Emotions and identity in the figured world of becoming a doctor

CONTEXT: There is little room in clerkship curricula for students to express emotions, particularly those associated with the development of a caring identity. Yet it is recognised that competence, alone, does not make a good doctor. We therefore set out to explore the relationship between emotions and identity in clerkship education. Our exploration was conceptually oriented towards Figured Worlds theory, which is linked to Bakhtin's theory of dialogism.

METHODS: Nine female and one male member of a mixed student cohort kept audio-diaries and participated in both semi-structured and cognitive individual interviews. The researchers identified 43 emotionally salient utterances in the dataset and subjected them to critical discourse analysis. They applied Figured Worlds constructs to within-case and cross-case analyses, supporting one another's reflexivity and openness to different interpretations, and constantly comparing their evolving interpretation against the complete set of transcripts.

RESULTS: Students' emotions were closely related to their identity development in the world of medicine. Patients were disempowered by their illnesses. Doctors were powerful because they could treat those illnesses. Students expressed positive emotions when they were granted positions in the world of medicine and were able to identify with the figures of doctors or other health professionals. They identified with doctors who behaved in caring and professionally appropriate ways towards patients and supportively towards students. Students expressed negative emotions when they were unable to develop their identities.

CONCLUSIONS: Critical discourse analysis has uncovered a link between students' emotions and their identity development in the powerful world of becoming and being a doctor. At present, identity development, emotions and power are mostly tacit in undergraduate clinical curricula. We speculate that helping students to express emotions and exercise power in the most effective ways might help them to develop caring identities.

Do you believe in the Loch Ness Monster? Children's influence on mothers' beliefs, values, and social/cultural practices.

Obtaining mothers' perspectives and descriptions of incidents in which their child(ren) said or did something that influenced the mothers' values, beliefs, and/or social or cultural practices, that is, the content of socialization, was the primary aim of this research. Bakhtin's (2004) metatheoretical account of dialogism was used to frame this study. From a dialogic perspective utterances (for example, the utterances of children in the present study) are events or acts and are presented as one way to view the process of socialization. In part this purpose, and the decision to utilize a qualitative research orientation, was to address a call (Lollis & Kuczynski, 1997) for qualitative or microanalytic analyses to help elucidate the processes of socialization. Mothers (N=10) in this study were able to provide descriptions of incidents in which their child(ren) said or did something that influenced the mother and hence we have some description of the concept of bidirectionality, a well accepted, but undertheorized concept in developmental psychology. While the concepts of multiple sources of influence and contexts are salient areas of research in parent-child socialization, and were mentioned in the informants reporting these areas did not appear to be as salient in the mothers' accounts. Emotions and the meaning mothers 'derived' from the interactions did, however, take much more prominence in the described incidents.

La expresión del deseo en la literatura femenina como respuesta a la opresión dictatorial y patriarcal en la obra de Luisa Valenzuela

Ce mémoire de maîtrise a pour visée d’étudier la spécificité antiautoritaire du discours narratif de l’écrivaine argentine Luisa Valenzuela. Le corpus étudié comprend des nouvelles publiées dans les livres Cambio de armas (1982) et Simetrías (1993), écrites respectivement durant la dictature militaire (1976-1983) et dix ans après le retour à la démocratie. L’analyse des nouvelles dialogue avec l’essai de l’écrivaine, Peligrosas palabras (2001), et avec les différentes perspectives théoriques que nous adoptons dans chacun des chapitres (sociolinguistique, théorie féministe et critique culturelle). Cette recherche fera ressortir comment l’expression du désir dans les textes de Luisa Valenzuela critique les relations de domination présentes dans la dictature et dans la société patriarcale. Les textes étudiés 1) dénoncent les effets de la politique répressive sur le sujet en exposant la sexualité et en rejetant la séparation entre les sphères publique et privée; 2) ils soulignent la matérialité du corps, qui est marqué par les relations sociales et les rapports de pouvoir, à partir de laquelle il est possible de construire une objectivité féminine hors de l’opposition entre corps et esprit; 3) ils créent de nouvelles formes de représentation de la mémoire qui permettent de redéfinir la relation à l’histoire et à l’Autre. Dans le langage de Valenzuela, le désir se présente alors comme une revendication de relations sociales justes et d’une vision alternative du langage, de la subjectivité et de la mémoire.

