Desenvolvimento de uma unidade pirolítica com reator de cilindro rotativo: obtenção de bio-óleo

The demand for alternative sources of energy drives the technological development so that many fuels and energy conversion processes before judged as inadequate or even non-viable, are now competing fuels and so-called traditional processes. Thus, biomass plays an important role and is considered one of the sources of renewable energy most important of our planet. Biomass accounts for 29.2% of all renewable energy sources. The share of biomass energy from Brazil in the OIE is 13.6%, well above the world average of participation. Various types of pyrolysis processes have been studied in recent years, highlighting the process of fast pyrolysis of biomass to obtain bio-oil. The continuous fast pyrolysis, the most investigated and improved are the fluidized bed and ablative, but is being studied and developed other types in order to obtain Bio-oil a better quality, higher productivity, lower energy consumption, increased stability and process reliability and lower production cost. The stability of the product bio-oil is fundamental to designing consumer devices such as burners, engines and turbines. This study was motivated to produce Bio-oil, through the conversion of plant biomass or the use of its industrial and agricultural waste, presenting an alternative proposal for thermochemical pyrolysis process, taking advantage of particle dynamics in the rotating bed that favors the right gas-solid contact and heat transfer and mass. The pyrolyser designed to operate in a continuous process, a feeder containing two stages, a divisive system of biomass integrated with a tab of coal fines and a system of condensing steam pyrolytic. The prototype has been tested with sawdust, using a complete experimental design on two levels to investigate the sensitivity of factors: the process temperature, gas flow drag and spin speed compared to the mass yield of bio-oil. The best result was obtained in the condition of 570 oC, 25 Hz and 200 cm3/min, temperature being the parameter of greatest significance. The mass balance of the elementary stages presented in the order of 20% and 37% liquid pyrolytic carbon. We determined the properties of liquid and solid products of pyrolysis as density, viscosity, pH, PCI, and the composition characterized by chemical analysis, revealing the composition and properties of a Bio-oil.

Modelagem matemática para o aproveitamento da biomassa residual de colheita da cana-de-açúcar com menor custo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cellulose pyrolysis and quantum chemistry

Cellulose is the major constituent of most plants of interest as renewable sources of energy and is the most extensively studied form of biomass or biomass constituent. Predicting the mass loss and product yields when cellulose is subjected to increased temperature represents a fundamental problem in the thermal release of biomass energy. Unfortunately, at this time, there is no internally consistent model of cellulose pyrolysis that can organize the varied experimental data now available or provide a guide for additional experiments. Here, we present a model of direct cellulose pyrolysis using a multistage decay scheme that we first presented in the IJQC in 1984. This decay scheme can, with the help of an inverse method of assigning reaction rates, provide a reasonable account of the direct fast pyrolysis yield measurements. The model is suggestive of dissociation states of d-glucose (C6H10O5,), the fundamental cellulose monomer. The model raises the question as to whether quantum chemistry could now provide the dissociation energies for the principal breakup modes of glucose into C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4, and C-5 compounds. These calculations would help in achieving a more fundamental description of volatile generation from cellulose pyrolysis and could serve as a guide for treating hemicellulose and lignin, the other major biomass constituents. Such advances could lead to the development of a predictive science of biomass pyrolysis that would facilitate the design of liquifiers and gasifiers based upon renewable feedstocks. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Desempenho operacional e opacidade da fumaça do trator agrícola em função do tipo de biodiesel (soja x murumuru) em operação de preparo do solo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Acúmulo de matéria seca e macronutrientes por cultivares de sorgo sacarino

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Correlação entre biomassa e nutrientes de galhos e folhas em um plantio adensado de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modelos matemáticos aplicados a problemas na cultura da cana-de-açúcar e no aproveitamento da energia da biomassa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise econômico-energética de utilização de resíduo industrial florestal para geração de energia térmica: um estudo de caso

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Avaliação da eficiência do amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) na utilização da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa para produção de matéria seca

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Utilização de um algoritmo de caminho mínimo no processo de recolhimento do palhiço da cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Programação linear inteira aplicada ao aproveitamento do palhiço da cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Efeito do sistema de secagem de crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) na qualidade dos grãos e do óleo para produção de biodiesel

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

A cooperação entre Brasil e Estados Unidos na área de biocombustíveis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sinteses e caracterização de zeólitas para imobilização da lipase de Thermomyces lanuginous aplicada a produção de biodiesel a partir de óleo de palma via rota etílica

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE

Balanço de gases de efeito estufa em áreas de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes cenários de manejo, considerando-se mitigações

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)