Volatile profile and sensory quality of new varieties of Capsicum chinense pepper

The objective of this study was to compare the sensory quality and the volatile compound profile of new varieties of Capsicum chinense pepper (CNPH 4080 a strain of'Cumari-do-Pará' and BRS Seriema) with a known commercial variety (Biquinho). Volatiles were isolated from the headspace of fresh fruit by SPME and identified by GC-MS. Pickled peppers were produced for sensory evaluation. Aroma descriptors were evaluated by Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) method, and the frequency data were submitted to Correspondence Analysis. Flavor acceptance was assessed by hedonic scale and analyzed by ANOVA. BRS Seriema showed the richest volatile profile, with 55 identified compounds, and up to 40% were compounds with sweet aroma notes. CNPH 4080 showed similar volatile profile to that of Biquinho pepper, but it had higher amounts of pepper-like and green-note compounds. The samples did not differ in terms of flavor acceptance, but they showed differences in aroma quality confirming the differences found in the volatile profiles. The C. chinense varieties developed by Embrapa proved to be more aromatic than Biquinho variety, and were well accepted by the judges.

Genetic variability for synthesis of bioactive compounds in peppers (Capsicum annuum) from Brazil

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability for synthesis of bioactive compounds in pepper (Capsicum annuum, Solanaceae). Total phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoids and antioxidant activity were evaluated in 14 accessions of Capsicum annuum from the Capsicum Genebank of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture (Pelotas – RS, Brazil). Thirty plants of each accession were cultivated in the field during spring and summer. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with 14 treatments (accessions) and three replications. The laboratory evaluations followed the same experimental design to field, but with two repetitions more. Seeds were discarded and opposite longitudinal portions of fruits were manually prepared for chemical analyzes. The data obtained showed high genetic variability for phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoids and antioxidant activity. The P39, P77, P119, P143 and P302 accessions exhibited the highest levels of antioxidants, which are strongly indicated to be used in breeding programs of Capsicum peppers.

Chemical composition and nutritive value of hot pepper seed (Capsicum annuum) grown in Northeast Region of China

Chemical composition and nutritive value of hot pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum) grown in Northeast Region of China were investigated. The proximate analysis showed that moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein and total dietary fiber contents were 4.48, 4.94, 23.65, 21.29 and 38.76 g/100 g, respectively. The main amino acids were glutamic acid and aspartic acid (above 2 g/100 g), followed by histidine, phenylalanine, lysine, arginine, cysteine, leucine, tryptophan, serine, glycine, methionine, threonine and tyrosine (0.8-2 g/100 g). The contents of proline, alanine, valine and isoleucine were less than 0.8 g/100 g. The fatty acid profile showed that linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid (above 0.55 g/100 g) as the most abundant fatty acids followed lauric acid, arachidic acid, gondoic acid and behenic acid (0.03-0.15 g/100 g). Analyses of mineral content indicated that the most abundant mineral was potassium, followed by magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, sodium and manganese. The nutritional composition of hot pepper seeds suggested that they could be regarded as good sources of food ingredients and as new sources of edible oils.

Alterações fisiológicas e enzimáticas durante a maturação de sementes de pimenta (Capsicum annuum L.)

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações fisiológicas e enzimáticas em sementes de pimenta, cv. Amarela Comprida, obtidas de frutos colhidos em diferentes estádios de maturação e submetidos ao armazenamento pós-colheita. Os frutos foram colhidos aos 40, 50, 60 e 70 dias após a antese (DAA) e submetidos ao armazenamento por 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 diaspara, então, proceder à extração das sementes.A qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi avaliada pelos testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, deterioração controlada e condutividade elétrica. Avaliaram-se, ainda, as alterações nos sistemas enzimáticos malato desigrogenase (MDH), álcool desidrogenase (ADH), superóxido dismutase (SOD) e peroxidase (PO). Melhores resultados de germinação e vigor e maior atividade de enzimas, envolvidas na respiração e proteção contra radicais livres, são observados em sementes obtidas de frutos colhidos a partir de 60 DAA, não sendo necessário o armazenamento destes após a colheita.