The dialogic and the carnivalesque in Beloved and Jazz by Toni Morrison

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Mise en voix de l'intime : étude de cinq solos de Marie Brassard

Ce mémoire se penche sur l’évolution des stratégies d’autoreprésentation et d’autofictionnalisation dans cinq solos de Marie Brassard entre 2000 et 2011 – Jimmy, créature de rêve, La noirceur, Peepshow, L’invisible et Moi qui me parle à moi-même dans le futur. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser comment les masques vocaux contribuent au dévoilement de soi et produisent de ce fait un sentiment d’intimité malgré l’alternance des effets d’identification et de distanciation qu’ils suscitent. Le premier chapitre montre que, par l’ouverture du moi sur le monde au fil des créations, les protagonistes parviennent bientôt à dire « je » sans avoir la consistance d’un personnage, alors que le moi de l’archiénonciatrice se dilate grâce à la perméabilité et aux permutations continuelles des thèmes, des motifs et des personnages. Le second chapitre analyse le décloisonnement spatial qui affecte la scène et la salle comme la performeuse et ses collaborateurs dans l’établissement d’un véritable dialogisme. À partir de l’étude du corps en scène, le dernier chapitre examine les effets du décloisonnement textuel et spatial, et montre que la mise en évidence du triple rôle endossé par Brassard – auteure, actrice et agenceure scénique – oblige à reconsidérer la nature du corps qui s’offre au regard durant la représentation, en invitant le spectateur à s’investir dans le jeu scénique au-delà des évidences.

La Parenthèse ; suivi de Tensions et enfermement dans les Cent Vingt Journées de Sodome du marquis de Sade

Ce mémoire en recherche-création explore l’enfermement volontaire et les différents types de tensions qu’il provoque. Court roman prenant la forme du journal intime, La Parenthèse met en scène un jeune homme qui décide de s’enfermer chez lui une semaine durant et s’interdit tout contact avec l’extérieur – autant pour prendre un congé temporaire de la vie qu’il mène que pour examiner les raisons de sa détresse quotidienne. Le monologue intérieur se transforme rapidement en dialogue, dès lors qu’un double vindicatif, interrompant la voix principale par des « répliques » entre parenthèses, fait son apparition. Une relation houleuse – sous tension – se tisse entre ces deux facettes du personnage tout au long des sept jours de la réclusion, les passages de dispute alternant avec des récits de souvenirs. En somme, le roman tente de dramatiser la question de l’emprisonnement de soi-même et de la limitation de l’écriture, cette limitation pouvant être à la fois malsaine et libératrice. Quant à l’essai, Tensions et enfermement dans les Cent Vingt Journées de Sodome du marquis de Sade, il part du thème de l’enfermement (en l’occurrence, celui des quatre amis qui exécutent le projet de passer quatre mois dans un château isolé) pour postuler une « architecture du désir » dans Les Cent Vingt Journées de Sodome. L’essai mobilise les ressources de la narratologie en prenant en compte les effets du texte sur le lecteur ; sont ainsi mises en évidence les tensions – sexuelle pour les protagonistes, narrative pour le lecteur – élaborées par cette écriture de l’enfermement et de la contrainte, dans laquelle le désir est toujours maintenu mais rarement satisfait.

Road novel, road movie : approche chronotopique du récit de la route

Thèse réalisée en cotutelle, sous la direction de M. Philippe Despoix (Université de Montréal) et de M. Michel Marie (Université Sorbonne Nouvelle-Paris 3)

Les processus de la mise en scène : polyphonie et complexité dans la création scénique

Les processus de la mise en scène reposent nécessairement sur une réalité humaine complexe, faite de dialogues et de rapports de force en constante redéfinition. Afin de les théoriser, plusieurs travaux ont institué en corpus les documents produits en cours de réunion ou de répétition, pour leur appliquer les méthodes issues de la génétique des textes. Or le transfert s’avère problématique : vestiges lacunaires, ces supports ne sauraient témoigner à eux seuls de la vie organique et polyphonique de la mise en scène en gestation. Une première solution consiste à opter pour une approche radicalement intermédiale des archives d’un spectacle : dans la mesure où la mise en scène fait interagir plusieurs disciplines artistiques, pourquoi ne pas la penser en confrontant activement les différents media générés lors de son élaboration ? Complémentaire de la première, une seconde proposition suppose que le chercheur s’implique dans une observation in vivo de réunions et de répétitions afin de disposer d’une matière plus complète. À cette clarification épistémologique succède un essai de théorisation des processus de la création scénique. Il apparaît tout d’abord que l’espace de travail est aussi bien un contenant physique de la recherche des artistes qu’un catalyseur : c’est en se l’appropriant à plusieurs qu’un groupe de collaborateurs donne corps à la mise en scène. L’espace de création révèle par là même une dimension polyphonique que l’on retrouve sur le plan du temps : dans la mesure où il engage un ensemble d’artistes, un processus ne possède pas de linéarité chronologique homogène ; il se compose d’une multitude de temporalités propres à chacun des répétants, qu’il s’agit de faire converger pour élaborer un spectacle commun à tous. Les processus de la mise en scène se caractérisent ainsi par leur dimension fondamentalement sociale. Réunie dans un espace-temps donné, la petite société formée autour du metteur obéit à un mode de création dialogique, où les propositions des uns et des autres s’agrègent pour former un discours foisonnant dont la force et l’unité sont garanties par une instance surplombante.

