La nueva izquierda latinoamericana y la experiencia del polo democrático alternativo

La presente investigación buscó describir y analizar el significado y las implicaciones de la nueva izquierda en América latina durante la última década, y en particular, la trayectoria y posibilidades de la izquierda colombiana y su más reciente experiencia unitaria representada en el Polo Democrático Alternativo. Para abordar este desafío se adopta la perspectiva planteada por varios autores latinoamericanos, en particular Emir Sader, director ejecutivo de CLACSO, que advierte la existencia de una crisis hegemónica del poder dominante y rescata el uso de categorías de Antonio Gramsci como hegemonía y guerra de posiciones, para reelaborar una nueva estrategia de orientación del sujeto socio político emergente en las resistencias populares que se viven en Latinoamérica. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, la investigación es de carácter cualitativo y se desarrolló principalmente a través de revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas semiestructuradas a dirigentes representativos de la izquierda latinoamericana representada en el Foro de Sao Paulo y en el PDA. Se considera que los resultados de la presente investigación resultan de interés para la comunidad de investigadores y dirigentes políticos, ya que contribuye a la comprensión de una tendencia ideológica y política en desarrollo que evidencia debates importantes como: 1. La redefinición de la categoría política izquierda; 2. las contradicciones existentes sobre el balance y las perspectivas de la nueva izquierda latinoamericana; 3. El papel de la izquierda colombiana 4. La experiencia y el devenir del Polo Democrático Alternativo.

Sensibilidad y cultura

Se impone, el que los docentes nos constituyamos en seres sensibles, en seres de ilusión, de esperanza, de optimismo, en seres de pasión y entrega por el trabajo y por la vida, porque esta es la imagen que podremos hacer realidad en nuestros alumnos.

La educación musical en el califato de Córdoba.

Resumen tomado de la revista. Resumen en Inglés

Información a la Comunidad : modelo de planificación e implantación del servicio en bibliotecas públicas de España y Brasil.

Contribuir al desarrollo en las Bibliotecas Públicas de España y Brasil de los servicios de información a la comunidad. . La población de Brasil se caracteriza por un gran número de analfabetos, de desempleados y con un alto índice de mortalidad infantil. Por eso, gran parte de su población no tiene acceso a la información que ofrecen las bibliotecas públicas, y precisa de tal tipo de información..

El acceso y la comprensión de la información como factores básicos para la inclusión social.

Se presentan las principales líneas de actuación del Instituto brasileño de informação em ciência e tecnologia (IBICT), actuando como facilitador de oportunidades de redes de información en pro de la superación de las barreras socioeconómicas y culturales, y de la inserción digital. El IBICT desarrolla estrategias que faciliten a la sociedad brasileña el acceso universal a la información por medio de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Se muestran las bases del programa de inclusión social desarrollado por el IBICT, incluyendo una descripción de los proyectos de inclusión social y digital entro los que se incluyen: Mapa de inclusión digital en Brasil; Centro de referencia en inclusión digital (CENRID); Biblioteca Nacional de Brasilia; Corredor digital indígena; Corredor digital rural; Servicio brasileño de respuestas técnicas (SBRT); y Red de tecnología social (RTS).

Muley Hassan Ben El Mehdi, Califa de Marruecos, visita el Instituto Ramiro de Maeztu.

Crónica de la visita que el Jalifa de Marruecos, Muley Hassan Ben el Mehdi, al Instituto de Enseñanza Media Ramiro de Maeztu, donde estudiaba su hijo el Emir heredero del Jalifato, el tercer curso de Bachillerato. El Jalifa, después de asistir a una exhibición gimnástica en la que participaba su propio hijo, hizo un recorrido por las instalaciones del Instituto. Después recibió de manos de su hijo, Mehdi Ben Hassan, el cuaderno-resumen de sus trabajos escolares. Por último el Jalifa asistió a la filmación de un documental basado en un día en la vida diaria de su hijo en el Ramiro de Maeztu.

