better informed before purchasing, products and services can be virtually experienced on the internet. Research into virtual experience (VE) and the related construct of telepresence (TP) as means of online marketing has made great progress in recent years. However, there is still disagreement in the literature concerning the exact understanding of these terms. In this study, the two terms are analyzed by means of a systematically executed literature review, differentiated from one another, and their understandings explained. This study is to our knowledge the first to compare the concepts of VE and TP in a systematic way. The analysis shows that TP is regarded as the feeling of presence conveyed by a communication medium. VE, on the other hand, is to be defined as an active state of a consumer through the use of computer-based presentation formats, and constituting a subtype of TP. These findings are intended to help VE and TP become more uniformly understood and make it easier to compare the results of future studies. Finally, from the literature review, it is possible to derive focal points for research in future studies.

Educating in Project Management: an innovative approach. A shared-experience among Spanish Universities

This work presents an educational formal initiative aimed to monitor the acquisition and strengthening of competences by students that are being taught in project management subject. Groups of students belonging to three universities, embracing different knowledge areas such as engineering, biology, etc., were selected to run the experience. All of them had nevertheless a common and basic starting point: inexperience in project management field. In this scenario, we propose a new theoretical and practical approach oriented to reinforce problem-solving and related competences in a project management subject context. For this purpose, a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) initiative has been specifically designed and developed. The main idea is to bring a real world engineering project management case into the classroom, where students must face up to a completely new learning approach –groups in different locations, collaborative mode and unspecific solution, supported by a powerful internet platform:.project.net (http://www.Project.net). Other relevant aspects such as project climate, knowledge increasing, have also been monitored during the course. Results show and overall improvement in key competences. The obtained information will be used in two ways: to feed the students back about personal opportunities for improvement in specific competences, and to fine-tune the experience for further initiatives.

Providing 3D video services: the challenge from 2D to 3DTV quality of experience

Recently, three-dimensional (3D) video has decisively burst onto the entertainment industry scene, and has arrived in households even before the standardization process has been completed. 3D television (3DTV) adoption and deployment can be seen as a major leap in television history, similar to previous transitions from black and white (B&W) to color, from analog to digital television (TV), and from standard definition to high definition. In this paper, we analyze current 3D video technology trends in order to define a taxonomy of the availability and possible introduction of 3D-based services. We also propose an audiovisual network services architecture which provides a smooth transition from two-dimensional (2D) to 3DTV in an Internet Protocol (IP)-based scenario. Based on subjective assessment tests, we also analyze those factors which will influence the quality of experience in those 3D video services, focusing on effects of both coding and transmission errors. In addition, examples of the application of the architecture and results of assessment tests are provided.

Contribución a los Modelos de Estimación de la Calidad Percibida en Servicios de Vídeo sobre Internet mediante Parámetros Objetivos

En los últimos años el consumo de servicios de vídeo se ha incrementado de forma notable y se espera que dicha tendencia continúe en los próximos años. Los servicios de streaming de vídeo Over-The-Top (OTT), en los que se centra esta tesis, constituyen uno de los principales motores de dicho crecimiento. A diferencia de los servicios Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), que utilizan una red controlada en la que se pueden implementar mecanismos de Quality of Service (QoS), los servicios de streaming de vídeo OTT se prestan sobre Internet, por lo que llevan asociados interesantes desafíos desde un punto de vista técnico. Uno de los mayores desafíos técnicos a los que se enfrentan los servicios de streaming de vídeo OTT es mantener un nivel de Quality of Experience (QoE) que satisfaga a sus usuarios, por lo que es necesario contar con técnicas y herramientas que permitan monitorizar la calidad percibida por los usuarios de estos servicios. El streaming de vídeo OTT supone un cambio de filosofía en comparación con otras técnicas de streaming más tradicionales como RTP/RTSP. Los servicios de vídeo OTT suelen seguir el paradigma Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), que se basa en sustituir los servidores de streaming tradicionales por servidores web que ponen a disposición de los clientes los contenidos de vídeo codificados en varias versiones con distinto nivel de calidad. Cada una de estas versiones o representaciones está dividida en pequeños fragmentos o segmentos que los clientes pueden solicitar mediante el protocolo HTTP. Los clientes pueden solicitar diferentes niveles de calidad en función de los parámetros que consideren más adecuados (ancho de banda de la red, resolución de pantalla, tipo de códec, etc.), lo que les permite adaptarse a condiciones cambiantes del entorno. Como se puede ver, el paradigma DASH ha trasladado el control de la sesión del servidor al cliente y ha sustituido los servidores de streaming por servidores web que simplemente sirven los segmentos de vídeo que los clientes solicitan. Además se esta simplificación de los servidores de streaming, existen otras ventajas asociadas a DASH, como son la utilización de Content Delivery Network (CDN), la compatibilidad con NATs y firewalls, etc. En esta tesis doctoral se lleva a cabo la propuesta de un conjunto de modelos cuyo objetivo es estimar la calidad percibida por los usuarios de los servicios de vídeo basados en DASH. Más concretamente, partiendo de la definición del servicio como un conjunto de componentes de servicio, se desarrollan modelos parciales que estiman la calidad percibida asociada a cada uno de estos componentes: calidad de vídeo, calidad de audio, degradaciones asociadas a la transmisión, etc. Cada una de estas estimaciones de calidad percibida se combinan en un modelo global que estima la calidad percibida total del servicio.