A divulgação do conhecimento científico sob uma perspectiva enunciativa

Esta dissertação focaliza um gênero textual denominado texto de divulgação científica, o qual tem por objetivo divulgar as recentes descobertas científicas. Ao se tratar de um modelo textual com peculiaridades próprias, busca-se, a partir do conceito bakhtiniano de gênero, classificá-Io corno um gênero emergente, por estar cadavez mais freqüente na rnídia impressa e eletrônica. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é mostrar como esse gênero textual é configurado por meio de estratégias lingüísticas que caracterizam o dialogismo e a polifonia. Para atingir tal propósito procedeu-se a uma análise enunciativa de textos de divulgação científica veiculados na Folha online, procurando verificar os diferentes recursos lingüísticos empregados para reformulação do referido texto a partir do texto original -o artigo científico. Os resultados apontam o texto de divulgação científica como um gênero predominantemente politõnico, pois, ao jogar com recursos disponíveis na língua, como por exemplo aspas, parênteses e certos marcadores discursivos, o divulgador tem a possibilidade de transformar um texto que apresenta maior grau de objetividade, imparcialidade e emprego de palavras técnicas, características próprias do artigo de cunho científico, em um texto constituído por uma - linguagem com palavras próximas do cotidiano do leitor e, portanto, permitindo uma leitura mais acessível.

Tear identitário:a prática docente em arte como conhecimento compartilhado

This investigative tissue is about the formation of identification processes of teachers and pedagogical practice of Art, in Teresina city. This search comprised the sum of the needs presented, agreed upon with the teachers engaged in the process, it was developed through the establishment of interactive environment Loom Team where collaboration and critical reflection were steering actions to promote the understanding of existing connections or relations within the processes of identifications and the pedagogical practice of Art. The tissue is formed by the polyphonic plot of the critical reflection of nine teachers of Art who engaged voluntarily and this investigation of formative nature and a production of knowledge. All these teachers have degree and the course of artistic education and especial qualification in Fine Arts and/or Drawing. The texture, which we denominated Identification Loom: The pedagogical practice of Art as share knowledge is (de) (re) construction of knowledge resulting from the critical reflection, in an environment of collaboration, which may have implications and ethical political attitudes in the pedagogical practice of the group. Within this context, we pose the following question: - How does the pedagogical practice in Art influence and/or be influenced by the identification processes of the teachers, and how do they interfere with the search and manifestation of the knowledge involved and the investment in professionalization? In view of this query, we make use of the cooperative investigation, having social history as theoretical reference and as analytic perspective of interactive and dialogical-reflexive processes. Thus, social historic theory, cooperative approach and pedagogical practice were the major components of the plot. The methodological texture counted on the threads of dialogical reflexion, of mediation and of collaboration. The conceptual formulation, the recording in videos of classes and the narratives of formations were the main threads of the analytic substrate of the investigation. With this articulation, theses threads appear as developers of processes leading to a major approximation of the thought on the identity/alterity dialectical pair of the participants involved. The language within this plot had a decisive importance in all the moments of the search of signification, embracing and connecting the identification/alterative processes, the pedagogical practice of Art and the knowledge shared. In such processes involving (de) (re) construction, one can notice a close correlation of the triad social identity, pedagogical practice and knowledge shared. For this reason, the vigotskian, guetmanovian and kopnian theoretizations were the major framework for the analysis of conceptual formulations; and, as for discourse analysis, Baktin and Orlandi were our masters. For these teachers, the experience shared throughout the process of this typology of tri-axial investigation focused the experience of many theoretical and practical assumptions. Such an experience enabled them to state that this, with collaboration, can make reflection on the practice a starting and promoting element, within the individual level of self-management, in addition to being a space of (de)(re)construction of meanings, of knowledge and of reinvention per se

