El significado de la histerectomía para un grupo de hombres chilenos parejas de histerectomizadas

Se objetivó conocer el significado de la histerectomía para un grupo de hombres chilenos, parejas de mujeres histerectomizadas (HPMH). Estudio cualitativo, con entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a 15 hombres, parejas de mujeres histerectomizadas, entre Mayo y Septiembre del 2010, previa aprobación de dos Comités de Ética. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la perspectiva fenomenológica descrita por Giorgi, y se realizó el análisis de contenido según Krippendorff. Los criterios de Creswell fueron utilizados para evaluar la credibilidad del análisis y asegurar la validez descriptiva. Emergieron cinco dimensiones que representan aspectos únicos del significado de la histerectomía para los hombres parejas de mujeres histerectomizadas: síntomas, comentarios, atributos del útero, preocupaciones, y cambios en la sexualidad. Educar los hombres parejas de mujeres histerectomizadas es una acción fundamental para apoyar a las mujeres que serán sometidas a una histerectomía, siendo necesaria su incorporación en el plan de cuidados de ellas.

PCAF regulates the stability of the transcriptional regulator and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1

P27(Kip1) (p27) is a member of the Cip/Kip family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Recently, a new function of p27 as transcriptional regulator has been reported. It has been shown that p27 regulates the expression of target genes mostly involved in splicing, cell cycle, respiration and translation. We report here that p27 directly binds to the transcriptional coactivator PCAF by a region including amino acids 91-120. PCAF associates with p27 through its catalytic domain and acetylates p27 at lysine 100. Our data showed that overexpression of PCAF induces the degradation of p27 whereas in contrast, the knockdown of PCAF stabilizes the protein. A p27 mutant in which K100 was substituted by arginine (p27-K100R) cannot be acetylated by PCAF and has a half-life much higher than that of p27WT. Moreover, p27-K100R remains stable along cell-cycle progression. Ubiquitylation assays and the use of proteasome inhibitors indicate that PCAF induces p27 degradation via proteasome. We also observed that knockdown of skp2 did not affect the PCAF induced degradation of p27. In conclusion, our data suggest that the p27 acetylation by PCAF regulates its stability.

The transcriptional co-activator PCAF regulates cdk2 activity.

Cyclin dependent kinases (cdks) regulate cell cycle progression and transcription. We report here that the transcriptional co-activator PCAF directly interacts with cdk2. This interaction is mainly produced during S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. As a consequence of this association, PCAF inhibits the activity of cyclin/cdk2 complexes. This effect is specific for cdk2 because PCAF does not inhibit either cyclin D3/cdk6 or cyclin B/cdk1 activities. The inhibition is neither competitive with ATP, nor with the substrate histone H1 suggesting that somehow PCAF disturbs cyclin/cdk2 complexes. We also demonstrate that overexpression of PCAF in the cells inhibits cdk2 activity and arrests cell cycle progression at S and G2/M. This blockade is dependent on cdk2 because it is rescued by the simultaneous overexpression of this kinase. Moreover, we also observed that PCAF acetylates cdk2 at lysine 33. As this lysine is essential for the interaction with ATP, acetylation of this residue inhibits cdk2 activity. Thus, we report here that PCAF inhibits cyclin/cdk2 activity by two different mechanisms: (i) by somehow affecting cyclin/cdk2 interaction and (ii) by acetylating K33 at the catalytic pocket of cdk2. These findings identify a previously unknown mechanism that regulates cdk2 activity.

Real interpolation for families of Banach spaces (II)

In this paper, we study the dual space and reiteration theorems for the real method of interpolation for infinite families of Banach spaces introduced in [2]. We also give examples of interpolation spaces constructed with this method.

