Perfil de expressão dos mIRNAS da família mIR-200 e mIR-192 no rim total e glomérulos isolados de ratos submetidos à restrição protéica in útero

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da atividade hipoglicemiante do extrato bruto de Bauhinia holophylla (Steud.) em camundongos diabéticos induzidos por estreptozotocina

Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

Undernutrition fetal programming: effects on kidney morphology, renal steroid and angiotensin receptors expression and urinary sodium excretion

Maternal undernutrition affects the foetal development, promoting renal alterations and adult hypertension. The present study investigates, in adult male rats, the effect of food restriction in utero on arterial blood pressure changes (AP), and its possible association with the number of nephrons, renal function and angiotensin II (AT1R/AT2R), glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MCR) receptors expression. The daily food supply to pregnant rats was measured and one group (n=5) received normal quantity of food (NF) while the other group received 50% of that (FR50) (n=5). The AP was measured weekly. At 16 weeks of life, fractionator’s method was used to estimate glomeruli number in histological slices. The renal function was estimate by creatinine and lithium clearances. Blood and urine samples were collected to biochemical determination of creatinine, sodium, potassium and lithium. At 90th and 23rd days of life, kidneys were also processed to AT1R, AT2R, GR and MCR immunolocalization and for western blotting analysis. FR50 offspring shows a significant reduction in BW (FR50: 5.67 ± 0.16 vs. 6.84 ± 0.13g in NF, P<0.001) and increased AP from 6th to 12nd week (6thwk FR50: 149.1 ± 3.4 vs. 125.1 ± 3.2mmHg in NF, P<0.001and, 12ndwk FR50: 164.4 ± 4.9 vs. 144.0 ± 3.3 mmHg in NF, P=0.02). Expression of AT1R and AT2R were significantly decreased in FR50 (AT1, 59080 ± 2709 vs. 77000 ± 3591 in NF, P=0.05; AT2, 27500 ± 95.50 vs. 67870 ± 1509 in NF, P=0.001) while the expression of GR increased in FR50 (36090 ± 781.5 vs. 4446 ± 364.5 in NF, P=0.0007). The expression of MCR did not change significantly. We also verified a pronounced decrease in fractional urinary sodium excretion in FR50 offspring (0.03 ± 0.02 vs. 0.06 ± 0.04 in NF, p=0.03). This occurred despite unchanged creatinine clearance. The study led us to suggest that fetal undernutrition, with increased fetal exposure... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Desempenho de cabras leiteiras alimentadas com diferentes espécies de cactáceas

The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of dairy goats fed different species of cactus. Pluriparous five Saanen goats were used, with nine weeks of lactation, and average live weight of 50 kg ± 4 kg. The animals were distributed in latin square design (5x5) with 5 diets and 5 periods. No differences (P>0,05) were observed in the DM of the experimental diets by getting average values of 2.251,84 g dia-1 , 4,46 %PV e 118,91g kg0,75 . The DM contents of the diets were 50,55 to 55,92% by presenting a maximum variation of 10% between them. A significant difference (P<0,05) water consumption way tendered, between diets with different cactus species. The treatments cactus “Orelha de Elefante Mexicana” and Facheiro had lower water consumption compared to cactus “Palma Miúda. For milk yield no significant difference (P> 0,05) between diets formulated with cactus species, with an average of 1,90 kg/day treatments. The analysis of variance show a significant difference (P<0,05) among treatments for milk corrected to 4% fat and fat production. There was an effect (P<0,05) of the diets with different cactus on the crude protein (CP) and lactose in milk. All treatments with different cactus species can be used for dairy goats in view consumption have afforded sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements for milk nutrients, besides presenting the higher than levels of physical and chemical composition to minimum levels established by current legislation

