Health intervention and decline in infant mortality rates. Milk depots in Spain (1900-1936)

The role of public health has been a central topic on the classical debate about the historical mortality decline in Europe. One of these health initiatives were the Milk Depots. Spain set up those centres from the late 19th century until the beginning of the Civil War. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the effect of this health intervention on the infant mortality decline during this period. This study works out three kinds of sources: Statistical Yearbooks, Official documents and local records produced by the same Milk Depot. It analyses data available for all the country and one local case such as the Barcelona’s Milk Depot (1904-1935). The main methodological issue deals with the measurement of the effect of the Milk Depot activities on the pattern of changes of infant mortality. Results suggest that Milk Depots have a positive but quite moderate effect on the improving of overall levels of child survival.

Review of the health inequalities infant mortality PSA target

This review was established to consider why, despite a general improvement in infant mortality rates, health inequalities in infant mortality between different social groups remain. It identifies a range of issues and makes recommendations relevant to the health inequalities 2010 PSA target. Its recommendations are being shared with the NHS and others before the department issues further guidance.

Choosing health. Born equal? A briefing on inequalities in infant mortality in London

This study reveals a picture of inequalities in infant mortality across London.

Choosing health. Born equal? A report on inequalities in infant mortality in London. A technical report

This report explores the factors that contribute to infant mortality in the capital and ways in which commissioners might monitor the contribution of their local NHS to the national infant mortality target as well as contributing to maternity policy.

Mortality target monitoring: infant mortality, inequalities. Update to include data for 2008

The 2008 annual update on infant mortality rates to monitor progress against the Department of Health infant mortality inequality PSA target.

Implementation plan for reducing health inequalities in infant mortality: A good practice guide

The publication shows how to narrow the health inequalities gap in infant mortality by looking at current examples of best practice.

Infant Mortality in Iowa Interim Study Committee, January 1992

The Infant Mortality in Iowa Interim Study Committee was established by the Legislative Council to review historical trends in Iowa's infant mortality rates to identify the extent of the problem on a statewide basis. Identify areas in the state with the greatest incidence of infant mortality, and research health complications. Identify factors which lead to impoverished families, and research access to health care services. Survey and review the current structure of service provided to pregnant women in Iowa health care facilities, and solicit information on the level of existing prenatal services. Recommend changes in Iowa's health care system which would lower Iowa's infant mortality rate.

Neighbourhood Income and Neonatal, Postneonatal and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Mortality in Canada, 1991-2005

CONTEXTE : La mortalité infantile a diminué au Canada depuis les années 1990 et 2000 mais nous ignorons si toutes les classes socioéconomiques ont bénéficié également de ce progrès. OBJECTIFS : La présente étude portait sur les différences entre les taux de mortalité néonatale et postnéonatale et de mort subite du nourrisson entre les différents quintiles de revenu des quartiers au Canada de 1991 à 2005. MÉTHODES : Le fichier couplé des naissances vivantes et des décès infantiles au Canada a été utilisé à l’exclusion des naissances survenues en Ontario, au Yukon, dans les Territoires du Nord-ouest et au Nunavut. Les taux de mortalité néonatale et postnéonatale et de mort subite du nourrisson ont été calculé par quintile de revenu des quartiers et par période (1991-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005). Les rapports de risque (RR) ont été calculés par quintile de revenu et période avec ajustement pour la province de résidence, l’âge de la mère, la parité, le sexe du nourrisson et les naissances multiples. RÉSULTATS : En zone urbaine, pour toute la période étudiée (1991- 2005), le quintile de revenu le plus pauvre avait un risque plus élevé de mortalité néonatale (RR ajusté 1,24; IC 95% 1,15-1,34), de mortalité postnéonatale (RR ajusté 1,58; IC 95% 1,41-1,76) et de mort subite du nourrisson (RR ajusté 1,83; IC 95% 1,49-2,26) par rapport au quintile le plus riche. Les taux de mortalité post néonatale et de mort subite du nourrisson ont décliné respectivement de 37 % et de 57 % de 1991- 1995 à 2001-2005 alors que le taux de mortalité néonatale n’a pas changé de façon significative. Cette diminution de la mortalité postnéonatale et de la mort subite du nourrisson a été observée dans tous les quintiles de revenu. CONCLUSION : Malgré une diminution de la mortalité postnéonatale et du syndrome de mort subite du nourrisson dans tous les quintiles de revenu, les inégalités subsistent au Canada. Ce résultat démontre le besoin de stratégies efficaces de promotion de la santé visant spécifiquement les populations vulnérables. MOTS CLÉS : mort subite du nourrisson; mortalité infantile; statut socioéconomique

Infant mortality model for lifetime data

In this paper we introduce a parametric model for handling lifetime data where an early lifetime can be related to the infant-mortality failure or to the wear processes but we do not know which risk is responsible for the failure. The maximum likelihood approach and the sampling-based approach are used to get the inferences of interest. Some special cases of the proposed model are studied via Monte Carlo methods for size and power of hypothesis tests. To illustrate the proposed methodology, we introduce an example consisting of a real data set.

Project Pró-Natal: population-based study of perinatal and infant mortality in Natal, Northeast Brazil

RAMOS, Ana Maria de Oliveira et al. Project Pró-Natal: population-based study of perinatal and infant mortality in Natal, Northeast Brazil. Pediatric and Developmental Pathology, v.3, n.1, p.29-35, 2000

The effects of infant and child mortality on fertility in Latin America

Includes bibliography

Infant and child mortality in the Third World: background information and proposals for cooperative studies among demographic centers

Includes bibliography

Effects of declining fertility on infant mortality levels: a study based on data from five Latin American countries

Includes bibliography