Analysis of quality of experience in 3D video systems

Esta tesis presenta un estudio exhaustivo sobre la evaluación de la calidad de experiencia (QoE, del inglés Quality of Experience) percibida por los usuarios de sistemas de vídeo 3D, analizando el impacto de los efectos introducidos por todos los elementos de la cadena de procesamiento de vídeo 3D. Por lo tanto, se presentan varias pruebas de evaluación subjetiva específicamente diseñadas para evaluar los sistemas considerados, teniendo en cuenta todos los factores perceptuales relacionados con la experiencia visual tridimensional, tales como la percepción de profundidad y la molestia visual. Concretamente, se describe un test subjetivo basado en la evaluación de degradaciones típicas que pueden aparecer en el proceso de creación de contenidos de vídeo 3D, por ejemplo debidas a calibraciones incorrectas de las cámaras o a algoritmos de procesamiento de la señal de vídeo (p. ej., conversión de 2D a 3D). Además, se presenta el proceso de generación de una base de datos de vídeos estereoscópicos de alta calidad, disponible gratuitamente para la comunidad investigadora y que ha sido utilizada ampliamente en diferentes trabajos relacionados con vídeo 3D. Asimismo, se presenta otro estudio subjetivo, realizado entre varios laboratorios, con el que se analiza el impacto de degradaciones causadas por la codificación de vídeo, así como diversos formatos de representación de vídeo 3D. Igualmente, se describen tres pruebas subjetivas centradas en el estudio de posibles efectos causados por la transmisión de vídeo 3D a través de redes de televisión sobre IP (IPTV, del inglés Internet Protocol Television) y de sistemas de streaming adaptativo de vídeo. Para estos casos, se ha propuesto una innovadora metodología de evaluación subjetiva de calidad vídeo, denominada Content-Immersive Evaluation of Transmission Impairments (CIETI), diseñada específicamente para evaluar eventos de transmisión simulando condiciones realistas de visualización de vídeo en ámbitos domésticos, con el fin de obtener conclusiones más representativas sobre la experiencia visual de los usuarios finales. Finalmente, se exponen dos experimentos subjetivos comparando varias tecnologías actuales de televisores 3D disponibles en el mercado de consumo y evaluando factores perceptuales de sistemas Super Multiview Video (SMV), previstos a ser la tecnología futura de televisores 3D de consumo, gracias a una prometedora visualización de contenido 3D sin necesidad de gafas específicas. El trabajo presentado en esta tesis ha permitido entender los factores perceptuales y técnicos relacionados con el procesamiento y visualización de contenidos de vídeo 3D, que pueden ser de utilidad en el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y técnicas de evaluación de la QoE, tanto metodologías subjetivas como métricas objetivas. ABSTRACT This thesis presents a comprehensive study of the evaluation of the Quality of Experience (QoE) perceived by the users of 3D video systems, analyzing the impact of effects introduced by all the elements of the 3D video processing chain. Therefore, various subjective assessment tests are presented, particularly designed to evaluate the systems under consideration, and taking into account all the perceptual factors related to the 3D visual experience, such as depth perception and visual discomfort. In particular, a subjective test is presented, based on evaluating typical degradations that may appear during the content creation, for instance due to incorrect camera calibration or video processing algorithms (e.g., 2D to 3D conversion). Moreover, the process of generation of a high-quality dataset of 3D stereoscopic videos is described, which is freely available for the research community, and has been already widely used in different works related with 3D video. In addition, another inter-laboratory subjective study is presented analyzing the impact of coding impairments and representation formats of stereoscopic video. Also, three subjective tests are presented studying the effects of transmission events that take place in Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) networks and adaptive streaming scenarios for 3D video. For these cases, a novel subjective evaluation methodology, called Content-Immersive Evaluation of Transmission Impairments (CIETI), was proposed, which was especially designed to evaluate transmission events simulating realistic home-viewing conditions, to obtain more representative conclusions about the visual experience of the end users. Finally, two subjective experiments are exposed comparing various current 3D displays available in the consumer market, and evaluating perceptual factors of Super Multiview Video (SMV) systems, expected to be the future technology for consumer 3D displays thanks to a promising visualization of 3D content without specific glasses. The work presented in this thesis has allowed to understand perceptual and technical factors related to the processing and visualization of 3D video content, which may be useful in the development of new technologies and approaches for QoE evaluation, both subjective methodologies and objective metrics.

