Atividade antioxidante em acessos de pimentas (Capsicum annuum).

2015

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Of Capsaicinoids From Malagueta Pepper (capsicum Frutescens L.) Assisted By Ultrasound.

Extracts from malagueta pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) were obtained using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) assisted by ultrasound, with carbon dioxide as solvent at 15MPa and 40°C. The SFE global yield increased up to 77% when ultrasound waves were applied, and the best condition of ultrasound-assisted extraction was ultrasound power of 360W applied during 60min. Four capsaicinoids were identified in the extracts and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. The use of ultrasonic waves did not influence significantly the capsaicinoid profiles and the phenolic content of the extracts. However, ultrasound has enhanced the SFE rate. A model based on the broken and intact cell concept was adequate to represent the extraction kinetics and estimate the mass transfer coefficients, which were increased with ultrasound. Images obtained by field emission scanning electron microscopy showed that the action of ultrasonic waves did not cause cracks on the cell wall surface. On the other hand, ultrasound promoted disturbances in the vegetable matrix, leading to the release of extractable material on the solid surface. The effects of ultrasound were more significant on SFE from larger solid particles.

Produção e qualidade de frutos de híbridos de pimentão (Capsicum annuum) em ambiente protegido em Manaus-AM

Na avaliação de cultivares de hortaliças, os rendimentos médios mais elevados nos ensaios de competição, associados aos fatores de qualidade, são utilizados como critérios de recomendação para plantio. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar nas condições climáticas de Manaus, AM, sob cultivo protegido, cinco híbridos comerciais de pimentão. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação do tipo arco, medindo 50,4m de comprimento com 7m de largura e coberta com plástico de 100 micras. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e parcelas de 20 plantas e avaliadas as características: peso (PF) e número (NF) de frutos produzidos por planta, peso médio de fruto (PMF), comprimento (CF) e diâmetro (DF) médio do fruto e relação CF/DF (RCD). Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variância e comparação de médias (Tukey). Foram verificadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas para todas as características avaliadas, com excessão para PF. Os híbridos Magali R e Nathalie apresentaram frutos mais alongados, formato preferido pelo consumidor local. Os frutos do híbrido Safari R, embora menos alongados que os de Magali R e Nathalie, apresentam maior peso médio e satisfazem a exigência do mercado local, sendo esse híbrido uma boa alternativa para diversificação dos híbridos cultivados.

Efeitos de estimulante vegetal na produtividade de Capsicum annuvm L. e Solarium melongena L.

Estudaram-se em condições de campo os efeitos do estimulante vegetal atonik (mono-nitroguaiacol sódico e outros compostos aromáticos nitrogenados) 1 : 2000 na produção de pimentão 'Híbrido Tanebrás' e de beringela 'F 100 509', 'Híbrido F 100N' e 'Híbrido Super F 100 RV', semeados em 15 de outubro. Comparando-se os três cultivares de beringela, verificou-se que o cultivar Híbrido Super F 100 RV produziu maior peso total e número de frutos, sendo que a beringela 'Híbrido F 100 N' produziu frutos com peso médio mais elevado. Apesar do estimulante vegetal não ter afetado de forma significativa a produção de pimentão, Atonik em pós-fixação e Atonik + uréia em pós - fixação e mais 2 vezes tenderam a aumentar o peso total e o número de frutos coletados. Atonik 0,5 ml/l não afetou de forma favorável a produção de beringela nas épocas estudadas, tendo mesmo promovido reduções no peso total e médio dos frutos do cultivar Híbrido F 100 N e no peso total e número de frutos do cultivar Híbrido Super F 100 RV.

Genetic variability for synthesis of bioactive compounds in peppers (Capsicum annuum) from Brazil

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability for synthesis of bioactive compounds in pepper (Capsicum annuum, Solanaceae). Total phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoids and antioxidant activity were evaluated in 14 accessions of Capsicum annuum from the Capsicum Genebank of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture (Pelotas – RS, Brazil). Thirty plants of each accession were cultivated in the field during spring and summer. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with 14 treatments (accessions) and three replications. The laboratory evaluations followed the same experimental design to field, but with two repetitions more. Seeds were discarded and opposite longitudinal portions of fruits were manually prepared for chemical analyzes. The data obtained showed high genetic variability for phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoids and antioxidant activity. The P39, P77, P119, P143 and P302 accessions exhibited the highest levels of antioxidants, which are strongly indicated to be used in breeding programs of Capsicum peppers.

