Civilização, sexualidade e entropia no pensamento de Freud

This article intends to offer, in an introductory way, a reflection in order to build an interpretation of the Sigmund Freud's thought, orchestrating notions such as the ones of progress of civilization, which would be his philosophy of history; an investigation on his conceptions about "human nature"; culminating in a brief reflection on some points of philosophy of nature that underlies his thought. We anticipate that we recognize in the latter, characteristics assimilated by analogy to the entropy concept of modern physics. Among other features, such as compared and methodological reference with some of Kant's theses about the same notions, we also present in a short way two metapsychological aspects of Freudian theory on human sexuality, the biological and physiological, both aiming to give support to the reflections on the sense of finality.

No pulsar da clínica: a repetição e as produções corporais de uma criança

This study investigates the Repetition of movements shown in a stereotypical case of a child three years old. In line with the psychoanalysis model of search, this work presents fragments of the clinic process, the locus for the observation of repetitive, ritualized and choreographically movements of this child who used not to speak. The contrast between their movements and the issuance of a word verbalized at the end of the treatment caused the following question: repetition in this child production would be a reproduction of the same or would be directing for the difference? In the psychiatric speech, the stereotypes are listed as diagnostic criteria for certain mental disorders. In the psychoanalysis studies a question about the psych nature of ritualistic gestures apparently without purpose or direction is included. Thus, the route followed was the reading of the theoretical concept of repetition in the psychoanalytic works of S. Freud and J. Lacan. With Freud, the repetition is linked to the transfer and resistance. In that context, when it appears in act, in the place of the talk, it constitutes a particular way of remembering. But the existence of a force in the psychic apparatus that acts independent and involuntarily of the Principle of pleasure (the repetition compulsion) subsidizes the discovery of Freudian pulsion of death that is the tendency to return to itself. In the Lacan reading, the function of Repetition is magnified, as it fulfils two functions: the automaton - reminders of repetitive signs, and that the service of tiqué - the meeting of the subject with his lack constituent. In this sense, repetition is not simply a reproduction, but the search for new, the difference, caused by the lack of continuity that pushes the circuit. Finally, the clinic process and the theoretical readings made the comprehension of the child repetitive and choreographically movements and the pronouncement of a "good-bye", full of meaning. This repetitive scenario which is full of questions, by this very nature, insists in remains inconclusive

O sintoma na psicanálise e na psicopedagogia: do que se trata?

This paper aims to discuss the concept of symptom in psychopedagogy and psychoanalysis, drawing the consequences for the direction of treatment for each of these fields. Learning Problems has been the name given by various fields of knowledge to what does not happen as expected in the learning process. To address these problems several professionals are called upon. Faced with this demand a new field of knowledge is created: the psycho-pedagogy. In Brazil, it is established as a field of work and research from the contributions of Alicia Fernández. This author, supported by the work of French philosopher and educator Sara Paín, takes the concept of Freudian-Lacanian symptom as a fundamental concept to read the so-called "learning problems". Given this one must question whether the concept of symptom Fernandez is really the same as psychoanalysis. Are they the same? If yes, how to sustain as different fields? If not, what are consequences for the direction of treatment for each of these fields? For this study, the theoretical works of Alicia Fernández and Sara Pain were read aiming to clarify the concept of symptom in psychopedagogy. To discuss the psychoanalytic concept of symptom we turned to the texts of Freud, Lacan and commentators in which this issue is discussed. The results show that Pain and Fernandez seek psychoanalysis as a theory to be coupled with others to solve the learning problems. The concept of symptom as a return of the repressed and as an indicator of a sense to be found in the history of the subject is similar to the psychoanalytical one, however, in psychopedagogy other fields of knowledge and techniques are used as reference and these are sometimes incompatible with the concept of symptom presented. The use of psychological tests for the diagnosis, the idea of transference without the notion of subject supposed to know and the proposed treatment are indications of a different treatment approach from what the ethics of psychoanalysis proposes

Identificações e escolhas profissional na adolescência:um estudo psicanalítico

This work seeks to understand the difficulties and dilemmas that pervade the career choice of teenagers. For this, we take investigative via psyquic unconscious determinations that, as observed in present clinical practice, it is also confirmed important in the reviewed literature. In the last one, the most important findings signaled an important relationship between identification processes and the various choices we make throughout life. These findings led us to question about how psychoanalysis understands these processes and how they are involved in building the career choice of teenagers. From the referential Freudian and Lacanian, we have studied the concepts of adolescence and identification, which articulated the process of career choice and fragments of clinical cases, allowed us to reach conclusions that point to the deep involvement of the dimension of desire and the unconscious in issues regarding career choices and the possibility of building a listening, of the difficulties found there, more attentive to the psychic determinations and singular responses that each presents in front of these determinations

Comparison of the psychological evaluation test and classical psychoanalysis in infertile women

This study aims to compare a psychological evaluation test to classical psychoanalysis in infertile women. Two hundred women were submitted to the Psychological Evaluation Test (PET). The sum of the scores for the responses ranged from 15 to 60 points, with scores 30 points being defined as 'psycho-emotional maladjustment' (cut-off point: median + 25%). For comparison, the patients were simultaneously submitted to a psychological examination by a psychologist, who was unaware of the PET results. of the 200 patients, 66 (33%) presented a test with greater than or equal to30 points ('psycho-emotional maladjustment') and 134 (67%) a test with <30 points (normal). Upon psychological examination, 105 (52.5%) presented an abnormal evaluation and 95 (47.5%) a normal evaluation. For the PET, statistical analysis showed 82% efficiency, 62% sensitivity, 98% positive predictive value, 99% specificity, 70% negative predictive value, likelihood ratio for a positive test result 62, and likelihood ratio for negative test result 0.38. The PET proved to be a useful clinical instrument, being of help in the selection of patients with psychological needs induced by infertility.