O memorial autobiográfico: uma tradição acadêmica do ensino superior no Brasil

The thesis has as object of study the autobiographical memmorials. The general objective is to describe the history of the memmorial as an academic tradition of higher education in Brazil. Considered a hybrid genre, memmorials are known for focusing on life stories from a scientific perspective. The investigation revolves around three intertwined branches: History of Education, educational practices and language usages, which allow us to conduct a dialogue with multiple theoretical-methodological references with a view to supporting our analyses. The corpus used for the analysis was made up of 40 autobiographical memmorials, distributed as follows: 16 academic memmorials, dated from 1935 to 1970; 07 academic memmorials, dated from 1980 to 2007; and 17 formation memmorials, dated from 1995 to 2000. In this corpus, we also included official documents, which relate to legislation contained in edicts, resolutions, ordinances, regulations, which we used with a view to: 1) getting to know and understanding the big picture of higher education regulation in Brazil and the aspects related to the higher education teaching career; 2) investigating the text of memmorials in the light of the injunctive discourse characteristic of the edicts and resolutions in which they were based. The analysis of the memmorial supported by the legislation which regulates it allowed us to reconstitute the image of the professor throughout 80 years in the Brazilian public university. For this purpose, the study was conducted in the theoretical-methodological perspective of the (auto)biographical research in Education and of the sociolinguistic studies on discourse genres and discursive traditions. The investigations reveal the memmorial as an academic genre in which the professor's academic-professional history and the history of the higher education teaching career in Brazil intertwine. Anchored in the Bakhtinian perspective on discourse genres, according to which the memmorials evolve and become more complex as their contexts of usage also evolve and become more complex themselves, the results of our analyses allowed us to correlate genre changes to the sociohistorical context and to its usage as an educational practice in the university, in the decades under study. Therefore, the analyses showed that these self-writings: go from latent subjectivity to pure objectivity from the 1930s to 1960s; they show total annulment of the subject from the 1960s to the 1970s; they reappear in the 1980s, having Professor Magda Soares' memmorial as perspective; they expand and diversify from the 1990s onwards, taking on a formative role and a perspective of future as well. So far as language usages are concerned, we investigated the relationship of the subject with the language, especifically the manifestation of alterity on the discursive tissue of the memmorials. In this branch, the analyses pointed to the influence of the authoritative discourse on the formation of the professor and of the injunction and reinventing discourses on the authorship process. Therefore, the autobiographical memmorial reveals itself as a specific expression of the Brazilian academy's cultural sphere and allows us to confirm the hypothesis that each memorial tackles a singular-plural situation, by presenting a dialectical articulation between private and public, according to the institutional structures, in which and with which the professor has already formed him/herself and with which he/she dialogues

O estágio supervisionado como contexto de formação docente específica para educação infantil: o que dizem os formandos sobre suas aprendizagens?

Kindergarten teachers training gains the spotlight with the passing of Law number 9.394/96 (Guidelines and Basis Law) that defines this segment as the initial step of basic education, with pedagogical function. In this spectrum, the discussion about teacher training unravels to ensure social quality to education as well as the teacher s specificities towards child singularities. Adding to that, the growing propagation of Pedagogy in an undergraduate level, given that such course has been continually transformed by the National Curriculum Guidelines for Pedagogy (2006), highlighting the addition of curriculum components that are specific to upbringing. The complex debate circa kindergarten teachers training has advancements and hardships that need to be unveiled in order to improve both formation and social quality of education in the 0- 5 years old range. This investigation inserts itself in said context and aims to analyze which knowledge, specific to kindergarten teaching are constructed, according to undergraduate trainees, in Pedagogy s supervised internship. The study was conducted alongside the discipline: Supervised Internship in Child Education ministered by the Advanced Campus of Rio Grande do Norte s State University s in the municipality of Patu-RN (CAP-UERN-Patu) and was conducted through 2012 by accompanying four undergraduate interns. We first assumed that the development of teaching knowledge is a complex process of appropriation of cultural-social practices and is symbolically mediated by interactions that occur in the formation context, and the supervised internship can be understood as a space for the articulation and enlargement of theoretical and practical knowledge, directly related to the specificities of child education. The theoretical-methodological foundation was based upon the historiccultural approach of L. S. Vygotsky and M. Bakhtin s dialogism on human sciences research, as well as his postulates on learning and developmental processes, conceived as both essentially social and discursive. The investigation approached the principles of the qualitative perspective and to the construction and analysis of data, involved documental analysis and, specially, semi-structured interviews, both individual and collective, whose fundamental premise was the production-comprehension of meanings in a dialogical perspective. The participants texts/speeches produced a synthesis that points to the occurrence, within the supervised internship at CAP/UERN, of internalization/appropriation processes and, as such, of formulation of meanings that are pertinent to child education: child, childhood, kindergarten and teacher signification and this stage s specific teaching knowledge. It stood out that the internship, alongside other curriculum components, is, in fact, one of the primeval formation environment for the teachers, in which the interns interact with their colleagues, supervisor professor, collaborator professor, and of course, the children to construct their erudition. Such interactions allow the undergraduate interns to develop attitudes and procedures to reflect on what they know, what they ve done and what they can achieve. We have concluded that the undergraduate internship can constitute itself as an articulatorconsolidator environment in the future teacher s formation process and, since well oriented, can provide the effective initiation, not only to the practice, but to the praxis as a movement of non dissociability between theory and practice