Europe’s New Post-Trade Infrastructure Rules. ECMI Policy Brief No. 20, 8 November 2012

After more than a decade of indecision, the EU is finally now set to implement a consistent regulatory architecture for clearing and settlement. Following the agreement on a European market infrastructure Regulation (EMIR), the European Commission has proposed harmonised rules for centralised settlement depositaries (CSDs), while the European Central Bank is moving forward with its plans for a central eurozone settlement engine. This paper analyses three components of the new post-trade infrastructure measures: 1) the regulatory framework for and supervision of central counterparties under the new EMIR legislation, 2) the authorisation requirements of trade repositories and 3) the draft CSD Regulation and the progress with the ECB’s Target 2 Securities project. It then discusses the impact of the new rules, and argues that, analogous to the unexpected impact of MiFID on trading infrastructures, a similar EMIR revolution may be on its way.

Criação do valor da marca em uma instituição de ensino superior : estudo de caso de uma universidade comunitária

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o processo de criação de uma marca de valor em uma Universidae Comunitária de Ensino Superior, buscando descrever as ações que foram executadas durante três gestôes continuadas de um mesmo administrador. Buscou-se comparar as ações efetivadas com as recomendações da revisão bibliográfica. Foram analisadas as repercussões na comunidade através da percepção da imagem pelos públicos de relacionamento. As informações e dados foram coletados a partir da análise documental e de entrevistas exploratórias não estruturadas, que confirmaram as hipóteses descritas na teoria e que o estudo de caso constatou na prática. A análise elaborada possibilita verificar os fatores contribuintes e dificultantes, e são representadas consideraçãoes que podem contribuir na efetiva adoção de uma estrutura de criaçãode valor de marca para Instituições de Ensino Superior. Os resultados constatados na IES estudada, demonstraram a importância do fortalecimento da marca como diferenciador da oferta. Tendo em vista as tendências das políticas governamentais de expansão do ensino e as transformações que estão ocorrendo no mundo globalizado, o posicionamento de valor percebido de uma marca passa a ser decisório para a sobrevivência da IES.

Method for estimating railroad track settlements due to dynamic traffic loads

This paper is the result of real-scale physical modeling study designed to simulate the load-deformation characteristics of railroad foundation systems that include the railroad ties, the ballast, and the sub-base layers of a railroad embankment. The study presents comparisons of the application of dynamic loads of 100kN on the rails, and the resulting deformations during a 500,000 cycle testing period for three rail support systems; wood, concrete and steel. The results show that the deformation curve has an exponential shape, with the larger portion of the deformation occurring during the first 50,000 load cycles followed by a tendency to stabilize between 100,000 to 500,000 cycles. These results indicate that the critical phase of deformations of a new railroad is within the first 50,000 cycles of loading, and after that, it slowly attenuates as it approaches a stable value. The paper also presents empirically derived formulations for the estimation of the deformations of the rail supports as a result of rail traffic.

Ideologia e política em José Enrique Rodó: liberalismo e jacobinismo no Uruguai (1895-1917)

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Crescimento e produção de pirarucu, Arapaima gigas, sob diferentes densidades de estocagem em associação com búfalas leiteiras

