On the comparative efficiency of "V" shaped and rectangular flat otter boards for trawling off Veraval, north west coast of India

V shaped all steel boards, with their inherent stability to tide over obstacles and mud, interchangeability of starboard and portside boards are found to be superior to conventional flat rectangular boards for bottom trawling. These are cheaper in construction, offer less resistance and give longer service. Comparative trials with the two types of boards showed significant difference in tension between the boards but not in catch or horizontal opening.

Circular Polarization Modulation for Digital Communication Systems

Conventional approaches of digital modulation schemes make use of amplitude, frequency and/or phase as modulation characteristic to transmit data. In this paper, we exploit circular polarization (CP) of the propagating electromagnetic carrier as modulation attribute which is a novel concept in digital communications. The requirement of antenna alignment to maximize received power is eliminated for CP signals and these are not affected by linearly polarized jamming signals. The work presents the concept of Circular Polarization Modulation for 2, 4 and 8 states of carrier and refers them as binary circular polarization modulation (BCPM), quaternary circular polarization modulation (QCPM) and 8-state circular polarization modulation (8CPM) respectively. Issues of modulation, demodulation, 3D symbol constellations and 3D propagating waveforms for the proposed modulation schemes are presented and analyzed in the presence of channel effects, and they are shown to have the same bit error performance in the presence of AWGN compared with conventional schemes while provide 3dB gain in the flat Rayleigh fading channel.

Droplets of structured fluid on a flat substrate

We study the equilibrium morphology of droplets of symmetric AB diblock copolymer on a flat substrate. Using self-consistent field theory (SCFT), we provide the first predictions for the equilibrium droplet shape and its internal structure. When the sustrate affinity for the A component, $\eta_A$, is small, the droplet adopts a nearly spherical shape much like that of simple fluids. Inside the spherical droplet, however, concentric circular lamellar layers stack on top of each other; hence the thickness of the droplet is effectively quantized by a half-integer or integer number of layers. At larger $\eta_A$ and smaller contact angle, the area of the upper-most layer becomes relatively large, resulting in a nearly flat, faceted top surface, followed by a semi-spherical slope. This geometry is remarkably reminiscent of the droplet shapes observed with smetic liquid crystals.

Nonlinear parameter estimation in laminar forced convection within a circular sector tube

In this article we examine an inverse heat convection problem of estimating unknown parameters of a parameterized variable boundary heat flux. The physical problem is a hydrodynamically developed, thermally developing, three-dimensional steady state laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid inside a circular sector duct, insulated in the flat walls and subject to unknown wall heat flux at the curved wall. Results are presented for polynomial and sinusoidal trial functions, and the unknown parameters as well as surface heat fluxes are determined. Depending on the nature of the flow, on the position of experimental points the inverse problem sometimes could not be solved. Therefore, an identification condition is defined to specify a condition under which the inverse problem can be solved. Once the parameters have been computed it is possible to obtain the statistical significance of the inverse problem solution. Therefore, approximate confidence bounds based on standard statistical linear procedure, for the estimated parameters, are analyzed and presented.

El camino no tan sencillo a la santidad : Aproximaciones narratológicas a la Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos de Gonzalo de Berceo

Desde que críticos como Aldo Ruffinato o Baños Vallejo comenzaron a estudiar la hagiografía española medieval basándose en la teoría narratológica de Bremond, este género se concibió como el ejemplo más acabado de narración lineal y ascendente. En este trabajo pretendo mostrar una aproximación narratológica diferente a las intentadas hasta ahora, usando como fuente la Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos de Gonzalo de Berceo. Para eso, me centraré en aquellos aspectos que contradigan o escapen a esa supuesta linealidad y muestren la textura conflictiva y dialéctica del relato. Esto permitirá apreciar que el texto,lejos de presentar un ascenso armonioso, es un arduo recorrido muchas veces circular y repetitivo, a través de intentos de dar una resolución simbólica a conflictos reales como la relación entre la vida contemplativa y la vida sacerdotal, el poder eclesiástico y el poder secular o la libertad humana y la omnipotencia divina.

El camino no tan sencillo a la santidad : Aproximaciones narratológicas a la Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos de Gonzalo de Berceo

Desde que críticos como Aldo Ruffinato o Baños Vallejo comenzaron a estudiar la hagiografía española medieval basándose en la teoría narratológica de Bremond, este género se concibió como el ejemplo más acabado de narración lineal y ascendente. En este trabajo pretendo mostrar una aproximación narratológica diferente a las intentadas hasta ahora, usando como fuente la Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos de Gonzalo de Berceo. Para eso, me centraré en aquellos aspectos que contradigan o escapen a esa supuesta linealidad y muestren la textura conflictiva y dialéctica del relato. Esto permitirá apreciar que el texto,lejos de presentar un ascenso armonioso, es un arduo recorrido muchas veces circular y repetitivo, a través de intentos de dar una resolución simbólica a conflictos reales como la relación entre la vida contemplativa y la vida sacerdotal, el poder eclesiástico y el poder secular o la libertad humana y la omnipotencia divina.