Efectos de pigmentación en el músculo de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) mediante el uso de extractos pigmentantes de flor de cempasúchil (Tagetes erecta) y paprika (Capsicum annuum) incorporados en el alimento balanceado.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Ecología Acuática y Pesca) UANL

Efecto de tres dosis de polímero y tres dosis de fertilizante en la producción de plántula de chile serrano (Capsicum annuum L.) var. Tampiqueño 74

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias en Producción Agrícola) UANL

Hongos micorrícicos vesículo-arbusculares asociados a plantas silvestres de chile piquín (Capsicum annumm L. var aviculare Dunal) en los municipios de Linares y Montemorelos, Nuevo León, México por Martha Guadalupe Valencia Chavarría

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Forestales) U.A.N.L.

Estudios ecofisiológicos, métodos de propagación y productividad del chile piquín (Capsicum annuum L. var. aviculare Dierb.) D & E. [por] José Guadalupe Almanza Enríquez

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Botánica) U.A.N.L.

Determinación de la calidad microbiológica en punto de venta de chile jalapeño (capsicum annum)y chile serrano (C.annuum var accuminatum) e identificación de peligros microbiológicos durante su cultivo. Estudio de la región de Cadereyta Jiménez, N.L.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Acentuación en Microbiología) UANL, 2012.

Efecto de un gradiente de elevación, procedencia y temperatura en la germinación de semillas de chile piquín capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum (dunal) heiser y pickersgill).

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Forestales) UANL, 2013.

Validación de un método basado en filtración por membrana para la detección de patógenos bacterianos en melón, Cucumis melo (L,. 1753) y chile jalapeño, Capsicum annuum (L., 1753).

Tesis (Maestro en Ciencias con acentuación en Microbiología) UANL, 2014.

Efecto de condiciones ambientales de producción en las propiedades organolépticas del chile piquín (Capsicum annuum L. var. aviculare

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Forestales) UANL, 2014.

Efecto de un humato de calcio y fulvato de hierro en la calidad y producción de chile jalapeño (capsicum annum l.) y piquín (capsicum annum l. aviculare) y en la porosidad en un suelo calcisol.

Tesis (Doctor en Ciencias Agrícolas) UANL, 2014.

Unilateral incompatibility in Capsicum (Solanaceae): Occurrence and taxonomic distribution

Background and aims Unilateral incompatibility (UI) occurs when pollinations between species are successful in one direction but not in the other. Self-incompatible (SI) species frequently show UI with genetically related, self-compatible (SC) species, as pollen of SI species is compatible on the SC pistil, but not vice versa. Many examples of unilateral incompatibility, and all those which have been studied most intensively, are found in the Solanaceae, particularly Lycopersicon, Solanum, Nicotiana and Petunia. The genus Capsicum is evolutionarily somewhat distant from Lycopersicon and Solanum and even further removed from Nicotiana and Petunia. Unilateral incompatibility has also been reported in Capsicum; however, this is the first comprehensive study of crosses between all readily available species in the genus. Methods All readily available (wild and domesticated) species in the genus are used as plant material, including the three genera from the Capsicum pubescens complex plus eight other species. Pollinations were made on pot-grown plants in a glasshouse. The number of pistils pollinated per cross varied (from five to 40 pistils per plant), depending on the numbers of flowers available. Pistils were collected 24 h after pollination and fixed for 3-24 h. After staining, pistils were mounted in a drop of stain, squashed gently under a cover slip and examined microscopically under ultra-violet light for pollen tube growth. Key results Unilateral incompatibility is confirmed in the C. pubescens complex. Its direction conforms to that predominant in the Solanaceae and other families, i.e. pistils of self-incompatible species, or self-compatible taxa closely related to self-incompatible species, inhibit pollen tubes of self-compatible species. Conclusions Unilateral incompatibility in Capsicum does not seem to have arisen to prevent introgression of self-compatibility into self-incompatible taxa, but as a by-product of divergence of the C. pubescens complex from the remainder of the genus. (C) 2004 Annals of Botany Company.