Educação de educadores: pressuposto psicanalítico ou utopia reichiana?

Bien plus qu'on le pense, les prémices reichiennes semblent être basées sur des propositions freudiennes, surtout celles des premiers temps. Basée sur des justificatifs de différents ordres, desquels le plus usuel est que Reich était lié officiellement à l Association Psychanalytique Internationale, certains auteurs cependant exaltent les approches cliniques de cette « période psychanalytique » propre aux premières élaborations reichiennes, sans mentionner d'autres approches possibles dans la polémique en question. Ce n'est pas pour un autre motif que ce texte vise à racheter certaines des réflexions freudiennes sur l'éducation, mettant en évidence « l'éducation des éducateurs », soit comme un présupposé psychanalytique basé sur des textes éducatifs de Freud, soit comme une utopie typiquement reichienne, misant sur la possibilité d'une prophylaxie des névroses étendue au domaine éducatif ou comme un des points communs entre le discours éducatif de Freud ou de Reich, capable donc de favoriser au second le dédoublement de présupposés manifestés dans l uvre du premier.

Escuta analítica no hospital geral: : implicações com o desejo do analista

Partindo da experiência na enfermaria de um hospital-escola1, do confronto com o status-quo do trabalho dos psicólogos em hospitais e da avaliação da literatura sobre a clínica psicanalítica em hospital, esta pesquisa se propôs a buscar avanços frente a uma questão específica: a escuta psicanalítica no trabalho em enfermarias de hospital geral e as implicações dessa prática com o desejo do psicanalista. Foram entrevistados quinze psicólogos declaradamente de orientação psicanalítica, vinculados a unidades de internação e com experiência mínima de dois anos de trabalho em hospital geral. As entrevistas foram abertas e semi-estruturadas, com o intuito de contemplar de maneira uniforme a coleta de informações de cunho mais objetivo, assim como de facilitar a pertinência ao tema de estudo. A interpretação dos dados foi realizada à luz do referencial clínico psicanalítico (freud-lacaniano), sendo que tal interpretação nos permitiu identificar uma importante interação entre os impasses, presentes na instituição hospitalar, da prática clínica psicanalítica com questões pessoais e de formação do profissional, interação que se vincula à postura de trabalho adotada no hospital. Reafirmamos, através desta pesquisa, a possibilidade de fazer uso de uma escuta analítica no trabalho com pacientes internados, a qual está sempre voltada para as manifestações do inconsciente ao longo da fala, e na qual a direção do tratamento é a emergência do sujeito do inconsciente.

O Tema sexo na revista Todateen: um estudo freudiano

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Educação, psicanálise e literatura: distanciamento do texto literário no ensino fundamental

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

Um exame crítico sobre o conceito de felicidade a partir de Freud e Marcuse

Pós-graduação em Filosofia - FFC

Um estudo sobre a teoria da angústia na obra de Sigmund Freud: caminhos de construção e de descoberta

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Escola inclusiva: uma leitura possível a partir das elaborações lacanianas dos quatro discursos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Homens que falam com o corpo: histeria de conversão ou fenômeno psicossomático?

Esta dissertação discute a questão das manifestações corporais, principalmente a conversão histérica. A proposta inicial é de fazer um breve percurso na obra freudiana e seus sucessores, com intuito de delimitar a questão da histeria, e buscar o estatuto do corpo em psicanálise, bem como aquilo que o afeta. Para a psicanálise, o corpo é concebido não somente como um corpo biológico, mas também como corpo erógeno, disponível e habitado por pulsões. Este corpo, que se presta à ação das pulsões, é um corpo plástico, capaz de se servir para finalidades diferentes quanto à economia psíquica. Por esta razão, é preciso considerar a existência de uma dupla via corporal, duas vertentes clínicas: o sintoma histérico conversivo e o fenômeno psicossomático. Como distinguir ambas? Como saber se estamos diante de um sintoma de conversão histérica ou de um fenômeno corporal de ordem psicossomática? Compreender essa dupla via corporal ganha relevância no momento em que precisamos conduzir o tratamento. Para isso, é necessário saber distinguir o fenômeno psicossomático das manifestações corporais de ordem sintomática, ou seja, conversão histérica. Assim, procuraremos confrontar essas duas afecções corporais que, apesar de se manifestarem no corpo, obedecem a lógicas diferentes. Essa discussão abre espaço para a retomada do conceito de pulsão, que é o ponto de conexão sobre as duas questões clínicas abordadas. Esta dissertação nos faz pensar sobre a clínica e como os sujeitos se utilizam dos seus corpos, diante de um sofrimento da ordem do insuportável.

Das neuroses de transferência às neuroses narcísicas: contribuições aos fundamentos da teoria freudiana da melancolia

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

As éticas nas práticas de atenção psicológica na assistência social

This study presents different modalities of ethics - guardianship, interlocution, social action, care and finally the ethics of listening to the subject's unconscious desire - as analyzers of the care practices conducted by psychologists in the field of Social Assistance. In an institutional approach, cases found in the literature are presented, in a questioning way, which can be considered examples of the practices performed by psychologists and other workers who operate in a wide variety of healthcare establishments. It was concluded that psychologists may encounter, in the field of Freudian/Lacanian psychoanalysis, consistent theoretical-technical and ethical-political instrumentals to guide institutional performance in an effective and informed way so as to include the individual as a citizen and also as the subject of the unconscious.