Com o objetivo de avaliar quatro densidades de estocagem de pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) e identificar a que proporcione melhor desempenho produtivo em ganho de peso e comprimento, para viabilizar o seu cultivo intensivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa, durante 360 dias, utilizando as densidades de cinco, dez, quinze e 20 peixes por 100 m² de viveiro, fornecendo-se tilápias vivas como alimento, capturada sem açude de manejo de búfalas leiteiras, equivalente a 6% do peso vivo dos peixes, durante quatro dias por semana. Os animais foram agrupados aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos e duas repetições. Os dados foram analisados com base na aplicação do modelo exponencial de crescimento, tendo sido obtidas as expressões matemáticas para cada densidade de estocagem. Foram feitas analises de regressão linear simples. O crescimento em peso e comprimento do pirarucu varia de acordo com a sua taxa de estocagem, entretanto, até os 120 dias de cultivo não houve diferenças em peso nas quatro densidades estudadas. Os valores do coeficiente angular da relação peso/comprimento do pirarucu demonstram que o seu crescimento e do tipo alométrico. O comprimento total máximo foi de 107,66 cm e peso total máximo de 13,43 kg, na densidade de cinco peixes/100 m². Entretanto, a maior biomassa, de 85,69 kg/100 m², foi observada na densidade de dez peixes/100 m², o que a indica como sendo a mais adequada para utilização em cultivo intensivo. O excelente desenvolvimento ponderal do pirarucu indica o potencial de cultivo dessa espécie, em sistema intensivo de criação associada com búfalas leiteiras.

Corneal wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin-C for hyperopia after radial keratotomy: Two-year follow-up

PURPOSE: To assess corneal wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) to correct hyperopia after radial keratotomy (RK). SETTING: Sadalla Amin Ghanem Eye Hospital, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil. DESIGN: Case series. METHODS: Excimer laser corneal wavefront-guided PRK with intraoperative mitomycin-C (MMC) 0.02% was performed. Main outcome measures were uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, spherical equivalent (SE), corneal aberrations, and haze. RESULTS: The mean time between RK and PRK in the 61 eyes (39 patients) was 18.8 years +/- 3.8 (SD). Before PRK, the mean SE was +4.17 +/- 1.97 diopters (D); the mean astigmatism, -1.39 +/- 1.04 D; and the mean CDVA, 0.161 +/- 0.137 logMAR. At 24 months, the mean values were 0.14 +/- 0.99 D (P<.001), -1.19 +/- 1.02 D (P=.627), and 0.072 +/- 0.094 logMAR (P<.001), respectively; the mean UDVA was 0.265 +/- 0.196 (P<.001). The UDVA was 20/25 or better in 37.7% of eyes and 20/40 or better in 68.9%. The CDVA improved by 1 or more lines in 62.3% of eyes. Two eyes (3.3%) lost 2 or more lines, 1 due to corneal ectasia. Thirty eyes (49.2%) were within +/- 0.50 D of intended SE and 45 (73.8%) were within +/- 1.00 D. From 6 to 24 months, the mean SE regression was +0.39 D (P<.05). A significant decrease in coma, trefoil, and spherical aberration occurred. Three eyes developed peripheral haze more than grade 1. CONCLUSION: Corneal wavefront-guided PRK with MMC for hyperopia after RK significantly improved UDVA, CDVA, and higher-order corneal aberrations with a low incidence of visually significant corneal haze.

Clinical Proton MR Spectroscopy in Central Nervous System Disorders.

A large body of published work shows that proton (hydrogen 1 [(1)H]) magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy has evolved from a research tool into a clinical neuroimaging modality. Herein, the authors present a summary of brain disorders in which MR spectroscopy has an impact on patient management, together with a critical consideration of common data acquisition and processing procedures. The article documents the impact of (1)H MR spectroscopy in the clinical evaluation of disorders of the central nervous system. The clinical usefulness of (1)H MR spectroscopy has been established for brain neoplasms, neonatal and pediatric disorders (hypoxia-ischemia, inherited metabolic diseases, and traumatic brain injury), demyelinating disorders, and infectious brain lesions. The growing list of disorders for which (1)H MR spectroscopy may contribute to patient management extends to neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and stroke. To facilitate expanded clinical acceptance and standardization of MR spectroscopy methodology, guidelines are provided for data acquisition and analysis, quality assessment, and interpretation. Finally, the authors offer recommendations to expedite the use of robust MR spectroscopy methodology in the clinical setting, including incorporation of technical advances on clinical units. © RSNA, 2014 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

Clinical Validation of a Peritoneal Dialysis Prescription Model in the PatientOnLine Software