Molecular markers for diabetic nephropathy

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders in the world. Globally, the prevalence of this disorder is predicted to increase, along with the risk of developing diabetic related complications. One of those complications is diabetic nephropathy, defined by a progressive increase in proteinuria and a gradual decline in renal function. Approximately 25% to 30% of type 2 diabetic individuals develop this complication. However, its underlying genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, the aim of this study is to contribute to the discovery of the genetic mechanisms involved in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, through the identification of relevant genetic variants in Portuguese type 2 diabetic individuals. The exomes of 36 Portuguese type 2 diabetic individuals were sequenced on the Ion ProtonTM Sequencer. From those individuals, 19 did not present diabetic nephropathy, being included in the control group, while the 17 individuals that presented the diabetic complication formed the case group. A statistical analysis was then performed to identify candidate common genetic variants, as well as genes accumulating rare variants that could be associated with diabetic nephropathy. From the search for common variants in the study population, the statistically significant (p-value ≤ 0.05) variants rs1051303 and rs1131620 in the LTBP4 gene, rs660339 in UCP2, rs2589156 in RPTOR, rs2304483 in the SLC12A3 gene and rs10169718 present in ARPC2, were considered as the most biologically relevant to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The variants rs1051303 and rs1131620, as well as the variants rs660339 and rs2589156 were associated with protective effects in the development of the complication, while rs2304483 and rs10169718 were considered risk variants, being present in individuals with diagnosed diabetic nephropathy. In the rare variants approach, the genes with statistical significance (p-value ≤ 0.05) found, the STAB1 gene, accumulating 9 rare variants, and the CUX1 gene, accumulating 2 rare variants, were identified as the most relevant. Both genes were considered protective, with the accumulated rare variants mainly present in the group without the renal complication. The present study provides an initial analysis of the genetic evidence associated with the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, and the results obtained may contribute to a deeper understanding of the genetic mechanisms associated with this diabetic complication.

Plantas forrageiras das caatingas: usos e potencialidades.

Coleta de analises; descricao e usos das especies: camaratuba, carqueija, catingueira-verdadeira, espinheiro/jacurutu/jiquiri, facheiro, favela/faveleira, feijao-brabo, imbuzeiro/umbuzeiro, juazeiro, jurema-preta, jurema-vermelha, macambira, mandacaru/mandacaru-de-boi, manicoba, marmeleiro/marmeleiro-preto, moleque-duro, mororo/unha-de-vaca, quebra-faca, sabia, sete-cascas/cascudo/pau-de-casca. Comentarios gerais e recomendacoes.

The flora and vegetation in an area of the Caatinga in Taperuaba, Sobral, Ceará state, Brazil

The Caatinga, covering about 800.000 km2, is the predominant vegetation type of the semi-arid region of Brazil. The Caatinga biome comprises several phytophysiognomies and floristic compositions, with many endemic species, especially in Fabaceae, Cactaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Bignoniaceae e Combretaceae. Despite considerable advances, the Brazilian semi-arid needs more studies and inventories of biodiversity, especially the Ceará state. On the basis of these considerations, the present study aims to identify the flora and vegetation, in order to characterize the phytophysiognomy in an area of the Caatinga, in locality of Taperuaba, municipality of Sobral, Ceará, Brazil. Field work was conducted in March 2015 and 2016 respectively, in three transects. The life-forms were established in accordance of Raunkiaer´s system. The floristic list is composed of 87 species, distributed in 66 genera and 36 families. The flora comprises 22 Brazilian endemic species. The most representative family was Fabaceae with 15 species, followed by Malvaceae (7) Convolvulaceae (6), Euphorbiaceae (5) and Poaceae (5). The biological spectrum had a high proportion of therophytes (29,9%), chamaephytes (29,9%) and phanerophytes (26,4%). In the area were identified two phytophysiognomies: outcrops communities highlighting succulent phanerophytes (Pilosocereus chrysostele (Vaupel) Byles & G.D. Rowley subsp. cearensis P.J. Braun & Esteves and P. gounellei (F.A.C. Weber) Byles & Rowley), chamaephytes (Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f. and Lepidaploa chalybaea (Mart. ex DC.) H. Rob.) and therophytes (Mitracarpus baturitensis Sucre), mixed with communities including small trees and shrubs on deeper soil, composed of Cereus jamacaru DC., a succulent phanerophyte, and many woody phanerophytes, such as Cordia oncocalyx Allemão, Crateva trapia L., Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth., M. tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir., Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L.P. Queiroz and P. pyramidalis (Tul.) L.P. Queiroz.