Extrapolation theory for the real interpolation method

We develop an abstract extrapolation theory for the real interpolation method that covers and improves the most recent versions of the celebrated theorems of Yano and Zygmund. As a consequence of our method, we give new endpoint estimates of the embedding Sobolev theorem for an arbitrary domain Omega

Staphylococcus lugdunensis infective endocarditis. Description of 10 cases and analysis of native valve, prosthetic valve and pacemaker lead endocarditis clinical profiles

bolism. Surgery was needed in 51% of cases and mortality was 42%. Prosthetic valve endocarditis (nine of 60, 13%) predominated in the aortic position and was associated with abscess formation, required surgery, and high mortality (78%). Pacemaker lead IE (seven of 69, 10%) is associated with a better prognosis when antibiotic treatment is combined with surgery. Conclusions:S lugdunensis IE is an uncommon cause of IE, involving mainly native left sided valves, and it is characterised by an aggressive clinical course. Mortality in left sided native valve IE is high but the prognosis has improved in recent years. Surgery has improved survival in left sided IE and, therefore, early surgery should always be considered. Prosthetic valve S lugdunensis IE carries an ominous prognosis.

Chagas Disease among the Latin American Adult population attending in a primary care center in Barcelona, Spain

Background/Aims: The epidemiology of Chagas disease, until recently confined to areas of continental Latin America, has undergone considerable changes in recent decades due to migration to other parts of the world, including Spain. We studied the prevalence of Chagas disease in Latin American patients treated at a health center in Barcelona and evaluated its clinical phase. We make some recommendations for screening for the disease. Methodology/Principal Findings: We performed an observational, cross-sectional prevalence study by means of an immunochromatographic test screening of all continental Latin American patients over the age of 14 years visiting the health centre from October 2007 to October 2009. The diagnosis was confirmed by serological methods: conventional in-house ELISA (cELISA), a commercial kit (rELISA) and ELISA using T cruzi lysate (Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics) (oELISA). Of 766 patients studied, 22 were diagnosed with T. cruzi infection, showing a prevalence of 2.87% (95% CI, 1.6-4.12%). Of the infected patients, 45.45% men and 54.55% women, 21 were from Bolivia, showing a prevalence in the Bolivian subgroup (n = 127) of 16.53% (95% CI, 9.6-23.39%). All the infected patients were in a chronic phase of Chagas disease: 81% with the indeterminate form, 9.5% with the cardiac form and 9.5% with the cardiodigestive form. All patients infected with T. cruzi had heard of Chagas disease in their country of origin, 82% knew someone affected, and 77% had a significant history of living in adobe houses in rural areas. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of T. cruzi infection in immigrants from Bolivia. Detection of T. cruzi¿infected persons by screening programs in non-endemic countries would control non-vectorial transmission and would benefit the persons affected, public health and national health systems.

Aproximación cualitativa a la valoración y el uso de recursos y estrategias didácticos en la docencia de la estadística en psicología.

El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en el análisis de la valoración que realizan tanto el alumnado como el profesorado de las asignaturas Análisis de Datos en Psicología y Técnicas de Investigación de los diferentes recursos y estrategias didácticos que se emplean en dichas asignaturas. Para ello se realizaron 3 grupos de discusión (2 con alumnado y 1 con profesorado) y se analizó el discurso que surgía en el interior de cada grupo. Los resultados complementan lo encontrado en investigaciones anteriores, mostrando que ambos colectivos prefieren los recursos más tradicionales y que las clases (magistrales y prácticas) continúan siendo las mejor valoradas. Además, también arrojan luz sobre las percepciones que cada grupo tiene de los recursos y su utilización, así como de aspectos actitudinales que también inciden en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje.

