Occupational health and safety among commercial sex workers in Ghana

The topic of occupational health and safety (OHS) has been investigated for many years and continues to be a concept often researched today. Generally speaking OHS research has been centered around food safety, construction safety, transportation safety, fire safety, drug and alcohol testing, health and medical management, and industrial hygiene to name a few. However, the concept of OHS concerning female commercial sex workers (FCSWs) has rarely been investigated, often neglected, seldom discussed and is lacking in sound research. Although regarded as the "oldest profession", commercial sex work (CSW) has consistently been ignored, disregarded and under-researched due to the illegality and stigmatization of prostitution. This paper reviews occupational safety and health issues faced by FCSWs in Tema and Accra, Ghana, through in-depth interviews, visits to women's homes, field work, informal conversations and participant observations with FCSWs over a period of two months. Facets of OHS that emerged among FCSWs included sexually transmissible infections, risks associated with harassment and violence from police and clients, alcohol and drug use, irregular hospital visits and/or lack of hospital visits, immigration issues, legal and policing risks. We argue that CSW be viewed as an occupation in great need of interventions to reduce workplace risks and improve the health and safety of FCSWs^

Malaria infection and fetal growth during the war : evidence from Liberia

This study investigates whether the Liberian civil war increased infant mortality by exposing pregnant women to a high risk of malaria infection, thus retarding fetal development. I find that the war-induced, one-percent increase in maternal infection risk resulted in a 0.44 percent increase in one-year mortality. This mortality effect gradually increased following childbirth as maternal passive immunity waned. The consequences were pronounced for infants conceived in rainy seasons by young mothers residing in rural, battle-intensive areas, with no gender difference detected. I also provide evidence suggesting the wartime culling of the weakest infants associated with maternal malaria infection.

Education, Health and Fertility of UK Immigrants : The Role of English Language Skills

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Minimum health and sanitation standards in schools.

"An address delivered before the Teachers union of the city of New York."

Ralston gardens of life : a study of health and the best way of living, including the natural cure of disease and the perfecting of the faculties : also private walks and talks with the author and a complete presentation of diets in health and disease and foods of the Ralstonites /

Includes index.

Maternal, child health, and family planning services [microform] : hearings before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, second session, February 25, 1988--healthy children, investing in the future; April 22, 1988--Title X of the Public Health Service Act (H.R. 3769).

"Serial no. 100-149."

Health and physical education series of the state of Ohio, Department of education ... prepared with the approval of B.O. Skinner, director of education.

Includes bibliographies.

Spray painting : good practices for employees : your health and safety are in your hands.

Mode of access: Internet.

An essay of health and long life /

Mode of access: Internet.

An essay of health and long life /

Mode of access: Internet.

A psychiatric approach to the treatment of promiscuity; a further report of a psychiatric study made under the auspices of the Venereal Disease Division, U. S. Public Health Service, the California State Dept. of Public Health, and the San Francisco Dept. of Public Health, January, 1943 to July, 1947.

"A further development and expansion of an earlier study [An experiment in the psychiatric treatment of promiscuous girls, by Ernest G. Lion, and others] sponsored by the same organizations reported in 1945."

Bibliography of Bureau of Mines health and safety publications, January 1947-June 1955,

Mode of access: Internet.

School health activities in 1930. Summary of information collected for the White House conference on child health and protection,

"For a comparison of this survey with that made by the Office of Education in 1923, see A Biennium in hygiene and physical education, Bulletin, 1931, no. 20."--Foot-note, p. [1]

The Journal of health, and monthly miscellany.

Mode of access: Internet.

Sure methods of improving health, and prolonging life, or, a treatise on the art of living long and comfortably, by regulating the diet and regimen ... : to which is added, the art of training for health, rules for reducing corpulence, and maxims of health ... /

Includes bibliographical references and index.