Sistema eléctrico y de control de potencia de un túnel aerodinámico = Design of the power distribution and control system for a wind tunnel facility

El proyecto está basado en el estudio de la planta de potencia de un túnel aerodinámico. Para ello se ha realizado una breve introducción definiendo qué es un túnel aerodinámico, cuál es su propósito, qué tipos hay, etc. Posteriormente se ha escogido un tipo concreto de túnel entre todas las posibilidades y se ha procedido a su estudio. Se ha definido una forma y unas dimensiones y tras calcular las pérdidas de carga, se ha seleccionado la planta de potencia necesaria para compensar dichas pérdidas, dimensionándose también las conexiones de esta desde la acometida de potencia eléctrica. Por último se han dimensionado las conexiones correspondientes a la iluminación y los servicios que competen al túnel aerodinámico.

Fault location in power distribution networks with distributed generation.

This research presents the development and implementation of fault location algorithms in power distribution networks with distributed generation units installed along their feeders. The proposed algorithms are capable of locating the fault based on voltage and current signals recorded by intelligent electronic devices installed at the end of the feeder sections, information to compute the loads connected to these feeders and their electric characteristics, and the operating status of the network. In addition, this work presents the study of analytical models of distributed generation and load technologies that could contribute to the performance of the proposed fault location algorithms. The validation of the algorithms was based on computer simulations using network models implemented in ATP, whereas the algorithms were implemented in MATLAB.

A cognitive genetic algorithm for power distribution system planning

Power systems are large scale nonlinear systems with high complexity. Various optimization techniques and expert systems have been used in power system planning. However, there are always some factors that cannot be quantified, modeled, or even expressed by expert systems. Moreover, such planning problems are often large scale optimization problems. Although computational algorithms that are capable of handling large dimensional problems can be used, the computational costs are still very high. To solve these problems, in this paper, investigation is made to explore the efficiency and effectiveness of combining mathematic algorithms with human intelligence. It had been discovered that humans can join the decision making progresses by cognitive feedback. Based on cognitive feedback and genetic algorithm, a new algorithm called cognitive genetic algorithm is presented. This algorithm can clarify and extract human's cognition. As an important application of this cognitive genetic algorithm, a practical decision method for power distribution system planning is proposed. By using this decision method, the optimal results that satisfy human expertise can be obtained and the limitations of human experts can be minimized in the mean time.

Two-dimensional optical power distribution of side-out-coupled radiation from tilted FBGs in multimode fibre

Two-dimensional optical power distribution of the out-coupled radiation from UV-inscribed tilted fibre Bragg gratings (TFBGs) in multimode fibre (MMF) has been side-detected with high spatial/spectral resolution, showing a near-identical radiation mode profile to that measured from the fibre-end detection method. A comparative investigation of the radiation characteristics of TFBGs fabricated in singlemode fibre (SMF) and MMF clearly indicates that the radiation out-coupling is stronger and spatially more confined in MMF. The unique spatial-to-spectral encoding property of the coupling mechanism offers potential application in low-cost WDM devices.

Two-dimensional optical power distribution of side-out-coupled radiation from tilted FBGs in multimode fibre

Two-dimensional optical power distribution of the out-coupled radiation from UV-inscribed tilted fibre Bragg gratings (TFBGs) in multimode fibre (MMF) has been side-detected with high spatial/spectral resolution, showing a near-identical radiation mode profile to that measured from the fibre-end detection method. A comparative investigation of the radiation characteristics of TFBGs fabricated in singlemode fibre (SMF) and MMF clearly indicates that the radiation out-coupling is stronger and spatially more confined in MMF. The unique spatial-to-spectral encoding property of the coupling mechanism offers potential application in low-cost WDM devices.

Two-dimensional optical power distribution of side-out-coupled radiation from tilted FBGs in multimode fibre

Two-dimensional optical power distribution of the out-coupled radiation from UV-inscribed tilted fibre Bragg gratings (TFBG) in multimode fibre (MMF) has been side-detected with high spatial spectral resolution, showing a near-identical radiation mode profile to that measured from the fibre-end detection method. A comparative investigation of the radiation characteristics of TFBGs fabricated in singlemode fibre (SMF) and MMF clearly indicates that the radiation out-coupling is stronger and spatially more confined in MMF. The unique spatial-to-spectral encoding property of the coupling mechanism offers potential application in low-cost WDM devices.

