The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The English Parliament and the Theory of Corporation by Jerome V. Reel, Jr. Puritan Myths in the Background of American Foreign Policy by William F. Ricketson, Jr. Socialized Medicine —Some Aspects of the British Experience by J. M. Thorn Dollars from Scholars: The Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation by Edward H. Beardsley

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Langdon Cheves and the War of 1812: Another Look at “National Honor” in South Carolina by Archie Vernon Huff, Jr. – Furman University Francis W. Pickens and the War Begins by John B. Edmunds, Jr. John Gary Evans against the Columbia State by Carlanna Hendrick Burnet Maybank and Charleston Politics in the New Deal Era by Marvin Cann

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The Chinese Labor Issue in British Politics, 1904-1907 by E. B. Hannum – University of South Alabama A Statistical and Historical Analysis and Interpretation of British By-Elections, 1906-1909 by Michael C. Griffin Slavery and the Presence of Free Will by William F. Steirer Reconsideration: The University of South Carolina during Reconstruction by John Herbert Roper – University of North Carolina

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The United States and Austria, 1918-1919: The Problem of National Self-Determination by Duane Myers The German Economy during World War II: Petroleum by Peter W. Becker Tillman’s Lieutenant: John Laurens Manning Irby by Jerry Slaunwhite Tillman’s Lieutenant: John Lowndes McLaurin by Rodger Stroup

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The Role of the Commons House of Assembly in Proprietary South Carolina by Newton B. Jones Christopher Gadsden: Radical Idealist by E. Stanly Godbold The Slave Court System in Spartanburg County by William C. Henderson The American Nation in 1876 by Joseph Taylor Stukes

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Wade Hampton and the Rise of One Party Radical Orthodoxy in South Carolina by Richard Mark Gergel Governor Chamberlain and the End of Reconstruction by Robert J. Moore The Calhoun Papers Project: One Editor’s Valedictory (An Address to the South Carolina Historical Association, April 2, 1977) by W. Edwin Hemphill The Laurens Paper — Half-Way by George C. Rodgers, Jr. Fateful Legacy: White Southerners and the Dilemma of Emancipation by Dan T. Carter The South Carolina Bangers: A Forgotten Loyalist Regiment by Robert D. Bass

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. The Unionist Party and the Third Home Rule Crisis, 1912-1914” by W. S. Brockington, Jr. To Herald the Revolution: The Public Activists of G. V. Chicherin and Maksim Litvinov in Wartime Britain by William J. Lavery William W. Boyce: A Leader of the Southern Peace Movement by Roger P. Leemhuis South Carolina Leadership in the Southern Unification Movement, 1849-1850 by Thelma Jennings Soul of the South: James F. Byrnes and the Racial Issue in American Politics, 1911-1941 by Winfred B. Moore, Jr. Cole L. Blease and the Senatorial Campaign of 1924 by Daniel W. Hollis The Cuban Revolution in Historical Perspective

The Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association

Annually, the association publishes a journal, The Proceedings, which consists of papers presented at the annual meeting. Charleston Politics, 1900-1930: An Overview by Doyle W. Boggs Slave or Super-Slave: Who Really Did Labor in the Southern Cotton Fields by William F. Steirer, Jr. The Low Countries and the Quest for a Negotiated Peace, 1939-1940 by Birdsall S. Viault Protestant Church Spokesmen, Universal Military Training, and the Anti-Conscription Campaigns, 1940-1959 The Holiness-Pentecostal Revival in the Carolinas, 1896-1940 by Robert F. Martin The Duel in Nineteenth Century South Carolina: Custom Over Written Law by Nancy Torrance Matthews

Freedom of information implications of information sharing networks for critical infrastructure protection

Protection of “critical infrastructure” has become a major issue for govern- ments worldwide. Yet in Australia, as in many other countries, including the United States, an estimated 90% of critical infrastructure is privately owned or operated commercially – in other words, critical infrastructure protection is not the exclusive domain of government. As a result, information sharing between government and the private sector has become a vitally important component of effective risk management. However, establishing effective arrangements of this kind between the public and private sector needs to take account of existing regimes of access and public disclosure which relate to government-held documents; in particular, that which is established by freedom of information (FOI) legislation. This article examines the extent to which the current Commonwealth FOI regime is likely to act as an impediment to the private sector operators of critical infrastructure participat- ing in government-operated information sharing arrangements. By examining developments in other jurisdictions, principally the United States, the article considers whether amendments to the current Australian FOI regime are necessary to ensure effective participation, consistent with the underlying object and purpose of FOI.

