Un programa de prevención escolar de las drogodependencias : teoría y práctica.

El Equipo Multiprofesional Educación y Drogas (EMED) desarrolla durante el curso 89-90 un programa de prevención escolar de drogodependencias y otras sustancias marginales, basado en la investigación-acción participativa. Se lleva a cabo en diferentes centros y provincias españolas y está patrocinado por la Fundación de la Cruz Roja sobre Toxicomanías (CREFAT) y financiado por el Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores. Dicho programa se centra en el desarrollo de distintos modelos de intervención, ya sea inespecífica, mediante la actuación precoz sobre los factores que favorecen la aparición de determinadas conductas marginales (fracaso escolar, absentismo, problemas familiares, baja autoestima, dificultad de integración, etc.); o específica, sobre todo en relación con el alcohol y tabaco, a través de la inclusión del tema en el currículo de Ciencias Naturales y Ética. La evaluación final del programa resulta difícil por la corta duración del mismo y la decisión de CREFAT de no promover su continuidad el curso próximo..

A Methodology for Building Service-Oriented Applications in the Presence of Non-Functional Properties

This thesis presents ⇡SOD-M (Policy-based Service Oriented Development Methodology), a methodology for modeling reliable service-based applications using policies. It proposes a model driven method with: (i) a set of meta-models for representing non-functional constraints associated to service-based applications, starting from an use case model until a service composition model; (ii) a platform providing guidelines for expressing the composition and the policies; (iii) model-to-model and model-to-text transformation rules for semi-automatizing the implementation of reliable service-based applications; and (iv) an environment that implements these meta-models and rules, and enables the application of ⇡SOD-M. This thesis also presents a classification and nomenclature for non-functional requirements for developing service-oriented applications. Our approach is intended to add value to the development of service-oriented applications that have quality requirements needs. This work uses concepts from the service-oriented development, non-functional requirements design and model-driven delevopment areas to propose a solution that minimizes the problem of reliable service modeling. Some examples are developed as proof of concepts

Model-Driven requirements engineering process aided by ontologies and natural controlled languages

Researches in Requirements Engineering have been growing in the latest few years. Researchers are concerned with a set of open issues such as: communication between several user profiles involved in software engineering; scope definition; volatility and traceability issues. To cope with these issues a set of works are concentrated in (i) defining processes to collect client s specifications in order to solve scope issues; (ii) defining models to represent requirements to address communication and traceability issues; and (iii) working on mechanisms and processes to be applied to requirements modeling in order to facilitate requirements evolution and maintenance, addressing volatility and traceability issues. We propose an iterative Model-Driven process to solve these issues, based on a double layered CIM to communicate requirements related knowledge to a wider amount of stakeholders. We also present a tool to help requirements engineer through the RE process. Finally we present a case study to illustrate the process and tool s benefits and usage

MaRISA-AOCode: uma abordagem genérica para geração de código orientado a aspectos

Currently there are several aspect-oriented approaches that are related to different stages of software development process. These approaches often lack integration with each other and their models and artifacts are not aligned in a coherent process. The integration of Aspect-Oriented Software development (AOSD) and Model-Driven Development (MDD) enables automatic propagation of models from one phase to another, avoiding loss of important information and decisions established in each. This paper presents a model driven approach, called Marisa-AOCode, which supports the processing of detailed design artifacts to code in different Aspect-Oriented Programming languages. The approach proposed by Maris- AOCode defines transformation rules between aSideML, a modeling language for aspectoriented detailed design, and Metaspin, a generic metamodel for aspect-oriented programming languages. The instantiation of the generic metamodel (Metaspin) provided by the approach of Maris-AOCode is illustrated by the transformation of Metaspin for two languages: AspectLua and CaesarJ. We illustrate the approach with a case study based on the Health Watcher System

