Two new mermithidis (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasites of Simulium wolffhuegeli Roubaud and S. jujuyense (Paterson & Shannon) (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Argentina

Two new species of mermithids (Nematoda: Mermithidae), Gastromermis doloresi n. sp. a parasite of Simulium wolffhuegeli Roubaud and Hydromermis doloresi n. sp. a parasite of S. jujuyense (Paterson & Shannon) from Córdoba, Argentina, are described and illustrated. G. doloresi n. sp. is characterized by having medium sized, pear-shaped and oval amphids, eight hypodermal chords all around the body, cylindrical S-shaped vagina, single long spicule 528 [mi]m, whith teh sculpture tip, three rows of genital papillae in which the middle row contains 17 pre-anal and 9 post-anal papillae, and lateral rows contain 18 papillae. Hydromermis doloresi n. sp. can be distinghished by the following: medium sized, pear-shaped amphids, eight hypodermal chords, a cylindrical, S-shaped vagina, one short curved spicule with sculpture and genital papillae in three rows. The medium ventral row of papillae has 4 double and 9 single pre-anal papillae and 3 double and 6 single port-anal papillae, lateral rows have 18 single papillae each.

Attractiveness of black Shannon trap for phlebotomines

A white Shannon-type trap was used for captures of female sand flies in the search for natural infection with flagellates, however, due to its low productivity and as a large number of phlebotomines settled on the researchers' black clothes, we decided to compare the relative attractiveness of black and white Shannon-type traps for sand flies. Several pairs of black and white traps were placed side by side in front of caves in four areas in the Serra da Bodoquena, Bonito county, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, for a total of 12 observations and 44 h of capture. The experiment resulted in 889 phlebotomines captured, 801 on the black and 88 on the white trap, representing 13 species. The hourly Williams' means were 8.67 and 1.24, respectively, and the black/white ratio was 7.0:1.0. Lutzomyia almerioi, an anthropophilic species closely associated with caves, was predominant (89%). Only two other species, Nyssomyia whitmani and Psathyromyia punctigeniculata, also anthropophilic, were significantly attracted to the black rather than to the white trap (chi2 test; p <= 0.01). The difference between the diversity index of the two traps was not significant at level 0.05. The black trap in these circumstances was much more productive than the white, especially for anthropophilic species.

Winter survival of immature instars of Mansonia indubitans Dyar & Shannon and Mansonia titillans Walker (Diptera: Culicidae), in Buenos Aires, Argentina

We conducted a whole year research on the ecology of Mansonia indubitans and Ma. titillans in Macáes Pond, Costanera Sur Reserve, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The usage of different floating plants by immature instars and their overwintering was analized. The percentage of usage of the available floating macrophytes (Pistia, Limnobium, and Salvinia) by the larvae and pupae was studied. Also, we defined positivity (P+) as the percentage of plants with immature instars for each plant genus on a monthly basis. Ma. immature instars were captured throughout the year and Pistia was the resource most commonly exploited by the mosquitoes. The percentage of fourth-instar larvae and pupae on Pistia roots with respect to total immature instars captured was assessed on a monthly and seasonal basis. The proportion of fourth-instar larvae and pupae from both species of Mansonia on water lettuce roots, showed significant differences between months and seasons. Our results suggest that the populations of Ma. indubitans and Ma. titillans in Macáes Pond, survive during winter mainly as fourth-instar larvae.

Fauna de Muscidae (Diptera) em três localidades do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, capturada por armadilha Malaise

During two years, from August 1986 to July 1988, the entomofauna of some preserved areas of Parana State, southern Brazil, was sampled in a project called "Levantamento da Fauna Entomológica no Estado do Paraná (PROFAUPAR)". Specimens of Muscidae (Diptera) were sorted out from the material collected using Malaise traps in three of the eight sites sampled (Colombo, Ponta Grossa and Guarapuava) in the first year (August 1986 to July 1987). A total of 7,014 specimens of Muscidae was captured and 91 species were identified. Neodexiopsis flavipalpis Albuquerque was the most abundant species in Ponta Grossa (672 specimens) and in Guarapuava (332 specimens). For Colombo, the most abundant species was Neodexiopsis vulgaris Couri & Albuquerque (172 specimens). The highest richness of species and abundance were observed in Ponta Grossa (77 and 3,559 respectively). The total number of specimens and means values of capture were analyzed. Indices of diversity and evenness were used to discuss richness and dominance of species in each locality. Besides using ecological indices, species richness estimators were also used.

