959 resultados para Enunciado linguístico


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Impulsionados pelo expressivo aumento da visibilidade do Brasil no exterior, muitos profissionais e estudantes estrangeiros têm procurado por cursos de Português Língua Estrangeira (PLE). Os professores que atuam na área de PLE deparam-se com turmas que são heterogêneas não só quanto às nacionalidades, mas também quanto às línguas‐culturas. Eles encontram dificuldades para achar materiais que possibilitem o trabalho com este público heterogêneo. Nesta dissertação, visamos contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento das práticas de sala de aula, notadamente as que concernem à produção oral em turmas heterogêneas do ponto de vista linguístico- cultural. Procuramos mostrar como se pode desenvolver o trabalho da produção oral em contexto heterogêneo. Para isso, apoiamo-nos nos pressupostos teóricos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (Teoria dos Gêneros, modelo de Sequência Didática) e do ensino-aprendizagem de línguas baseado em Tarefas. Metodologicamente, adotamos a pesquisa-ação, descrevemos os sujeitos, o locus, os instrumentos de coleta, de seleção e o foco de análise dos dados da pesquisa. Analisamos a primeira parte da tarefa e da sequência didática elaboradas para mostrar em que medida colocar em foco a heterogeneidade linguístico-cultural pode favorecer a interação visando à compreensão das diferentes línguas culturas. Os resultados mostram que esse tipo de intervenção didática favorece tanto o desenvolvimento da produção oral, quanto a compreensão dos aprendentes e os leva a aceitarem as diferenças linguístico-culturais.

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Este estudo pretende discutir algumas questões relacionadas às estratégias persuasivas adotadas em Agosto, de Rubem Fonseca, buscando desvendar na relação dialética entre enunciador e enunciatário, o modo como se opera o entrecruzamento da ficção e da história e os efeitos de sentido que daí decorrem.  Palavras-chave: Ficção, discurso histórico, enunciação, persuasão, sentido.

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Investigou-se o perfil cognitivo-linguístico de escolares com dificuldades na aquisição da linguagem escrita acrescentando-se testes específicos em um modelo de resposta à intervenção (identificação e intervenção precoces do risco para transtorno de leitura). Participaram 45 escolares do 2º ano, idade média de 7 anos de ambos os gêneros, divididos em grupo controle (sem dificuldades, n = 32) e grupo de risco (com dificuldades, n = 13). Escores mais de 1,65 DP abaixo da média do grupo controle para cada teste foram considerados déficits específicos. Enquanto a análise de grupo apontou os prejuízos fonológicos como único fator de risco, a individual acrescentou a inatenção e a nomeação rápida como fatores causais independentes. Um modelo ampliado de resposta à intervenção que inclui a avaliação cognitiva é proposto.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Fonoaudiologia - FFC

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OBJECTIVE: the aim of this study was to compare the cognitive-linguistic skills performance and reading of students with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder and students without behavioral and/or learning disorders. METHOD: the study included 20 students from 5th to 8th grade of elementary school. The students were divided into: Group I (GI): composed by 10 students with an interdisciplinary diagnosis of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, and Group II (GII): composed by 10 students without complaints of behavioral and/or learning disorders. The tests of metalinguistic skills and reading (PROHMELE) were used as procedure, composed of syllabic and phonemic identification, syllabic and phonemic manipulation, repetition of nonwords and reading tests. RESULTS: the results showed statistically significant differences between GI and GII, demonstrating that students from GI presented superior performances when compared to the students from GII. CONCLUSION: according to the findings of this study we can conclude that the difficulties presented by students with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder can be attributed to inattention, hyperactivity and disorganization, characteristic of this diagnosis, and not to a disorder of language of phonological basis.