El camino no tan sencillo a la santidad : Aproximaciones narratológicas a la Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos de Gonzalo de Berceo

Desde que críticos como Aldo Ruffinato o Baños Vallejo comenzaron a estudiar la hagiografía española medieval basándose en la teoría narratológica de Bremond, este género se concibió como el ejemplo más acabado de narración lineal y ascendente. En este trabajo pretendo mostrar una aproximación narratológica diferente a las intentadas hasta ahora, usando como fuente la Vida de Santo Domingo de Silos de Gonzalo de Berceo. Para eso, me centraré en aquellos aspectos que contradigan o escapen a esa supuesta linealidad y muestren la textura conflictiva y dialéctica del relato. Esto permitirá apreciar que el texto,lejos de presentar un ascenso armonioso, es un arduo recorrido muchas veces circular y repetitivo, a través de intentos de dar una resolución simbólica a conflictos reales como la relación entre la vida contemplativa y la vida sacerdotal, el poder eclesiástico y el poder secular o la libertad humana y la omnipotencia divina.

Composition of bottom sediments from the Campeche Bank

A complete section of an unconsolidated sedimentary sequence about 5 m thick was sampled in the western margin of the Campeche Bank with use of gravity cores. The sequence forms a flat sea bottom at depth of 51-53 m and rests on a consolidated basement composed of coral limestones and carbonate sandstones. Initiation of deposition of unconsolidated sediments in this area is related to a sea transgression caused by sea level rise that followed the Würm glaciation stage about 10-11 ky ago. Analysis of grain size and chemical compositions of sediments and study of biogenic carbonate remains made it possible to outline environmental changes in this region during the last 10 ky.

Determinación del coeficiente de rozamiento grano-pared en silos de pared corrugada mediante el método de los elementos discretos

El comportamiento de los materiales granulares almacenados en silos se ve afectado por varios parámetros, tanto aquellos característicos del material como de la geometría del silo. La determinación del coeficiente de rozamiento pared-partícula es uno de los parámetros de mayor importancia, siendo habituales en su determinación el uso de ensayos de corte directo. En el presente trabajo se estudia dicho coeficiente para el supuesto de una pared corrugada, el cual, teóricamente, debe representar a un valor efectivo que depende tanto del coeficiente de rozamiento grano-pared (para el caso de una pared lisa) y el ángulo de rozamiento interno del material. La determinación del rozamiento efectivo se ha realizado a través de la simulación por elementos discretos de un ensayo de corte sobre una pared corrugada. Los valores obtenidos han sido comparados con las prescripciones expuestas en la normativa vigente. La potencialidad del método de los elementos discretos permite el estudio de diversas configuraciones geométricas de la pared corrugada de los silos sin necesidad de realizar ensayos de laboratorio. Esto permitirá, en trabajos sucesivos, investigar la influencia de muy diversos factores en el valor del rozamiento efectivo grano-pared en este tipo de paredes. The mechanical behaviour of granular materials stored in silos is affected by numerous parameters, some of them being related to the characteristic of the stored materials and others to the geometry of the silo. The determination of the particle-wall friction coefficient (or wall friction) is of great importance and direct shear tests are usually conducted in order to obtain its value. In this work this variable is analysed for the case of a corrugated wall. This value is expected to be an effective value between the particle-wall friction coefficient (obtained for a flat wall) and the internal friction coefficient of the material under study. The effective wall friction determination has been carried out by using a discrete element model to simulate a direct shear test on a corrugated wall. The values obtained have been compared with prescriptions given in the current standards. The potential of the discrete element method allows different geometries of the silo corrugated wall to be considered without the necessity of developing laboratory tests. In future works it will allow the influence of numerous parameters on the effective wall friction in corrugated walls to be studied.

Circular no. 1-30.

1896]--no. 9. Wild garlic. [By L.D. Dewey, 1897] Rev. ed.,

Indentation failure of circular composite sandwich plates

A. Rajaneesh and A. R. Akisanya acknowledge the financial support from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore through award of Graduate Scholarship and Tan Chin Tuan (TCT) Visiting Fellowship, respectively. I. Sridhar thanks British High Commission, Singapore for facilitating a Collaborative Development Award (CDA) to visit UK Universities for research collaboration.

Indentation failure of circular composite sandwich plates

A. Rajaneesh and A. R. Akisanya acknowledge the financial support from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore through award of Graduate Scholarship and Tan Chin Tuan (TCT) Visiting Fellowship, respectively. I. Sridhar thanks British High Commission, Singapore for facilitating a Collaborative Development Award (CDA) to visit UK Universities for research collaboration.

Bottom-up growth of fully transparent contact layers of indium tin oxide nanowires for light-emitting devices

Thin layers of indium tin oxide are widely used as transparent coatings and electrodes in solar energy cells, flat-panel displays, antireflection coatings, radiation protection and lithium-ion battery materials, because they have the characteristics of low resistivity, strong absorption at ultraviolet wavelengths, high transmission in the visible, high reflectivity in the far-infrared and strong attenuation in the microwave region. However, there is often a trade-off between electrical conductivity and transparency at visible wavelengths for indium tin oxide and other transparent conducting oxides. Here, we report the growth of layers of indium tin oxide nanowires that show optimum electronic and photonic properties and demonstrate their use as fully transparent top contacts in the visible to near-infrared region for light-emitting devices.