Chemical composition and nutritive value of hot pepper seed (Capsicum annuum) grown in Northeast Region of China

Chemical composition and nutritive value of hot pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum) grown in Northeast Region of China were investigated. The proximate analysis showed that moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein and total dietary fiber contents were 4.48, 4.94, 23.65, 21.29 and 38.76 g/100 g, respectively. The main amino acids were glutamic acid and aspartic acid (above 2 g/100 g), followed by histidine, phenylalanine, lysine, arginine, cysteine, leucine, tryptophan, serine, glycine, methionine, threonine and tyrosine (0.8-2 g/100 g). The contents of proline, alanine, valine and isoleucine were less than 0.8 g/100 g. The fatty acid profile showed that linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid (above 0.55 g/100 g) as the most abundant fatty acids followed lauric acid, arachidic acid, gondoic acid and behenic acid (0.03-0.15 g/100 g). Analyses of mineral content indicated that the most abundant mineral was potassium, followed by magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, sodium and manganese. The nutritional composition of hot pepper seeds suggested that they could be regarded as good sources of food ingredients and as new sources of edible oils.

Efectos de pigmentación en el músculo de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) mediante el uso de extractos pigmentantes de flor de cempasúchil (Tagetes erecta) y paprika (Capsicum annuum) incorporados en el alimento balanceado.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Ecología Acuática y Pesca) UANL

Hongos micorrícicos vesículo-arbusculares asociados a plantas silvestres de chile piquín (Capsicum annumm L. var aviculare Dunal) en los municipios de Linares y Montemorelos, Nuevo León, México por Martha Guadalupe Valencia Chavarría

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Forestales) U.A.N.L.

Efecto de un humato de calcio y fulvato de hierro en la calidad y producción de chile jalapeño (capsicum annum l.) y piquín (capsicum annum l. aviculare) y en la porosidad en un suelo calcisol.

Tesis (Doctor en Ciencias Agrícolas) UANL, 2014.

Segregation of morphological and isozyme markers in a cross of Capsicum baccatum and Capsicum cardenasii

The genus Capsicum has 20-30 species, of which only a few are cultivated. Capsicum annuum L. is the best known Capsicum all around the world, while the other species are not common outside Latin America. Since it is the best known and commercially the most valuable species, many breeding programs have been conducted on C annuum L., especially on the non-pungent vegetable types. Breeding of other species has received less attention. Therefore, this work was conducted on two species other than C. annuum that are rarely studied-C. baccatum and C. cardenasii. Other results concern linkage groups and association of the marker genes or linkage groups with the chromosomes involved in an interchange. Linkage was detected for two pairs of genes only; these were between Got-1 and Idh-1, and between Pgi-2 and Est-5. No gene was found to show a statistically significant association with chromosomes with interchanged segments.

Uso medicinal da pimenta malagueta (Capsicum frutescens L.) em uma comunidade de várzea à margem do rio Amazonas, Santarém, Pará, Brasil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Eficiência polinizadora de apis mellifera l. e polinizaç ão entomófila em pimentão variedade cascadura ikeda

The aim of this research was to identify the insects visiting flowers of sweet pepper and evaluate the effects of entomophilous pollination as a whole and, more especifically, of honeybees as pollinators of this crop. This study was carried out in the municipality of Taubaté, State of São Paulo, Brazil (21°01'S; 45°29'W; altitude: 570 m) from April to September, 2002. Insects were collected in thirty-six plants during 10 minutes/hour between 6:00 and 17:00h during days of maximum blooming. Twelve plots were subjected to the following treatments: (1) open-pollinated plots, freely visited by insects; (2) caged plots; (3) caged plots containing a hive of honeybees. Twelve species of insects visited the flowers. Exomalopsis spp. (Hymenoptera, Apidae) were the commonest ones (53,9% of visits). Fruits yielded in treatments (1) and (3) were heavier, presented higher diameter, thicker pericarp and more seeds per fruit than fruits in treatment (2). Results showed that fruits from insect pollinated plots presented better quality. Honeybeesas as pollinators were efficient as the other insects. sweet pepper, Capsicum annuum L., Solanaceae, pollination, Apis mellifera, honeybee.

Acúmulo de nutrientes e desempenho agronômico do pimenteiro (Capsicum Annum L.) em função dos métodos de enxertia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Deficiência hídrica em plantas de pimentão (Capsicum annum L.) fertirrigadas e seus efeitos sobre a produção de massa e parâmetros bioquímicos

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Variabilidade de potyvirus infectando Capsicum spp. no estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)