A two-year experience teaching computer literacy to first-year medical students using skill-based cohorts

Because it is widely accepted that providing information online will play a major role in both the teaching and practice of medicine in the near future, a short formal course of instruction in computer skills was proposed for the incoming class of students entering medical school at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. The syllabus was developed on the basis of a set of expected outcomes, which was accepted by the dean of medicine and the curriculum committee for classes beginning in the fall of 1997. Prior to their arrival, students were asked to complete a self-assessment survey designed to elucidate their initial skill base; the returned surveys showed students to have computer skills ranging from complete novice to that of a systems engineer. The classes were taught during the first three weeks of the semester to groups of students separated on the basis of their knowledge of and comfort with computers. Areas covered included computer basics, e-mail management, MEDLINE, and Internet search tools. Each student received seven hours of hands-on training followed by a test. The syllabus and emphasis of the classes were tailored to the initial skill base but the final test was given at the same level to all students. Student participation, test scores, and course evaluations indicated that this noncredit program was successful in achieving an acceptable level of comfort in using a computer for almost all of the student body.

Direito, democracia e cultura digital: a experiência de elaboração legislativa do Marco Civil da Internet

Este trabalho tem como objeto de pesquisa o processo de consulta pública online para elaboração do Marco Civil da Internet, nova lei que dispõe sobre os direitos dos usuários de Internet no Brasil. Ele busca responder às seguintes perguntas: (i) como foi idealizado processo de consulta pública online do Marco Civil da Internet? (ii) Como a consulta foi gerenciada e executada? (iii) Quais foram os resultados da consulta em termos de soluções jurídicas aos conflitos políticos do setor da Internet? A proposta é realizar uma descrição desta experiência de participação social pela Internet a partir de um mapeamento das contribuições dos cidadãos e instituições, de informações em fontes variadas (imprensa especializada ou não e outros trabalhos acadêmicos) e do confronto deste levantamento com entrevistas dadas pelos gestores do projeto sobre seu planejamento e execução. A pesquisa trabalhou com a hipótese de que a consulta pública online que elaborou o Marco Civil da Internet se colocou como alternativa a um debate instaurado dentro do Congresso Nacional e bloqueado por propostas de lei de enfoque penal. O resultado da pesquisa sugere a confirmação dessa hipótese, bem como a relevância da experiência analisada para o sucesso uma estratégia política de reversão dessa agenda legislativa anterior.

Lightweight Internet Traffic Classification - A Subject Based Solution with Word Embeddings

Internet traffic classification is a relevant and mature research field, anyway of growing importance and with still open technical challenges, also due to the pervasive presence of Internet-connected devices into everyday life. We claim the need for innovative traffic classification solutions capable of being lightweight, of adopting a domain-based approach, of not only concentrating on application-level protocol categorization but also classifying Internet traffic by subject. To this purpose, this paper originally proposes a classification solution that leverages domain name information extracted from IPFIX summaries, DNS logs, and DHCP leases, with the possibility to be applied to any kind of traffic. Our proposed solution is based on an extension of Word2vec unsupervised learning techniques running on a specialized Apache Spark cluster. In particular, learning techniques are leveraged to generate word-embeddings from a mixed dataset composed by domain names and natural language corpuses in a lightweight way and with general applicability. The paper also reports lessons learnt from our implementation and deployment experience that demonstrates that our solution can process 5500 IPFIX summaries per second on an Apache Spark cluster with 1 slave instance in Amazon EC2 at a cost of $ 3860 year. Reported experimental results about Precision, Recall, F-Measure, Accuracy, and Cohen's Kappa show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposal. The experiments prove that words contained in domain names do have a relation with the kind of traffic directed towards them, therefore using specifically trained word embeddings we are able to classify them in customizable categories. We also show that training word embeddings on larger natural language corpuses leads improvements in terms of precision up to 180%.