Estudo comparativo entre o modelo analítico de Domenico (1987) e Wexler (1992) e suas implicações no gerenciamento de passivos ambientais

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

3D probability tomography: theoretical developments and applications to high-resolution geophysical prospecting

The theory of the 3D multipole probability tomography method (3D GPT) to image source poles, dipoles, quadrupoles and octopoles, of a geophysical vector or scalar field dataset is developed. A geophysical dataset is assumed to be the response of an aggregation of poles, dipoles, quadrupoles and octopoles. These physical sources are used to reconstruct without a priori assumptions the most probable position and shape of the true geophysical buried sources, by determining the location of their centres and critical points of their boundaries, as corners, wedges and vertices. This theory, then, is adapted to the geoelectrical, gravity and self potential methods. A few synthetic examples using simple geometries and three field examples are discussed in order to demonstrate the notably enhanced resolution power of the new approach. At first, the application to a field example related to a dipole–dipole geoelectrical survey carried out in the archaeological park of Pompei is presented. The survey was finalised to recognize remains of the ancient Roman urban network including roads, squares and buildings, which were buried under the thick pyroclastic cover fallen during the 79 AD Vesuvius eruption. The revealed anomaly structures are ascribed to wellpreserved remnants of some aligned walls of Roman edifices, buried and partially destroyed by the 79 AD Vesuvius pyroclastic fall. Then, a field example related to a gravity survey carried out in the volcanic area of Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy) is presented, aimed at imaging as accurately as possible the differential mass density structure within the first few km of depth inside the volcanic apparatus. An assemblage of vertical prismatic blocks appears to be the most probable gravity model of the Etna apparatus within the first 5 km of depth below sea level. Finally, an experimental SP dataset collected in the Mt. Somma-Vesuvius volcanic district (Naples, Italy) is elaborated in order to define location and shape of the sources of two SP anomalies of opposite sign detected in the northwestern sector of the surveyed area. The modelled sources are interpreted as the polarization state induced by an intense hydrothermal convective flow mechanism within the volcanic apparatus, from the free surface down to about 3 km of depth b.s.l..

Arti decorative: Bologna e Faenza tra Ottocento e Novecento

La ricerca approfondisce gli studi iniziati dalla dott.ssa Baldini in occasione della tesi di laurea e amplia le indagini critiche avviate per la mostra sull’Aemilia Ars (2001). La ricerca si è interessata alle aree di Bologna e di Faenza individuando le connessioni che tra Otto e Novecento intercorrono tra la cultura artistica locale e quella nazionale ed europea. Nasce infatti in questo periodo Aemilia Ars, uno dei più innovativi movimenti del contesto nazionale nel campo delle arti decorative. I membri del gruppo, raccoltisi intorno alla carismatica figura di Alfonso Rubbiani nei primi anni Ottanta, sono attratti da influenze nordeuropee e sin dall’inizio si mostrano orientati a seguire precetti ruskiniani e preraffaelliti. Molto importante in entrambe le città, per l’evoluzione dello scenario artistico e artigianale – in questi anni più che mai unite in un rapporto di strettissima correlazione – è l’apporto e il sostegno offerto dai salotti, dai circoli, dai caffè e dai cenacoli locali. Dal punto di vista dello stile, forme lineari con una marcata tendenza all’astrazione caratterizzano la produzione dei principali interpreti faentini e bolognesi dell’ultimo ventennio dell’Ottocento allineandoli con le ricerche dei loro contemporanei nel resto d’Europa. I settori produttivi che si sono indagati sono quelli della ceramica, dell’ebanisteria, dei ferri battuti, dell’oreficeria, delle arti tessili e dei cuoi. Gran parte di queste lavorazioni – attardatesi nella realizzazione di oggetti dalle forme di ispirazione seicentesca, certamente poco adatte alla produzione industriale – subiscono ora una decisa accelerazione verso forme più svelte che, adeguandosi alla possibilità di riproduzione seriale degli oggetti, si diffonderanno quasi capillarmente tra l’aristocrazia e la borghesia, faticando tuttavia a raggiungere le classi meno abbienti a causa degli elevati costi di produzione. Nell’ultima parte viene tracciato sinteticamente il quadro delle attività artistiche e artigianali faentine del periodo indicato, con una particolare attenzione all’opera delle personalità afferenti al Cenacolo baccariniano.