Peritoneal transport characteristics and residual renal function require regular control and subsequent adjustment of the peritoneal dialysis (PD) prescription. Prescription models shall facilitate the prediction of the outcome of such adaptations for a given patient. In the present study, the prescription model implemented in the PatientOnLine software was validated in patients requiring a prescription change. This multicenter, international prospective cohort study with the aim to validate a PD prescription model included patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Patients were examined with the peritoneal function test (PFT) to determine the outcome of their current prescription and the necessity for a prescription change. For these patients, a new prescription was modeled using the PatientOnLine software (Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany). Two to four weeks after implementation of the new PD regimen, a second PFT was performed. The validation of the prescription model included 54 patients. Predicted and measured peritoneal Kt/V were 1.52 ± 0.31 and 1.66 ± 0.35, and total (peritoneal + renal) Kt/V values were 1.96 ± 0.48 and 2.06 ± 0.44, respectively. Predicted and measured peritoneal creatinine clearances were 42.9 ± 8.6 and 43.0 ± 8.8 L/1.73 m2/week and total creatinine clearances were 65.3 ± 26.0 and 63.3 ± 21.8 L/1.73 m2/week, respectively. The analysis revealed a Pearson's correlation coefficient for peritoneal Kt/V of 0.911 and Lin's concordance coefficient of 0.829. The value of both coefficients was 0.853 for peritoneal creatinine clearance. Predicted and measured daily net ultrafiltration was 0.77 ± 0.49 and 1.16 ± 0.63 L/24 h, respectively. Pearson's correlation and Lin's concordance coefficient were 0.518 and 0.402, respectively. Predicted and measured peritoneal glucose absorption was 125.8 ± 38.8 and 79.9 ± 30.7 g/24 h, respectively, and Pearson's correlation and Lin's concordance coefficient were 0.914 and 0.477, respectively. With good predictability of peritoneal Kt/V and creatinine clearance, the present model provides support for individual dialysis prescription in clinical practice. Peritoneal glucose absorption and ultrafiltration are less predictable and are likely to be influenced by additional clinical factors to be taken into consideration.

Performance of gene-expression profiling test score variability to predict future clinical events in heart transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND A single non-invasive gene expression profiling (GEP) test (AlloMap®) is often used to discriminate if a heart transplant recipient is at a low risk of acute cellular rejection at time of testing. In a randomized trial, use of the test (a GEP score from 0-40) has been shown to be non-inferior to a routine endomyocardial biopsy for surveillance after heart transplantation in selected low-risk patients with respect to clinical outcomes. Recently, it was suggested that the within-patient variability of consecutive GEP scores may be used to independently predict future clinical events; however, future studies were recommended. Here we performed an analysis of an independent patient population to determine the prognostic utility of within-patient variability of GEP scores in predicting future clinical events. METHODS We defined the GEP score variability as the standard deviation of four GEP scores collected ≥315 days post-transplantation. Of the 737 patients from the Cardiac Allograft Rejection Gene Expression Observational (CARGO) II trial, 36 were assigned to the composite event group (death, re-transplantation or graft failure ≥315 days post-transplantation and within 3 years of the final GEP test) and 55 were assigned to the control group (non-event patients). In this case-controlled study, the performance of GEP score variability to predict future events was evaluated by the area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC ROC). The negative predictive values (NPV) and positive predictive values (PPV) including 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of GEP score variability were calculated. RESULTS The estimated prevalence of events was 17 %. Events occurred at a median of 391 (inter-quartile range 376) days after the final GEP test. The GEP variability AUC ROC for the prediction of a composite event was 0.72 (95 % CI 0.6-0.8). The NPV for GEP score variability of 0.6 was 97 % (95 % CI 91.4-100.0); the PPV for GEP score variability of 1.5 was 35.4 % (95 % CI 13.5-75.8). CONCLUSION In heart transplant recipients, a GEP score variability may be used to predict the probability that a composite event will occur within 3 years after the last GEP score. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT00761787.