GingaForAll: linha de Produtos do Middleware Ginga

Many challenges have been imposed on the middleware to support applications for digital TV because of the heterogeneity and resource constraints of execution platforms. In this scenario, the middleware must be highly configurable so that it can be customized to meet the requirements of applications and underlying platforms. This work aims to present the GingaForAll, a software product line developed for the Ginga - the middleware of the Brazilian Digital TV (SBTVD). GingaForAll adds the concepts of software product line, aspect orientation and model-driven development to allow: (i) the specification of the common characteristics and variables of the middleware, (ii) the modularization of crosscutting concerns - both mandatory and concepts variables - through aspects, (iii) the expression of concepts as a set of models that increase the level of abstraction and enables management of various software artifacts in terms of configurable models. This work presents the architecture of the software product line that implements such a tool and architecture that supports automatic customization of middleware. The work also presents a tool that implements the process of generating products GingaForAll

Um modelo conceitual baseado em MDD e padrões para evolução de sistemas OA

Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD) is a technique that complements the Object- Oriented Software Development (OOSD) modularizing several concepts that OOSD approaches do not modularize appropriately. However, the current state-of-the art on AOSD suffers with software evolution, mainly because aspect definition can stop to work correctly when base elements evolve. A promising approach to deal with that problem is the definition of model-based pointcuts, where pointcuts are defined based on a conceptual model. That strategy makes pointcut less prone to software evolution than model-base elements. Based on that strategy, this work defines a conceptual model at high abstraction level where we can specify software patterns and architectures that through Model Driven Development techniques they can be instantiated and composed in architecture description language that allows aspect modeling at architecture level. Our MDD approach allows propagate concepts in architecture level to another abstraction levels (design level, for example) through MDA transformation rules. Also, this work shows a plug-in implemented to Eclipse platform called AOADLwithCM. That plug-in was created to support our development process. The AOADLwithCM plug-in was used to describe a case study based on MobileMedia System. MobileMedia case study shows step-by-step how the Conceptual Model approach could minimize Pointcut Fragile Problems, due to software evolution. MobileMedia case study was used as input to analyses evolutions on software according to software metrics proposed by KHATCHADOURIAN, GREENWOOD and RASHID. Also, we analyze how evolution in base model could affect maintenance on aspectual model with and without Conceptual Model approaches

CALV3 - Uma linguagem específica de domínio para segurança em sistemas corporativos: um estudo de caso sistemático na indústria

The academic community and software industry have shown, in recent years, substantial interest in approaches and technologies related to the area of model-driven development (MDD). At the same time, continues the relentless pursuit of industry for technologies to raise productivity and quality in the development of software products. This work aims to explore those two statements, through an experiment carried by using MDD technology and evaluation of its use on solving an actual problem under the security context of enterprise systems. By building and using a tool, a visual DSL denominated CALV3, inspired by the software factory approach: a synergy between software product line, domainspecific languages and MDD, we evaluate the gains in abstraction and productivity through a systematic case study conducted in a development team. The results and lessons learned from the evaluation of this tool within industry are the main contributions of this work

Use of mathematical and numerical methods in the Latin American Demographic Centre CELADE. Santiago, Chile

Includes bibliography

Horizons 2030: Equality at the centre of sustainable development. Summary

The world is living a change of era. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals represent the international community’s response to the economic, distributive and environmental imbalances built up under the prevailing development pattern. This document, presented by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) to its member States at its thirty-sixth session, provides an analytical complement to the 2030 Agenda from a structuralist perspective and from the point of view of the Latin American and Caribbean countries. The proposals made here stem from the need to achieve progressive structural change in order to incorporate more knowledge into production, ensure social inclusion and combat the negative impacts of climate change. The reflections and proposals for advancing towards a new development pattern are geared to achieving equality and environmental sustainability. In these proposals, the creation of global and regional public goods and the corresponding domestic policies form the core for expanding the structuralist tradition towards a global Keynesianism and a development strategy centred around an environmental big push.

Horizontes 2030: a igualdade no centro do desenvolvimento sustentável. Síntese

O mundo vive uma mudança de época. A comunidade internacional, respondendo aos desequilíbrios econômicos, distributivos e ambientais do estilo de desenvolvimento dominante, aprovou recentemente a Agenda 2030 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável e seus 17 Objetivos. Este documento, que a Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) apresenta aos Estados membros no trigésimo sexto período de sessões, complementa analiticamente essa Agenda com base na perspectiva estruturalista do desenvolvimento e sob o ponto de vista dos países da América Latina e do Caribe. Suas propostas se concentram na necessidade de impulsionar uma mudança estrutural progressiva que aumente a incorporação de conhecimento na produção, garanta a inclusão social e combata os efeitos negativos da mudança climática. As reflexões e propostas para avançar rumo a um novo estilo de desenvolvimento mantêm seu foco no impulso à igualdade e à sustentabilidade ambiental. A criação de bens públicos globais e de seus correlatos no âmbito regional e de políticas nacionais é o núcleo a partir do qual se expande a visão estruturalista para um keynesianismo global e uma estratégia de desenvolvimento concentrada num grande impulso ambiental.