Adultrap: descrição de armadilha para adulto de Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae)

A Adultrap é uma nova armadilha para capturar Aedes aegypti. Esta tem forma cilíndrica, cor escura, formando três compartimentos, sendo um para isca, um para entrada do adulto e outro para retê-lo dentro da armadilha. Tanto no laboratório quanto no campo, os ensaios mostraram que a armadilha apresentou positividade na captura de adulto de Ae. aegypti. Esses ensaios sugerem mais estudos para avaliar a especificidade da Adultrap para capturar esta espécie.

Nidificação de Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini) em ninhos-armadilha no Nordeste do Maranhão, Brasil

Este trabalho teve como objetivo obter dados sobre a ecologia da nidificação de Centris (Hemisiella) tarsata Smith em três ecossistemas: mata ciliar (MC), mata mesofítica (MM) e eucaliptal (EC), utilizandose ninhos-armadilha confeccionados em gomos de bambu, distribuídos em diferentes alturas: 1,5 m e 5-12 m do solo. Foram obtidos 41 ninhos: 31 no EC e 10 na MM, a maioria no estrato superior e com maior freqüência de nidificações ocorrendo no período de estiagem. A razão sexual foi de 1,9:1 (fêmeas/ machos) no EC e de 1,08:1 na MM. Cerca de 22% dos ninhos do EC e 40% da MM foram parasitados por Mesocheira bicolor (Fabricius, 1804) (Hymenoptera, Apidae) e Coelioxys sp. (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). A análise polínica revelou predominância de grãos de pólen de Banisteriopsis sp. (Malpighiaceae) e Cassia sp. (Caesalpiniaceae) no EC e de espécies de Caesalpiniaceae Kunth. e Banisteriopsis Robinson na MM.

Diversidade de Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) coletados com armadilha de interceptação de vôo no Refúgio Ecológico Charles Darwin, Igarassu-PE, Brasil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar riqueza, abundância, diversidade e equitabilidade das espécies de Scarabaeinae em dois ambientes no Refúgio Ecológico Charles Darwin (RECD), Pernambuco. As coletas foram realizadas com armadilha de interceptação de vôo entre os meses de Abril e Junho de 2007, totalizando seis coletas. Foram capturados 4576 escarabeíneos, pertencentes a 35 espécies, 15 gêneros e seis tribos. Sete novos registros de espécies foram feitos para Pernambuco, passando de 26 para 33 espécies. As tribos registradas foram Canthonini, Ateuchini, Coprini, Phanaeini, Eurystenini e Onthophagini. Os gêneros melhor representados foram: Dichotomius com 84,6% dos besouros coletados, seguido por Canthidium com 7,62% e Canthon com 2,48%. A espécie Dichotomius aff.sericeus foi a mais abundante com 3889 indivíduos. Em todo o estudo foram verificadas 17 espécies para a área aberta, sendo 11 restritas a esse ambiente, enquanto para mata foram registradas 24, sendo 18 espécies restritas. Grande parte dos indivíduos capturados na mata foi da espécie D. aff.sericeus, enquanto no ambiente aberto nenhum indivíduo desta espécie foi coletado. Os estimadores indicaram uma estimativa máxima de riqueza de 21 espécies para o ambiente aberto e 32 espécies para o ambiente de mata. A curva de acumulação de espécies baseada em valores de riqueza observada média para os dois ambientes do RECD, não apresentou tendência a assíntota.

Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva) and Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto) (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in a sympatric area: seasonal and nocturnal hourly rhythm in black and white modified Shannon traps

Captures with black and white Shannon traps were undertaken to identify aspects of the behavior of the two cryptic and sympatric species implicated as vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis, Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) and Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto, 1926). The traps were installed side by side, monthly, from July 2001 to June 2002, from 18 to 07 hours, in a peridomicile of Iporanga municipality, state of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 2,142 specimens were captured, Ny. intermedia (47.4%) and Ny. neivai (50.5%). The white trap was more attractive to both sexes of both species. Males of Ny. neivai predominated (70%) over those of Ny. intermedia on the two traps; on the black trap, the females of Ny. intermedia predominated (63.3%) over those of Ny. neivai (36.7%). Seventy percent of the specimens of both species were captured between 18 and 24 h. Females of Ny. intermedia presented the highest peak at 19-20 h, and those of Ny. neivai at 20-21 h. The highest hourly average for females of Ny. intermedia on the black trap occurred in the winter and that for males in the summer. For Ny. neivai, both sexes predominated in the summer. The two species probably transmit the cutaneous leishmaniasis in the area due to their great predominance.

A armadilha contratual (Durkheim)

Neste artigo desenvolvemos a interpretação durkheimeana da divisão do trabalho social como solidariedade orgânica e contratual. Examinamos alguns aspectos que essa análise nos apresenta, de um lado, pela caracterização de um tipo de sociedade industrial que enaltece a solidariedade das funções no trabalho coletivo e não nos modos de produção; e, de outro, pela pressuposição de um Estado como elemento catalizador das corporações e que não deixa de antever uma noção de contrato.

Daniel Shannon fonds, 1816-1822

Lt. Daniel Shannon fl. 1777-1822, was the only son of Susan Drake, granddaughter of Rev. Thomas Drake, eldest brother of Sir Francis Drake, and Captain Daniel Shannon of the Royal Navy. He married Elizabeth Garvey, daughter of Alexander Garvey and Catharine Borden of New Jersey. Lt. Shannon was a Regular in the British Army and on February 12, 1777 he joined the Royal Standard, 5th New Jersey Volunteers. After being arrested and sentenced to hang for spying he was pardoned through the efforts of his mother Susan Drake Shannon who pleaded his case with the Governor. He served under General Cornwallis at the surrender in Virginia in 1781. In 1783 he moved to New Brunswick, Canada where he was reduced to a half-pay ensign in the 2nd Regiment of the Lincoln Militia. He was granted 500 acres of land on the St. Johns River, and on April 1, 1786 his daughter Catharine was born there. The family returned to the United States, residing in Pennsylvania, for a short time. In 1800 Lt. Shannon, with his mother and family, returned to Canada and settled in Stamford Township where he bought 200 acres of land on the Niagara River near the whirlpool. He later served in the Secret Service during the War of 1812 and was stationed at a lookout point on the Niagara River below the falls. In 1806 Shannon’s daughter, Catharine, married Thomas Lundy, fourth son of William Lundy of Stamford Township.

Letter Regarding an Affidavit discussing the Half Pay of Daniel Shannon, Ensign- June 13, 1820

A letter regarding an affidavit discussing the half pay of Daniel Shannon from the 25th June to the 21st of December 1819.

Oath of Employment History by Daniel Shannon- 1820

An oath by Daniel Shannon concerning his employment from the 25th of June to the 24th of December 1820.

Affidavit of Residency with Niagara for Daniel Shannon- 1819

An affidavit confirming that Daniel Shannon resided in the province and fulfilled loyal service in the War of 1812 as a look out in the Niagara Region. It is signed by Thomas Clark and Thomas Dickson of the 2nd Regiment of the Lincoln Militia.

Letter Regarding Ensign Daniel Shannon's Military Pay from the Commissariat Office- 30 May 1817

A letter stating that Military Half Pay would from then on be paid from the Commissariat Office. As a result, they require a new letter of attorney. It also states the half pay amount of Daniel Shannon.