COMPOSITE AND MULTI-SCALE COMPLIANT MECHANISMS FOR MANIPULATION AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION

In this paper, we integrate two or more compliant mechanisms to get enhanced functionality for manipulating and mechanically characterizing the grasped objects of varied size (cm to sub-mm), stiffness (1e5 to 10 N/m), and materials (cement to biological cells). The concepts of spring-lever (SL) model, stiffness maps, and non-dimensional kinetoelastostatic maps are used to design composite and multi-scale compliant mechanisms. Composite compliant mechanisms comprise two or more different mechanisms within a single elastic continuum while multi-scale ones possess the additional feature of substantial difference in the sizes of the mechanisms that are combined into one. We present three applications: (i) a composite compliant device to measure the failure load of the cement samples; (ii) a composite multi-scale compliant gripper to measure the bulk stiffness of zebrafish embryos; and (iii) a compliant gripper combined with a negative-stiffness element to reduce the overall stiffness. The prototypes of all three devices are made and tested. The cement sample needed a breaking force of 22.5 N; the zebrafish embryo is found to have bulk stiffness of about 10 N/m; and the stiffness of a compliant gripper was reduced by 99.8 % to 0.2 N/m.

NON-DIMENSIONAL KINETOELASTOSTATIC MAPS FOR COMPLIANT MECHANISMS

How do we assess the capability of a compliant mechanism of given topology and shape? The kinetoelastostatic maps proposed in this paper help answer this question. These maps are drawn in 2D using two non-dimensional quantities, one capturing the nonlinear static response and the other the geometry, material, and applied forces. Geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis is used to create the maps for compliant mechanisms consisting of slender beams. In addition to the topology and shape, the overall proportions and the proportions of the cross-sections of the beam segments are kept fixed for a map. The finite region of the map is parameterized using a non-dimensional quantity defined as the slenderness ratio. The shape and size of the map and the parameterized curves inside it indicate the complete kinetoelastostatic capability of the corresponding compliant mechanism of given topology, shape, and fixed proportions. Static responses considered in this paper include input/output displacement, geometric amplification, mechanical advantage, maximum stress, etc. The maps can be used to compare mechanisms, to choose a suitable mechanism for an application, or re-design as may be needed. The usefulness of the non-dimensional maps is presented with multiple applications of different variety. Non-dimensional portrayal of snap-through mechanisms is one such example. The effect of the shape of the cross-section of the beam segments and the role of different segments in the mechanism as well as extension to 3D compliant mechanisms, the cases of multiple inputs and outputs, and moment loads are also explained. The effects of disproportionate changes on the maps are also analyzed.

Sistema de incentivos fiscais para as Regiões Norte e Nordeste após a transformação da Sudam e da Sudene em Ada e Adene

Consultoria Legislativa - Área XX - Redação e Discurso Parlamentar - Área XI - Meio Ambiente e Direito Ambiental, Organização Territorial, Desenvolvimento Urbano e Regional.

Ada programazio lengoaian aplikazioa: Lego Mindstorms NXT-en oinarritutako robota.

[EU]Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Lego Mindstorms NXT-an Ada Programazio Lengoaian Oinarritutako Aplikazioaren ikasketa burutuko da. Robot hauek aplikazio desberdinetan erabiltzen dira eta irakaskuntza eta ikerketa mundurako oso baliagarriak dira. Konkretuki, Ada lengoaiak eta bere Ravenscar profil azpimultzoak dituen erreminta, pakete, driver... baliabide desberdinak erabilita, liburuz diseinatutako labirinto batetik ateratzeko gai den robotaren aplikazioa burutuko da. Programazioa egiteko, GPS programan Ada lengoaiak eskainitako bitartekoak egokituko dira posible den bitartean eta era honetan, lengoaiaren ulermen sakonagoa bereganatzea espero da, aurkezten dituen indar eta ahuleziekin batera.

Compliant shell mechanisms.

This paper describes a class of lightweight structures known as compliant shell mechanisms. These are novel reconfigurable solutions for advanced structures, such as morphing shells and deployable membranes. They have local, discrete corrugations, which articulate and deform to achieve dramatic changes in the overall shape of the shell. The unique kinematics are considered by highlighting examples and by performing analysis using established and novel concepts, and favourable predictions of shape compared with laboratory models are demonstrated.