Definição, epidemiologia e diagnóstico da doença renal crônica

Material da unidade 1 que compõe o módulo 2 “Política Nacional de atenção ao portador de doenças renais” do curso de especialização em Nefrologia Multidisciplinar, produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Aborda a definição, a classificação e a epidemiologia da Doença Renal Crônica – DRC, destaca ainda o reconhecimento dos grupos de risco para a DRC.

Diretrizes clínicas para o cuidado ao paciente renal crônica (DRC) no sistema único de saúde

Texto da unidade 2 que compõe o módulo 2, “Política Nacional de atenção ao portador de doenças renais”, do curso de especialização em Nefrologia Multidisciplinar, produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Aborda o manejo dos estágios da Doença Renal Crônica (DRC), desde estágios iniciais até estágios tardios da doença, os principais exames e intervenções clínicas necessários em cada estágio da DRC, bem como particularidades do manejo do paciente em hemodiálise, diálise peritoneal e transplante

Legislação aplicada ao paciente com doença renal crônica

Apresenta os principais direitos nas áreas social e da saúde voltados para os portadores de doença renal crônica, fazendo um breve resgate histórico sobre como esses direitos foram assegurados por lei. Unidade 3 do Módulo 2 “Política Nacional de atenção ao portador de doenças renais” do curso de especialização em Nefrologia Multidisciplinar.

Análise epidemiológica da doença renal

Módulo 3 do curso de especialização em Nefrologia Multidisciplinar, produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Aborda a prevalência e incidência da Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) na população, os impactos causados pelo alto custo da terapia renal substitutiva e os prejuízos psicossociais gerados ao paciente, bem como os principais grupos e fatores riscos para a desenvolvimento da Doença Renal Crônica. Além disso, destaca o impacto das desigualdades sociais sobre o processo saúde-doença, com foco nas doenças renais.

Doença renal em grupos minoritários

Texto que compõe a unidade 3 do módulo “Análise epidemiológica da doença renal” do curso de especialização em Nefrologia, produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Aborda o impacto das desigualdades sociais sobre o processo saúde-doença, com foco nas doenças renais.

Estratégias de prevenção da doença renal crônica

Texto que compõe a unidade 1 do módulo 5, “Prevenção às doenças renais”, do Curso de Especialização em Nefrologia Multidisciplinar, produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Aborda as principais estratégias para prevenção da Doença Renal Crônica, bem como os métodos de estimativa da filtração glomerular, o rastreio populacional da doença e a realização de campanhas para divulgação da DRC

Diagnóstico e intervenções para retardar a progressão da Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) em hipertensos e diabéticos

Texto que compõe a unidade 2 do módulo 5, “Prevenção às doenças renais”, do Curso de Especialização em Nefrologia Multidisciplinar, produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Aborda a importância do diagnóstico da Doença Renal Crônica, os fatores de risco passíveis de intervenção junto ao paciente renal crônico, bem como as principais recomendações da National Kidney Foundation (NKF) e Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia, no que se refere ao tratamento medicamentoso e não medicamentoso da hipertensão e do diabetes mellitus

Prevenção da doença renal crônica em crianças

Texto que compõe a unidade 3 do módulo “Prevenção às doenças renais” do Curso de Especialização em Nefrologia Multidisciplinar, produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Aborda os dados referentes à epidemiologia, estadiamento e diagnóstico precoce, além das principais patologias que acometem crianças. Enfatiza a necessidade da verificação da pressão arterial, assim como a avaliação do sobrepeso e obesidade, visando a melhor condução da população pediátrica com risco de doença renal.