Hexose, sialic acid and sialyllactose concentrations in the milk of dairy and non-dairy breed cows

It has been suggested that the ratio of lactose to milk oligosaccharides in mammalian milk/colostrum is based on the ratio of expression of a-lactalbumin and glycosyltransferases in the mammary epithelial cells. It has also been suggested that the high secretion of milk in dairy breed cows has been acquired by a high expression of a-lactalbumin expression. As there is a large difference of milk secretion level between dairy and non dairy breed cows, there may be a difference in the ratio of lactose to milk oligosaccharides in milks between dairy and non dairy breed cows. In this study, the concentrations of hexose, sialic acid as well as sialyllactoses, which are representative bovine milk oligosaccharides, were determined in the milks of dairy and non dairy breed cows. The concentration of hexose was significantly higher in the milks of non dairy breed cows than that of dairy breed cows, but there were no significant differences with respect to sialic acid and sialyllactose. The significant difference of the ratio of the concentrations of 3'- and 6'-sialyllactose to total hexose in milk was not observed between dairy and non dairy cows.

RAG2 is regulated differentially in B and T cells by elements 5′ of the promoter

To study RAG2 gene regulation in vivo, we developed a blastocyst complementation method in which RAG2-deficient embryonic stem cells were transfected with genomic clones containing RAG2 and then assessed for their ability to generate lymphocytes. A RAG2 genomic clone that contained only the RAG2 promoter sequences rescued V(D)J recombination in RAG2-deficient pro-B cell lines, but did not rescue development of RAG2-deficient lymphocytes in vivo. However, inclusion of varying lengths of sequences 5′ of the RAG2 promoter generated constructs capable of rescuing only in vivo B cell development, as well as other constructs that rescued both B and T cell development. In particular, the 2-kb 5′ region starting just upstream of the RAG2 promoter, as well as the region from 2–7 kb 5′, could independently drive B cell development, but not efficient T cell development. Deletion of the 2-kb 5′ region from the murine germ line demonstrated that this region was not required for RAG expression sufficient to generate normal B or T cell numbers, implying redundancy among 5′ elements. We conclude that RAG2 expression in vivo requires elements beyond the core promoter, that such elements contribute to differential regulation in the B vs. T lineages, and that sequences sufficient to direct B cell expression are located in the promoter-proximal 5′ region.

Forms of judgments and orders in the high court of justice and court of appeal : having especial reference to the Chancery division, with practical notes /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Molybdenum; its ores and their concentration, with a discussion of markets, prices, and uses,

"Tabulation of molybdenite and of wulfenite occurrences in the United States": p. 86-90.

Charlotte Temple : a tale of truth /

"With an historical and biographical introduction, bibliography, etc. / by Francis W. Halsey."

The inaugural address of Frederick O. Prince, Mayor of Boston, to the City Council, January 1, 1877.

Mode of access: Internet.

For the temple : a tale of the fall of Jerusalem /

32 p. of publisher's advertisements at end.

An historical and architectural essay relating to Redcliff Church, Bristol : illustrated with plans, views, and architectural details : including an account of the monuments and anecdotes of the eminent persons interred within its walls : also, an essay on the life and character of Thomas Chatterton /

Plates by John Le Keux, John Roffe, and S. Rawle; after Frederick MacKenzie, Charles Wild, and George Shepherd.

The complete dictionary of arts and sciences. In which the whole circle of human learning is explained, and the difficulties attending the acquisition of every art, whether liberal or mechanical, are removed, in the most easy and familiar manner ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

The complete dictionary of arts and sciences. In which the whole circle of human learning is explained, and the difficulties attending the acquisition of every art, whether liberal or mechanical, are removed, in the most easy and familiar manner ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

The complete dictionary of arts and sciences. In which the whole circle of human learning is explained, and the difficulties attending the acquisition of every art, whether liberal or mechanical, are removed, in the most easy and familiar manner ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Our Campbell ancestors, 1742-1937. Traditions and history of the family of five Campbell brothers and sisters; John, James Douglas, Hester, Mary and Samuel: including what is known of them in New Jersey; York county, Pennsylvania; Union county, South Carolina and in Ohio. A genealogy of the known descendants of John Campbell through his son James, and Samuel Campbell through his son Ralph, also brief ancestral notes on families connected by marriage with the foregoing; viz; Parnell, Clark, Spray, Wilson, Haskett, Mendenhall and Underhill,

Bibliographical foot-notes.

Charlotte Temple, a tale of truth,

Mode of access: Internet.