Openness and privacy in Ontario: an evaluation of the implementation of FIPPA : (The Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, 1987, Chapter 25 and Ontario Regulation 532/87) /

Since the early 1970's, Canadians have expressed many concerns about the growth of government and its impact on their daily lives. The public has requested increased access to government documents and improved protection of the personal information which is held in government files and data banks. At the same time, both academics and practitioners in the field of public administration have become more interested in the values that public servants bring to their decisions and recommendations. Certain administrative values, such as accountability and integrity, have taken on greater relative importance. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the implementation of Ontario's access and privacy law. It centres on the question of whether or not the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, 1987, (FIPPA) has answered the demand for open access to government while at the same time protecting the personal privacy of individual citizens. It also assesses the extent to which this relatively new piece of legislation has made a difference to the people of Ontario. The thesis presents an overview of the issues of freedom of information and protection of privacy in Ontario. It begins with the evolution of the legislation and a description of the law itself. It focuses on the structures and processes which have been established to meet the procedural and administrative demands of the Act. These structures and processes are evaluated in two ways. First, the thesis evaluates how open the Ontario government has become and, second, it determines how Ill carefully the privacy rights of individuals are safeguarded. An analytical framework of administrative values is used to evaluate the overall performance of the government in these two areas. The conclusion is drawn that, overall, the Ontario government has effectively implemented the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, particularly by providing access to most government-held documents. The protection of individual privacy has proved to be not only more difficult to achieve, but more difficult to evaluate. However, the administrative culture of the Ontario bureaucracy is shown to be committed to ensuring that the access and privacy rights of citizens are respected.

The Ontario Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Individual Privacy Act: an analysis of its application to school boards

In Canada freedom of information must be viewed in the context of governing -- how do you deal with an abundance of information while balancing a diversity of competing interests? How can you ensure people are informed enough to participate in crucial decision-making, yet willing enough to let some administrative matters be dealt with in camera without their involvement in every detail. In an age when taxpayers' coalition groups are on the rise, and the government is encouraging the establishment of Parent Council groups for schools, the issues and challenges presented by access to information and protection of privacy legislation are real ones. The province of Ontario's decision to extend freedom of information legislation to local governments does not ensure, or equate to, full public disclosure of all facts or necessarily guarantee complete public comprehension of an issue. The mere fact that local governments, like school boards, decide to collect, assemble or record some information and not to collect other information implies that a prior decision was made by "someone" on what was important to record or keep. That in itself means that not all the facts are going to be disclosed, regardless of the presence of legislation. The resulting lack of information can lead to public mistrust and lack of confidence in those who govern. This is completely contrary to the spirit of the legislation which was to provide interested members of the community with facts so that values like political accountability and trust could be ensured and meaningful criticism and input obtained on matters affecting the whole community. This thesis first reviews the historical reasons for adopting freedom of information legislation, reasons which are rooted in our parliamentary system of government. However, the same reasoning for enacting such legislation cannot be applied carte blanche to the municipal level of government in Ontario, or - ii - more specifially to the programs, policies or operations of a school board. The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, 1989 (MFIPPA) was a neccessary step to ensure greater openness from school boards. Based on a review of the Orders made by the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner/Ontario, it also assesses how successfully freedom of information legislation has been implemented at the municipal level of government. The Orders provide an opportunity to review what problems school boards have encountered, and what guidance the Commissioner has offered. Reference is made to a value framework as an administrative tool in critically analyzing the suitability of MFIPPA to school boards. The conclusion is drawn that MFIPPA appears to have inhibited rather than facilitated openness in local government. This may be attributed to several factors inclusive of the general uncertainty, confusion and discretion in interpreting various provisions and exemptions in the Act. Some of the uncertainty is due to the fact that an insufficient number of school board staff are familiar with the Act. The complexity of the Act and its legalistic procedures have over-formalized the processes of exchanging information. In addition there appears to be a concern among municipal officials that granting any access to information may be violating personal privacy rights of others. These concerns translate into indecision and extreme caution in responding to inquiries. The result is delay in responding to information requests and lack of uniformity in the responses given. However, the mandatory review of the legislation does afford an opportunity to address some of these problems and to make this complex Act more suitable for application to school boards. In order for the Act to function more efficiently and effectively legislative changes must be made to MFIPPA. It is important that the recommendations for improving the Act be adopted before the government extends this legislation to any other public entities.

The Right to Freedom of Information in Inida

This thesis entitled “The right to freedom of information in india”.In a democracy, the citizens being the persons to choose their own governors, the right to know from the Government is a pre-condition for a properly evaluated election. Freedom of speech and expression, one of the repositories of self~government, forms the basis for the right to know in a wider scale. The functions which the free speech rights serve in a society also emphasize the need for more openness in the functioning of a democracy.Maintanance of law and order and investigation of crimes are highly important in a country like India, where no risk may be taken on account of the public‘s right to know. The Indian situations relating terrorist activities, riots based on language, region, religion and caste are important in this respect. The right to know of the citizens may be regulated in the interests of secrecy required in these areas.On the basis of the conclusions reached in this study, a draft Bill has been proposed for the passing of an Access to Public Documents Act. This Bill is appended to this Thesis.