Horizons 2030: l’égalité au coeur du développement durable. Synthèse

Le monde traverse un changement d’époque. Face aux déséquilibres économiques, distributifs et environnementaux du mode de développement prédominant, la communauté internationale vient d’adopter le Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030 et ses 17 objectifs. Le document que la Commission économique pour l’Amérique latine et les Caraïbes (CEPALC) présente aux états membres à l’occasion de sa trente-sixième session a pour but d’apporter un complément analytique à ce Programme dans la perspective structuraliste du développement et de l’optique des pays d’Amérique latine et des Caraïbes. Les propositions contenues dans ce document sont centrées sur la nécessité de promouvoir un changement structurel progressif qui favorise l’incorporation du savoir à la production, garantisse l’inclusion sociale et combatte les effets néfastes du changement climatique. Les réflexions et les propositions visant à avancer sur la voie d’un nouveau mode de développement sont axées sur la promotion de l’égalité et de la pérennité de l’environnement. La création de biens publics mondiaux et leurs équivalents à l’échelle régionale, ainsi que l’application de politiques nationales sont au coeur d’une vision structuraliste qui est appelée à évoluer vers un keynésianisme mondial et une stratégie de développement centrée sur un élan majeur pour l’environnement.

Horizons 2030: Equality at the centre of sustainable development

The world is living a change of era. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals represent the international community’s response to the economic, distributive and environmental imbalances built up under the prevailing development pattern. This document, presented by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) to its member States at its thirty-sixth session, provides an analytical complement to the 2030 Agenda from a structuralist perspective and from the point of view of the Latin American and Caribbean countries. The proposals made here stem from the need to achieve progressive structural change in order to incorporate more knowledge into production, ensure social inclusion and combat the negative impacts of climate change. The reflections and proposals for advancing towards a new development pattern are geared to achieving equality and environmental sustainability. In these proposals, the creation of global and regional public goods and the corresponding domestic policies form the core for expanding the structuralist tradition towards a global Keynesianism and a development strategy centred around an environmental big push.

Horizontes 2030: a igualdade no centro do desenvolvimento sustentável

O mundo vive uma mudança de época. A comunidade internacional, respondendo aos desequilíbrios econômicos, distributivos e ambientais do estilo de desenvolvimento dominante, aprovou recentemente a Agenda 2030 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável e seus 17 Objetivos. Este documento, que a Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) apresenta aos Estados membros no trigésimo sexto período de sessões, complementa analiticamente essa Agenda com base na perspectiva estruturalista do desenvolvimento e sob o ponto de vista dos países da América Latina e do Caribe. Suas propostas se concentram na necessidade de impulsionar uma mudança estrutural progressiva que aumente a incorporação de conhecimento na produção, garanta a inclusão social e combata os efeitos negativos da mudança climática. As reflexões e propostas para avançar rumo a um novo estilo de desenvolvimento mantêm seu foco no impulso à igualdade e à sustentabilidade ambiental. A criação de bens públicos globais e de seus correlatos no âmbito regional e de políticas nacionais é o núcleo a partir do qual se expande a visão estruturalista para um keynesianismo global e uma estratégia de desenvolvimento concentrada num grande impulso ambiental.

Detección y seguimiento de objetos en vídeos de actividades de vida diaria para rehabilitación de pacientes con daño cerebral adquirido

Las técnicas de rehabilitación permiten la recuperación y mejora de las funciones dañadas o deterioradas y ayuda al paciente con DCA a adaptarse a su nueva situación. El avance tecnológico que se ha producido en las últimas décadas, ha impulsado la investigación en el diseño y desarrollo de nuevos modelos de rehabilitación. La tecnología de vídeo interactivo se convierte en un elemento de apoyo en estos nuevos modelos rehabilitadores. Se hace necesario desarrollar nuevos algoritmos de segmentación y seguimiento que permitan dotar de información adicional a los vídeos. En este trabajo se han implementado y evaluado dos métodos que permiten realizar la detección y el seguimiento de objetos de interés.