Las lesbianas (no) somos mujeres. En torno a Monique Wittig (introducción)

Este texto es un homenaje, ahora que se cumplen diez años de su muerte, a la persona y la obra de Monique Wittig (1935-2003). También es el producto de ciertas y felices confluencias, de esas extraordinarias confluencias que el azar y la voluntad a la vez hacen posibles; la primera, mi amistad de años tan fecunda y tan enriquecedora con María Jesús Fariña Busto y Elvira Burgos Díaz. De ella nacieron con el tiempo espacios de intercambio de ideas y deemociones, de afectos y complicidades. Cuando pensé que ya era hora de que nos embarcásemos en un proyecto de investigación tan necesario y tan sin hacer en el Estado español como este, lasconvoqué. De esta convocatoria surgieron también los nombres de Isabel Balza Múgica, Aránzazu Hernández Piñero y Gracia Trujillo Barbadillo, amigas de menos tiempo pero compañeras de las mismas batallas. El círculo se había cerrado. En 2009 el entonces MICINN nos concedió financiación para el proyecto «Feminismos lesbianos y queer: representación, visibilidad y políticas» (FEM2009-12946), una de cuyas materializaciones es este libro.

La implementación y transferibilidad del ABP

El ABP es una metodología centrada en el estudiante, protagonista de un proceso de enseñanzaaprendizaje, que se realiza en el contexto de equipos de trabajo colaborativos y autogestionados. Se trata de una educación competencial que cobra nuevo sentido con los actuales planes de estudios

Polymorphisms in DNA-repair genes in a cohort of prostate cancer patients from different areas in Spain: heterogeneity between populations as a confounding factor in association studies

Background: Differences in the distribution of genotypes between individuals of the same ethnicity are an important confounder factor commonly undervalued in typical association studies conducted in radiogenomics. Objective: To evaluate the genotypic distribution of SNPs in a wide set of Spanish prostate cancer patients for determine the homogeneity of the population and to disclose potential bias. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 601 prostate cancer patients from Andalusia, Basque Country, Canary and Catalonia were genotyped for 10 SNPs located in 6 different genes associated to DNA repair: XRCC1 (rs25487, rs25489, rs1799782), ERCC2 (rs13181), ERCC1 (rs11615), LIG4 (rs1805388, rs1805386), ATM (rs17503908, rs1800057) and P53 (rs1042522). The SNP genotyping was made in a Biotrove OpenArrayH NT Cycler. Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis: Comparisons of genotypic and allelic frequencies among populations, as well as haplotype analyses were determined using the web-based environment SNPator. Principal component analysis was made using the SnpMatrix and XSnpMatrix classes and methods implemented as an R package. Non-supervised hierarchical cluster of SNP was made using MultiExperiment Viewer. Results and Limitations: We observed that genotype distribution of 4 out 10 SNPs was statistically different among the studied populations, showing the greatest differences between Andalusia and Catalonia. These observations were confirmed in cluster analysis, principal component analysis and in the differential distribution of haplotypes among the populations. Because tumor characteristics have not been taken into account, it is possible that some polymorphisms may influence tumor characteristics in the same way that it may pose a risk factor for other disease characteristics. Conclusion: Differences in distribution of genotypes within different populations of the same ethnicity could be an important confounding factor responsible for the lack of validation of SNPs associated with radiation-induced toxicity, especially when extensive meta-analysis with subjects from different countries are carried out.

Entomopathogenic nematodes for the control of phorid and sciarid flies in mushroom crops

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of two nematodes, Steinernema feltiae and S. carpocapsae, to control mushroom flies and to evaluate the effect of these treatments on Agaricus bisporus production. Two mushroom cultivation trials were carried out in controlled conditions, in substrate previously infested with the diptera Megaselia halterata and Lycoriella auripila, with two treatments: 106infective juveniles (IJ) per square meter of S. feltiae and 0.5x106IJ m-2S. feltiae + 0.5x106IJ m-2S. carpocapsae. Another experiment was carried out using the same treatments to evaluate the possible nematode effect on mushroom yield. The number of adults emerging from the substrate was evaluated for each fly species. No decrease in the population of M. halterata was detected with nematode application, whereas the number of L. auripila was reduced in both treatments, particularly in the individual treatment with S. feltiae. The application of entomopathogenic nematodes has no adverse effect on mushroom production.