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We intend to observe the function of a linguistic resource – the pause – in theatrical interpretation. Connected to the field of speech therapy, we search for theoretical support in the Linguistics field, mainly in prosodic phonology – specifically, we highlight intonational phrase and phonological utterance, prosodic constituents –, proposing a dialogue between these fields, regarding the work with actors. In speech therapy literature, the work with actors focuses, centrally, in organic issues involved in the vocal process, such as “misuse” or “voice abuse”. To a smaller extent, we find, in this literature, researches that emphasize issues regarding interpretation and expressive resources, besides a few emphasizing the importance of linguistic resources in interpretation. Differently, in linguistics literature, the pause is approached, to a larger extent, from the phonetic perspective, related to several language levels. In this research, we analyzed audio recordings of four actors from a same theatrical group, acting the theatrical text Brutas flores, focused on these aims: (1) detect the place where pauses happen in the interpretation of a single text by four actors; (2) survey physical characteristics of length of these pauses; (3) check to what extent the length of a pause is related to the place where it happens, regarding the prosodic limits of intonational phrases (I) and phonological utterance (U). We could observe that, although the interpretation is characterized by the subjectivity of the actor, the interpretation is constructed based in the possibilities offered by the prosodic organization of the text itself, being more or less flexible.We were also able to confirm, by considering the length of VVs units containing pauses, the prosodic hierarchy proposed by Nespor & Vogel, once the length of these units in U's limits was significantly higher than the length in I's limits. Thus, our results reinforce the premise that a linguistic structure overlaps the subjectivity of the actor, i. e., the premise that the strength of linguistic structure organization acts on the possible individual operation/style.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Buscando contribuir e mesmo incentivar novos e mais aprofundados estudos sobre o modo como os dialetos do português são tratados e apresentados à população brasileira, o presente trabalho procura realizar uma breve análise da construção e abordagem do humor nos dicionários de dialetos do português do Brasil, bem como classificar os tipos de dicionários existentes. Busca-se, sobretudo, estudar quais os mecanismos utilizados para provocar o riso, como se reproduz determinado modo de falar e se por traz disto tudo há alguma manifestação velada de preconceito linguístico

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The lexicon of a language shows the way the community views the world, in its different aspects. Hence, through the study of the lexicon we can get a clearer idea of the different forms of prejudice present in a society. The aim of this study is to present reflections and theories concerning obscene lexical items and linguistics taboos associated to them, and to discuss the linguistic prejudice that this kind of lexicon may suffer.

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The comparison between linguistic change and biologic evolution is a subject that has caused and still causes much controversy among linguists and other academics that see, in this parallel, problems related to similar attempts in the nineteenth century by Social Darwinism, which approached the biological evolution with social and cultural development of a people. However, this paper aims to show that today this parallel is not built in the same way as was done before. Names like William Labov, Salikoko Mufwene, Jonathan West and Hildo Honorio do Couto in linguistics; Charles Darwin in biology; and Tom Ingold and Clifford Geertz in anthropology, showed that areas of Humanities, such as linguistics and anthropology, and of Biological Sciences, as phylogeny and genetics, are likely to be worked together by the great similarities between processes that compose them. Thus, based on the writings of these authors and some others, this paper presents this theme’s controversy; it shows the similarities between characteristics of languages and species; it seeks through the concepts MA Mental, MA Social and MA Natural of the languages (coined by Couto on Linguística, ecologia e ecolinguística: contato de línguas) to develop ideas of how it is possible to think the language change in the light of Darwin's concept, Natural Selection; and finally, it shows that the parallel theme is rather productive, based on the texts and discussions presented in the whole paper, and that the controversy has been being dissolved with more and more people working on the parallel between language and species

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The project Teletandem, linked to the Centro de Línguas e Desenvolvimento de Professores UNESP/Assis, promotes the interaction between undergraduates students in Languages and undergraduates students from foreign universities in order to promote the teaching of Portuguese for those who do not speak Portuguese and give an opportunity to Brazilian students to learn a foreign language. Therefore there is a different context that can result in new forms of statements produced in this specific area of human activity. The present paper aims to present a description of Teletandem sessions as a discursive gender according to the gender theory, showing the multiplicity of discursive genders that emerge during an interaction. We also intend to verify the levels of Critical Language Awareness among Brazilian participants according to the Critical Discourse Analysis.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Nowadays questions involving the use of social and cult language approach at the school has produced discussions between teachers, thus the use of the linguistics registers different of that considered correct aren’t accept or analyzed in the context of the classroom, although the national curriculum framework recommend it. So, there are many difficulties of socialization by the students principally that ones who come from the surrounding regions, if they use the linguistics approach differently of the accepted as a model. The objective of this paper is to analyze those questions, involving variation and prejudice in the classroom context, from the Sociolinguistics point of view how this science has been applied in the classroom context, considering the curriculum proposals of 1992 and the national curriculum .