Cooperative Multi-robot Patrolling: A study of distributed approaches based on mathematical models of game theory to protect infrastructures

El principio de Teoría de Juegos permite desarrollar modelos estocásticos de patrullaje multi-robot para proteger infraestructuras criticas. La protección de infraestructuras criticas representa un gran reto para los países al rededor del mundo, principalmente después de los ataques terroristas llevados a cabo la década pasada. En este documento el termino infraestructura hace referencia a aeropuertos, plantas nucleares u otros instalaciones. El problema de patrullaje se define como la actividad de patrullar un entorno determinado para monitorear cualquier actividad o sensar algunas variables ambientales. En esta actividad, un grupo de robots debe visitar un conjunto de puntos de interés definidos en un entorno en intervalos de tiempo irregulares con propósitos de seguridad. Los modelos de partullaje multi-robot son utilizados para resolver este problema. Hasta el momento existen trabajos que resuelven este problema utilizando diversos principios matemáticos. Los modelos de patrullaje multi-robot desarrollados en esos trabajos representan un gran avance en este campo de investigación. Sin embargo, los modelos con los mejores resultados no son viables para aplicaciones de seguridad debido a su naturaleza centralizada y determinista. Esta tesis presenta cinco modelos de patrullaje multi-robot distribuidos e impredecibles basados en modelos matemáticos de aprendizaje de Teoría de Juegos. El objetivo del desarrollo de estos modelos está en resolver los inconvenientes presentes en trabajos preliminares. Con esta finalidad, el problema de patrullaje multi-robot se formuló utilizando conceptos de Teoría de Grafos, en la cual se definieron varios juegos en cada vértice de un grafo. Los modelos de patrullaje multi-robot desarrollados en este trabajo de investigación se han validado y comparado con los mejores modelos disponibles en la literatura. Para llevar a cabo tanto la validación como la comparación se ha utilizado un simulador de patrullaje y un grupo de robots reales. Los resultados experimentales muestran que los modelos de patrullaje desarrollados en este trabajo de investigación trabajan mejor que modelos de trabajos previos en el 80% de 150 casos de estudio. Además de esto, estos modelos cuentan con varias características importantes tales como distribución, robustez, escalabilidad y dinamismo. Los avances logrados con este trabajo de investigación dan evidencia del potencial de Teoría de Juegos para desarrollar modelos de patrullaje útiles para proteger infraestructuras. ABSTRACT Game theory principle allows to developing stochastic multi-robot patrolling models to protect critical infrastructures. Critical infrastructures protection is a great concern for countries around the world, mainly due to terrorist attacks in the last decade. In this document, the term infrastructures includes airports, nuclear power plants, and many other facilities. The patrolling problem is defined as the activity of traversing a given environment to monitoring any activity or sensing some environmental variables If this activity were performed by a fleet of robots, they would have to visit some places of interest of an environment at irregular intervals of time for security purposes. This problem is solved using multi-robot patrolling models. To date, literature works have been solved this problem applying various mathematical principles.The multi-robot patrolling models developed in those works represent great advances in this field. However, the models that obtain the best results are unfeasible for security applications due to their centralized and predictable nature. This thesis presents five distributed and unpredictable multi-robot patrolling models based on mathematical learning models derived from Game Theory. These multi-robot patrolling models aim at overcoming the disadvantages of previous work. To this end, the multi-robot patrolling problem was formulated using concepts of Graph Theory to represent the environment. Several normal-form games were defined at each vertex of a graph in this formulation. The multi-robot patrolling models developed in this research work have been validated and compared with best ranked multi-robot patrolling models in the literature. Both validation and comparison were preformed by using both a patrolling simulator and real robots. Experimental results show that the multirobot patrolling models developed in this research work improve previous ones in as many as 80% of 150 cases of study. Moreover, these multi-robot patrolling models rely on several features to highlight in security applications such as distribution, robustness, scalability, and dynamism. The achievements obtained in this research work validate the potential of Game Theory to develop patrolling models to protect infrastructures.