988 resultados para Carbono 13


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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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A espécie Eleutherine plicata Herb. é uma Iridaceae, conhecida popularmente como marupazinho, muito utilizada pela população para o tratamento de diarréias. Com o bulbo da planta prepara-se um chá, que é utilizado no tratamento de infestações causadas por ameba. O material vegetal utilizado neste estudo foi coletado em Belém do Pará e sua identificação botânica foi realizada por comparação de exsicata depositada no Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi sob nº 10543. O extrato etanólico (EE) foi preparado por percolação a partir do bulbo previamente seco e moído. Após a secagem o extrato etanólico foi suspenso em uma solução hidroalcóolica (1:1) e submetida a partição com solventes de polaridades crescente. Com o extrato etanólico e as frações foram realizados 18 testes para detectar classes de metabólitos secundários. O extrato etanólico e as frações hexânica e clorofórmica apresentaram resultado positivo para naftoquinonas, antraquinonas e esteróides e triperpenos. As análises por cromatografia em camada delgada do extrato etanólico e frações hexânica e clorofórmica mostraram zonas sensíveis à solução metanólica de KOH 10%, indicando a presença de quinonas nestas amostras. A avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana do referido extrato e frações com cepas de C. albicans, S. aureus, E. coli e P. aeruginosa demonstrou que a fração clorofórmica é a mais ativa, apresentando os maiores halos de inibição de crescimento microbiano, possivelmente, contendo uma maior concentração de constituintes ativos. Da fração clorofórmica foram isolados os constituintes químicos isoeleuterol e isoeleuterina, os quais foram caracterizados quimicamente através de ressonância manética nuclear de hidrogênio (RMN1H) e carbono 13 (RMN 13C), em comparação com os dados da literatura. O extrato etanólico, isoeleuterol e isoeleuterina foram submetidos a avaliação de suas atividades antioxidantes, os quais apresentaram fraca atividade quando comparado com o padrão BHT.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

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The gastrointestinal tract is the main route of nutrients absorption and drugs delivery. Is important to know the parameters related to the tract, like gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit, in order to better understand the behavior of different kind of meals or drugs passing through the GIT. Many techniques are used to study these parameters, such as manometry, scintigraphy, phenol red, activated charcoal and carbon-13 reading. However, these methods use radiation, are invasive and require animal sacrifice. As an alternative proposal, the Alternate Current Biosusceptometry (ACB), a magnetic technique, has proved to be effective for these studies with small animals, in a noninvasive way, low cost, radiation free and avoiding the animal death. Associating the ACB to magnetic micro or nanoparticles used as tracers, it is possible to observe the meal behavior inside of the GIT. Focusing meanly on liquid meals digestion, this paper had the objective to evaluate the efficiency of the ACB technique in gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit evaluation of liquid meals in rats. To perform the experiments, magnetic nanoparticles (ferrite, MgFe2O4) were used on a 1,5 ml solution introduced by gavage on similar weight and age rats. The sensor made by 2 pairs of coils, capable of generating and detecting magnetic fields, creates a field on the interest place and when this field is in contact with the marked meal, it changes, resulting on a variation of the measured voltage. The voltage variation is analyzed and is obtained a particle concentration on the interest region. The results showed that is possible to apply the ACB technique on the GIT evaluation of liquid particles digestion, gastric emptying and meal cecum arrival time curves were obtained and from that, is possible to observe a pattern of gastrointestinal transit. Both mean process time values were acquired, proving the technique capability of ...

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This research examines the merits of hallucinogenic plants considered and/or psychoactive substances, such as Cannabis sativa and Ipomoea violacea, using the isotope rates of stable isotope of oxygen (18O) and nitrogen (15N), continuing projects already developed by the research group at the Center for Stable Isotope (CIE), which evaluated the isotopes carbon-13. This paper helps in creating a database that we intent to use in evaluation of each plant merit. Through the IRMS (Isotope-Ratio Mass Spectrometry) technique, it has shown that some of the 24 samples of marijuana (Cannabis sativa L.) evaluated were similar to those grown in the regions of Fairbanks and Tanacross Alaska, USA. In turn, the 50 samples of Ipomoea violacea, coming from Botucatu (SP) and Três Lagoas (MS), got their differences detected, in order to clearly identify the discrepancies between their growing regions. Thus, it was possible not only to track the geographical differences between marijuana samples collected from different regions, but also evaluate the isotopic variation of leaf, flower and seed of Ipomoea violacea. With this database, it was possible to determine the origin region of the drug and/or detect where the cultivation was carried out, aiding in the search of the traffic control agencies, such as the Federal Police in Brazil

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Objectives: the aim of this work was to define the range of possible values for each isotope of carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 for cocaine and marijuana seized in Botucatu-SP, with the intention of distinguishing the geographical origin of the drug. Materials and Methods: samples of marijuana and cocaine were collected at the time of incineration. Then, at the Stable Isotope Center from São Paulo State University in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, samples of marijuana were subjected to the drying process and subsequent grinding. Samples of cocaine were not submitted to the processes of drying and grinding because they were already in adequate granulometry. Subsequently, the samples of both drugs were weighed in accordance with the standards for carbon-13 and nitrogen-15. Lastly, CO2 and N2 gases were obtained from the samples through the elemental analyzer. They were then analyzed in a mass spectrometer to obtain values of δ13C and δ15N in ‰. Results and Discussion: the results of marijuana allowed for comparison with regions of Queensland, Australia, according to the range of δ13C between -29.9 ‰ and -29.3 ‰ and δ15N range from 4.1 ‰ to 5.8 ‰. The results were also consistent with those of the state of Pará, Brazil, where the values of δ13C and δ15N were -30.3 ± 0.7 ‰ and 5.0 ± 1.3 ‰, respectively. Also the results were in accordance with those from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in which δ13C values varied by -28.7 ± 1.3 ‰, and δ15N values varied by 6.6 ± 1.1 ‰, respectively. In both regions, the samples identified as being from Pará and Mato Grosso do Sul showed an overlap. In addition, the results fitted with data from the state of Maranhão, in which the values of δ13C and δ15 N were -28.8 ± 1.6 ‰ and 2.9 ± 2.5 ‰, respectively. In the case of cocaine, the present study could not be related to the results from the literature. One possible explanation may be related to the non-purification of ...

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)