Experimental and theoretical study of longitudinal power distribution in a random DFB fiber laser

We have measured the longitudinal power distribution inside a random distributed feedback Raman fiber laser. The observed distribution has a sharp maximum whose position depends on pump power. The spatial distribution profiles are different for the first and the second Stokes waves. Both analytic solution and results of direct numerical modeling are in excellent agreement with experimental observations. © 2012 Optical Society of America.

Longitudinal power distribution in a random DFB fiber laser

We have measured the longitudinal power distribution inside a random distributed feedback fiber laser. Both analytic solution and results of direct numerical modeling are in excellent agreement with experimental observations. © 2012 OSA.

Local Storage Meets Local Demand: A Technical Solution to Future Power Distribution System

Future power systems are expected to integrate large-scale stochastic and intermittent generation and load due to reduced use of fossil fuel resources, including renewable energy sources (RES) and electric vehicles (EV). Inclusion of such resources poses challenges for the dynamic stability of synchronous transmission and distribution networks, not least in terms of generation where system inertia may not be wholly governed by large-scale generation but displaced by small-scale and localised generation. Energy storage systems (ESS) can limit the impact of dispersed and distributed generation by offering supporting reserve while accommodating large-scale EV connection; the latter (load) also participating in storage provision. In this paper, a local energy storage system (LESS) is proposed. The structure, requirement and optimal sizing of the LESS are discussed. Three operating modes are detailed, including: 1) storage pack management; 2) normal operation; and 3) contingency operation. The proposed LESS scheme is evaluated using simulation studies based on data obtained from the Northern Ireland regional and residential network.

AUTONOMOUS POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Using robotic systems for many missions that require power distribution can decrease the need for human intervention in such missions significantly. For accomplishing this capability a robotic system capable of autonomous navigation, power systems adaptation, and establishing physical connection needs to be developed. This thesis presents developed path planning and navigation algorithms for an autonomous ground power distribution system. In this work, a survey on existing path planning methods along with two developed algorithms by author is presented. One of these algorithms is a simple path planner suitable for implementation on lab-size platforms. A navigation hierarchy is developed for experimental validation of the path planner and proof of concept for autonomous ground power distribution system in lab environment. The second algorithm is a robust path planner developed for real-size implementation based on lessons learned from lab-size experiments. The simulation results illustrates that the algorithm is efficient and reliable in unknown environments. Future plans for developing intelligent power electronics and integrating them with robotic systems is presented. The ultimate goal is to create a power distribution system capable of regulating power flow at a desired voltage and frequency adaptable to load demands.

A NEW DC UPS FOR DC POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN DATA CENTER

In recent years, the 380V DC and 48V DC distribution systems have been extensively studied for the latest data centers. It is widely believed that the 380V DC system is a very promising candidate because of its lower cable cost compared to the 48V DC system. However, previous studies have not adequately addressed the low reliability issue with the 380V DC systems due to large amount of series connected batteries. In this thesis, a quantitative comparison for the two systems has been presented in terms of efficiency, reliability and cost. A new multi-port DC UPS with both high voltage output and low voltage output is proposed. When utility ac is available, it delivers power to the load through its high voltage output and charges the battery through its low voltage output. When utility ac is off, it boosts the low battery voltage and delivers power to the load form the battery. Thus, the advantages of both systems are combined and the disadvantages of them are avoided. High efficiency is also achieved as only one converter is working in either situation. Details about the design and analysis of the new UPS are presented. For the main AC-DC part of the new UPS, a novel bridgeless three-level single-stage AC-DC converter is proposed. It eliminates the auxiliary circuit for balancing the capacitor voltages and the two bridge rectifier diodes in previous topology. Zero voltage switching, high power factor, and low component stresses are achieved with this topology. Compared to previous topologies, the proposed converter has a lower cost, higher reliability, and higher efficiency. The steady state operation of the converter is analyzed and a decoupled model is proposed for the converter. For the battery side converter as a part of the new UPS, a ZVS bidirectional DC-DC converter based on self-sustained oscillation control is proposed. Frequency control is used to ensure the ZVS operation of all four switches and phase shift control is employed to regulate the converter output power. Detailed analysis of the steady state operation and design of the converter are presented. Theoretical, simulation, and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed concepts.

Properties and Inference on the Skew-Curved-Symmetric Family of Distributions

In this article, we study some results related to a specific class of distributions, called skew-curved-symmetric family of distributions that depends on a parameter controlling the skewness and kurtosis at the same time. Special elements of this family which are studied include symmetric and well-known asymmetric distributions. General results are given for the score function and the observed information matrix. It is shown that the observed information matrix is always singular for some special cases. We illustrate the flexibility of this class of distributions with an application to a real dataset on characteristics of Australian athletes.