Mapeamento do uso da terra, vegetação e impactos ambientais por meio de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento

The mapping of the land use, vegetation and environmental impacts using remote sensing ana geoprocessmg allow detection, spatial representation and quantification of the alterations caused by the human action on the nature, contributing to the monitoring and planning of those activities that may cause damages to the environment. This study apply methodologies based on digital processing of orbital images for the mapping of the land use, vegetation and anthropic activities that cause impacts in the environment. It was considered a test area in the district of Assistência and surroundings, in Rio Claro (SP) region. The methodology proposed was checked through the crossing of maps in the software GIS - Idrisi. These maps either obtained with conventional interpretation of aerial photos of 1995, digitized in the software CAD Overlay and geo-referenced in the AutoCAD Map, or with the application of digital classification systems on SPOT-XS and PAN orbital images of 1995, followed by field observations. The crossing of conventional and digital maps of a same area with the CIS allows to verify the overall results obtained through the computational handling of orbital images. With the use of digital processing techniques, specially multiespectral classification, it is possible to detect automatically and visually the impacts related to the mineral extraction, as well as to survey the land use, vegetation and environmental impacts.

Geoprocessamento aplicado na distribuição espacial da capacidade de uso de uma microbacia

The present study aimed to show the spatial distribution of the Rochas watershed (Avaré-SP, Brazil) soil use capacity using the Idrisi geographical information system in order to contribute to a better territorial organization and the planning of the appropriate soil occupation. The obtained results using this methodology showed that most of the Rocha watershed areas are from the following groups: dystrophic yellow-red latosol (36.64%), eutroferric and distroferric red latosol (30.30%) with sandy texture. There was a predominance of areas with slope classes of 0-12%, plain to wavy relief (61.37% of the watershed area) showing that these areas are appropriate for annual culture plantations with wide use of machinery. Most of these areas were classified as class IV (73.79%) as to use capacity. In the studied area the following subclasses of land use capacity were found: IIe, s; IIIe; IVe; IVs; IVe,s; VIe and VIIe. Capacity subclasses IVe; IVe,s; IVs and Vie were the most significant because they are areas that can be used for agriculture but subject to severe soil impoverishment if there are no special care mainly for annual cultures. The Idrisi geographical information system was efficient to determine soil use capacity of the Rocha's watershed showing that the use of geoprocessing tools makes data analysis easier and faster, allowing digital data storage for future analysis uses mainly for territorial planning and environmental studies.

Geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto aplicado na determinação da aptidão agrícola de uma microbacia

Soil use for the development of activities as agriculture and livestock has been causing great alterations in the environment, mainly when these are practiced intensively, disrespecting the fragility and aptitude of the natural resources. Therefore, it is essential that the planning of the agricultural activities is done, taking into consideration the several environmental criteria involved in the decision-making process. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the agricultural aptitude classes of lands from a watershed through geographical information system (GIS). The Arroio Ajuricaba watershed is located in the Municipality of Marechal Cândido Rondon - PR among the coordinates UTM 787309m E and 793892m E; 7275026m N and 7281310m N, in the Spindle 21, presenting an area of 1681ha. Soil maps, in semi detail scale, was the digital cartographic base used. The results allowed to conclude that 42.41% of the basin presented a good aptitude for farming in handling level of high technology (handling level C), regular aptitude for B, and restricted aptitude for A [class 1(a)bC] and that 12% of the area had regular aptitude for farming in the three handling levels (class 1abc). The watershed lands (14.24%) presented regular aptitude for farming in handling level C, restricted aptitude for B, and inapt for A [class of aptitude 2(b)c]; 15.85% presented good aptitude for planted pasture (class 4P) and 12.21% were considered without aptitude for agricultural use (class 6). We can say that 71.94% of the lands has aptitude for farming, although they present different degrees of limitations that request different treatments for its conservation.

Alternativas para o tratamento da esquistossomose: Caracterizacao fisico-quimica do complexo de inclusao entre praziquantel e hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina

Praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug of choice commonly used for the treatment of shistosomiasis. However, it has low aqueous solubility, which could limit its bioavailability in the body. To circumvent these features, an inclusion complex with hydroxypropyl-beta- cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was prepared. Thus, the objective of this work was to prepare and characterize the PZQ/HP-β-CD inclusion complex. Morphological, spectroscopic, and calorimetric analysis showed the first signs of the guest/host interaction. The complexation kinetic analysis was used to determine the kinetic constant and, besides that, it was possible to establish the time consumed to reach equilibrium. Using the solubility isotherm, it was observed that the interaction with HP-β-CD increased 2.4 fold the aqueous solubility of plain PZQ. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, using fibroblast cells, evidenced no toxicity for these cells at the concentrations tested. These results demonstrated that there is a potential use of PZQ in formulations with HP-β-CD.

Aplicação de técnica de geoprocessamento em áreas degradadas de mata ciliar e sua correlação com qualidade da água numa subbacia hidrográfica

Studying the physical environment of a watershed is the basic condition for a successful planning of the riparian forest preservation, and for water production and conservation. The aims of the present study were to analyze and quantify the spatial and temporal evolution (1984 and 2010) using Landsat-5 satellite images of Cintra Stream sub-watershed, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, processed by the software IDRISI Andes, as well as to analyze the water quality through the parameters pH, EC, DO and BOD5 at 4 different sites in the years 1999, 2008 and 2009. Considering the 1076.48ha area of the sub-watershed, the pasture class of 1984 was reduced by 25.55% in 2010, resulting in an increase in the remaining classes. The most important class was native forest and reforestation since it had an increase of 5.08%, which indicates recovery of the riparian forest. Degraded areas were identified close to the inferior limit of the sub-watershed (P3 and P4), as well as local contamination (P1 and P2) with worsening of the water quality in the remaining sites in the periods 2008 and 2009. Recovery and management of the ecological succession of degraded areas and water quality monitoring at 1 and 2 sites will be necessary to reestablish the natural condition of the area studied.

Regionalização do território de Tambaú (SP) em microbacias hidrográficas e técnicas de geoprocessamento e análise espacial como insumos a gestão governamental

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Diagnóstico turístico da estrada do Cardoso no município de Bela Vista do Paraíso – PR utilizando o geoprocessamento

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Geoprocessamento aplicado no diagnóstico físico-ambiental do Ribeirão Descalvado, Botucatu-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Geoprocessamento na identificação de ilhas de calor e influência do uso e ocupação do solo na temperatura aparente da superfície no município de Botucatu/SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Geoprocessamento aplicado no uso e ocupação do solo no município de Lençóis Paulista/SP: Milena Montanholi Mileski. -

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento aplicado ao estudo temporal do uso da terra e na comparação entre classificação não supervisionada e análise visual

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Geoprocessamento aplicado ao mapeamento do índice de vulnerabilidade DRASTIC, no Sistema Aquífero Guarani em Ribeirão Bonito - SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Levantamento e caracterização dos atrativos naturais da Bacia do Rio Passa Cinco, através de geoprocessamento

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Proposta para indicação de áreas para a implantação de aterro sanitário no município de Bauru-SP, utilizando análise multi critério de decisão e técnicas de geoprocessamento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Geoprocessamento aplicado ao desenvolvimento de uma base de dados do Município de Botucatu

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)