Ideologia e poder no agendamento do discurso polifônico da imprensa em relação à seca no nordeste

This dissertation work is an effort to understand how the ideology and the power interferes in the signification of the speeches immersed in the context of the printed media concerning the drought in the Northeast of Brazil, weather occurrence that punishes 23 million of Brazilians, with all sort of problems. It also has specific concern about the everyday usage of the language and with the routines of the information production, without losing of sight the role of History in the formation of the identity of individuals and people. The research work is also developed in an interdisciplinary environment, applying to the formed corpus five articles from Folha de São Paulo , collected from January to July of 2005, the French Analysis method of the Speech and the theory of the polyphony of Bakhtin, in the Applied Linguistics area, accomplished with Communication beddings as the agenda-setting. The results ended to a good understanding about the ideology and power´s influence and chaining in the speeches formations as well as to comprehend peoples concept in an environment of almost-mediated interaction, bringing a media look about polyphony in the bakhtinian mold, besides showing how all these questions interferes with the half-barren the Northeast media´s vision on the subject

Estratégias argumentativas na construção do discurso ideológico: um estudo da produção didático-pedagógica do meb

This research studies the argumentative process developed by the Basis Educational Movement (MEB), using as corpus the booklet Viver é lutar , and other lesson plans of the Educational Rural Radio from Natal. It has as objectives reveal the argumentative strategies in the discursive production of MEB, exploring the meaning effects suggested by its production conditions, and the ideological positions defended, in addition to this, verify how the booklet and the radio classes dialogued in the argumentation of their theses. So, the study is guided by the Discourse Analysis presuppositions, by the Argumentation Theory, by the conceptions of Popular Education, as well as the conception language dialogical language conception, recurring to Bakhtin (1995). The research adopts the documental characteristic of qualitative nature with an interpretative basis. The analysis of the data permitted us to confirm that the pedagogical didactic material discourse of MEB was produced in a social-historical-ideological context in what the education was seen as a social liberation instrument, being able to transform the Brazilian people and the Brazilian unequal structure. The results reveal that the booklet and the classes assume a position remarkably in favor of the popular classes, structured by the argumentative techniques that intended to convince, and to persuade the auditorium. Thus, the argument was based initially on the convincing of youths and of adults for, afterwards, to construct a persuasion to the learners, in terms of referring to act on the reality to transform it, according to their desires of social justice

Linguagem e argumentação na produção escrita de vestibulandos

In this study, we analyzed the argumentative processes of written texts produced by UERN (Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte) vestibulandos : (students who apply for University Entrance Examinations in Brazil). It has as its corpus twenty compositions by such students. These compositions, collected in UFRN COMPERVE (Permanent Commission of vestibular examinations) and written in 2005 examination, were selected in a random way. The theoretical support is based on Perelman & Olbrechts-Tyteca (1999; 2002), Reboul (2004), Bakhtin (1992), Faraco (2003), Platão e Fiorim (2003) e Geraldi (1997), and other scholars. The work aimed to investigate how vestibulandos make use of argumentative techniques in order to construct their arguments in the vestibular examination. In the analysis of the corpus we considered that the used argumentative techniques, the relationship with the thesis, the sense effects students wanted to produce and the type of the required speech. It showed that in the, discourse construction of argumentative texts, students made use, with more frequency, of the following argumentative techniques: pragmatic arguments, arguments of the definition, comparison arguments, division arguments, example arguments, argument of the model and authority arguments as means to support their theses. However it was not carried out in a conventional way, reason why it leads us to believe that schools, as part of human activity, responsible for education and for the insert of learners in the literate world, have a fundamental role concerning the offer of conditions, so that, the teaching of Portuguese Language leads students to a systematic and explicit preparation of the knowledge, regarding the social and functions of the language, as well as of the strategies of the construction of argumentative texts. This can lead learners to develop communicative competence and to feel more confident when working with text production