Cesare Garboli traduttore di Measure for Measure di Shaskespeare per le compagnie di Luca Ronconi e di Carlo Cecchi

La tesi si occupa della traduzione di Measure for Measure di Shakespeare scritta da Cesare Garboli e pubblicata nel 1992 con Einaudi nella collana «Scrittori tradotti da scrittori». La traduzione fu concepita per il Teatro Stabile di Torino diretto da Luca Ronconi, che debuttò al teatro Carignano nel 1992 e venne successivamente ripresa, con alcune varianti, dalla compagnia di Carlo Cecchi nel 1998, per una nuova messinscena al teatro Garibaldi di Palermo. A partire dagli esiti più recenti dei Translation Studies, il lavoro sviluppa uno studio comparato, dal punto di vista linguistico e sotto il profilo ermeneutico, fra la traduzione di Garboli, il testo originale nelle due edizioni Arden e Cambridge e le traduzioni italiane di Measure for Measure pubblicate nel Novecento. La parte finale della tesi è dedicata alle messinscene a Torino e a Palermo: un confronto per evidenziare gli elementi che in entrambe appartengono alla strutturazione del testo tradotto e i caratteri specifici degli universi di finzione raffigurati dai due registi.

Detrital Zircon Evidence for Mixing of Mazatzal Province Age Detritus With Yavapai Age (ca. 1700-1740 Ma) and Older Detritus in the ca. 1650 Ma Mazatzal Province of Central New Mexico, USA

Preliminary detrital zircon age distributions from Mazatzal crustal province quartzite and schist exposed in the Manzano Mountains and Pedernal Hills of central New Mexico are consistent with a mixture of detritus from Mazatzal age (ca. 1650 Ma), Yavapai age (ca. 1720 Ma.), and older sources. A quartzite sample from the Blue Springs Formation in the Manzano Mountains yielding 67 concordant grain analyses shows two dominant age peaks of 1737 Ma and 1791 Ma with a minimum peak age of 1652 Ma. Quartzite and micaceous quartzite samples from near Pedernal Peak give unimodal peak ages of ca. 1695 Ma and 1738 Ma with minimum detrital zircon ages of ca. 1625 Ma and 1680 Ma, respectively. A schist sample from the southern exposures of the Pedernal Hills area gives a unimodal peak age of 1680 Ma with a minimum age of ca. 1635 Ma. Minor amounts of older detritus (>1800 Ma) possibly reflect Trans-Hudson, Wyoming, Mojave Province, and older Archean sources and aid in locating potential source terrains for these detrital zircon. The Blue Springs Formation metarhyolite from near the top of the Proterozoic section in the Manzano Mountains yields 71 concordant grains that show a preliminary U-Pb zircon crystallization age of 1621 ¿ 5 Ma, which provides a minimum age constraint for deposition in the Manzano Mountains. Normalized probability plots from this study are similar to previously reported age distributions in the Burro and San Andres Mountains in southern New Mexico and suggest that Yavapai Province age detritus was deposited and intermingled with Mazatzal Province age detritus across much of the Mazatzal crustal province in New Mexico. This data shows that the tectonic evolution of southwestern Laurentia is associated with multiple orogenic events. Regional metamorphism and deformation in the area must postdate the Mazatzal Orogeny and ca. 1610 Ma ¿ 1620 Ma rhyolite crystallization and is attributed to the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1400 ¿ 1480 Ma Picuris Orogeny.

Radiocarbon analysis in an Alpine ice core: Record of anthropogenic and biogenic contributions to carbonaceous Radiocarbon analysis in an Alpine ice core: Record of anthropogenic and biogenic contributions to carbonaceous aerosols in the past (1650-1940)

Long-term concentration records of carbonaceous particles (CP) are of increasing interest in climate research due to their not yet completely understood effects on climate. Nevertheless, only poor data on their concentrations and sources before the 20th century are available. We present a first long-term record of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations – the two main fractions of CP – along with the corresponding fraction of modern carbon (fM) derived from radiocarbon (14C) analysis in ice. This allows a distinction and quantification of natural (biogenic) and anthropogenic (fossil) sources in the past. CP were extracted from an ice archive, with resulting carbon quantities in the microgram range. Analysis of 14C by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) was therefore highly demanding. We analysed 33 samples of 0.4 to 1 kg ice from a 150.5 m long ice core retrieved at Fiescherhorn glacier in December 2002 (46°33'3.2" N, 08°04'0.4" E; 3900 m a.s.l.). Samples were taken from bedrock up to the firn/ice transition, covering the time period 1650–1940 and thus the transition from the pre-industrial to the industrial era. Before ~1850, OC was approaching a purely biogenic origin with a mean concentration of 24 μg kg−1 and a standard deviation of 7 μg kg−1. In 1940, OC concentration was about a factor of 3 higher than this biogenic background, almost half of it originating from anthropogenic sources, i.e. from combustion of fossil fuels. The biogenic EC concentration was nearly constant over the examined time period with 6 μg kg−1 and a standard deviation of 1 μg kg−1. In 1940, the additional anthropogenic input of atmospheric EC was about 50 μg kg−1.