Intermittent target inhibition with dasatinib 100 mg once daily preserves efficacy and improves tolerability in imatinib-resistant and -intolerant chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia

Purpose Dasatinib is a BCR-ABL inhibitor, 325-fold more potent than imatinib against unmutated BCR-ABL in vitro. Phase II studies have demonstrated efficacy and safety with dasatinib 70 mg twice daily in chronic-phase (CP) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) after imatinib treatment failure. In phase I, responses occurred with once-daily administration despite only intermittent BCR-ABL inhibition. Once-daily treatment resulted in less toxicity, suggesting that toxicity results from continuous inhibition of unintended targets. Here, a dose-and schedule-optimization study is reported. Patients and Methods In this open-label phase III trial, 670 patients with imatinib-resistant or -intolerant CP-CML were randomly assigned 1: 1: 1: 1 between four dasatinib treatment groups: 100 mg once daily, 50 mg twice daily, 140 mg once daily, or 70 mg twice daily. Results With minimum follow-up of 6 months (median treatment duration, 8 months; range, = 1 to 15 months), marked and comparable hematologic (complete, 86% to 92%) and cytogenetic (major, 54% to 59%; complete, 41% to 45%) response rates were observed across the four groups. Time to and duration of cytogenetic response were similar, as was progression-free survival (8% to 11% of patients experienced disease progression or died). Compared with the approved 70-mg twice-daily regimen, dasatinib 100 mg once daily resulted in significantly lower rates of pleural effusion (all grades, 7% v 16%; P = .024) and grade 3 to 4 thrombocytopenia (22% v 37%; P = .004), and fewer patients required dose interruption (51% v 68%), reduction (30% v 55%), or discontinuation (16% v 23%). Conclusion Dasatinib 100 mg once daily retains the efficacy of 70 mg twice daily with less toxicity. Intermittent target inhibition with tyrosine kinase inhibitors may preserve efficacy and reduce adverse events.

Social dysfunction in bipolar disorder: pilot study

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the social skills of euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. Methods: A group of 25 outpatients with bipolar disorder type I were evaluated in comparison with a group of 31 healthy volunteers who were matched in terms of level of education, age, sex and intelligence. Both groups were assessed using a self-report questionnaire, the Brazilian Inventario de Habilidades Sociais (IHS, Social Skills Inventory). Two Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale subtests ( Picture Arrangement and Comprehension) were also used in order to assess subject ability to analyse social situations and to make judgements, respectively. Results: Patients with bipolar disorder had lower IHS scores for the domains that assessed conversational skills/social self-confidence and social openness to new people/situations. Patients with anxiety disorders had high scores for the domain that assessed self-confidence in the expression of positive emotions. No differences were found between patients and controls in performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Picture Arrangement and Comprehension subtests. Conclusions: Euthymic patients with bipolar disorder present inhibited and overattentive behaviour in relation to other people and their environment. This behaviour might have a negative impact on their level of social functioning and quality of life.

Influence of Blood Contamination on Bond Strength of a Self-etching Adhesive to Dental Tissues

Purpose: The aim of this study was to detect the influence of (1) storage period of heparinized blood, (2) type of blood and presence of contaminant, (3) application mode of cleansing agents, and (4) efficacy of cleansing agents on contaminated enamel and dentin during the adhesion process of a one-step adhesive system. Materials and Methods: One hundred four human molars were sectioned into halves along the long axis for enamel and dentin tests. Heparinized and fresh blood were obtained from the same donor, applied and dried to maintain a layer of dry blood on the top of samples. The cleansing agents used were hydrogen peroxide, anionic detergent, and antiseptic solution. A one-step adhesive system (Clearfil S3 Bond) was applied on the dental surface, and composite resin cylinders were built up using Tygon tubing molds. After 24 h, the mu SBS test (1 mm/min) and fracture analysis were performed. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in bond strength values regarding the storage period of heparinized blood and the types of blood. Groups without contamination presented higher bond strengths than contaminated groups. The application mode of the cleansing agents had no influence on bond strength results. There was no statistically significant difference among cleansing agents and they were as effective as a water stream in counteracting the effect of blood contamination. Conclusion: Heparinized blood can be used as a contaminant for up to one week, and it is a reliable procedure to standardize the contaminant. The cleansing agents can be used without friction. A water stream is sufficient to remove blood contamination from dental tissues, before the application of a one-step adhesive system.

Roughness of Human Enamel Surface Submitted to Different Prophylaxis Methods

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate alterations in the surface roughness and micromorphology of human enamel submitted to three prophylaxis methods. Sixty-nine caries-free molars with exposed labial surfaces were divided into three groups. Group I was treated with a rotary instrument set at a low speed, rubber clip and a mixture of water and pumice; group II with a rotary instrument set at a low speed, rubber cup and prophylaxis paste Herjos-F (Vigodent S/A Industria e Comercio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil); and group III with sodium bicarbonate spray Profi II Ceramic (Dabi A dante Indtistrias Medico Odontologicas Ltda, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil). All procedures were performed by the same operator for 10 s, and samples were rinsed and stored in distilled water. Pre and post-treatment surface evaluation was completed using a surface profilometer (Perthometer S8P Marh, Perthen, Germany) in 54 samples. In addition, the other samples were coated with gold and examined in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of this study were statistically analyzed with the paired t-test (Student), the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Dunn (5%) test. The sodium bicarbonate spray led to significantly rougher surfaces than the pumice paste. The use of prophylaxis paste showed no statistically significant difference when compared with the other methods. Based on SEM analysis, the sodium bicarbonate spray presented an irregular surface with granular material and erosions. Based on this study, it can be concluded that there was an increased enamel stuface roughness when teeth were treated with sodium bicarbonate spray when compared with teeth treated with pumice paste.

PROGRAMA PARA A JUSTIÇA PORTUGUESA

Há a verdade, há a mentira e há as estatísticas. Muitas outras medidas poderiam ser alvitradas, mas estas são algumas das ideias fundamentais para um programa de Governo que visa uma Justiça humanista, na qual o Ser Humano, organizado ou individual, é o centro da questão. A Justiça portuguesa também não pode ser uma competição entre a cor-de-laranja e o rosa, vermelho, azul ou qualquer outra cor, como amarelo, cinzento, castanho, entre outras. A Justiça portuguesa deve fazer-se sentir e respeitar. Não é mentira se dissermos que temos entre os melhores Magistrados do mundo, entre os melhores Advogados e Solicitadores do mundo, entre os melhores Funcionários Judiciais, Conservadores, Notários e outros Auxiliares de Justiça, entre os melhores polícias e investigadores do mundo. Bem hajas, Portugal, pois és capaz de muito mais e melhor. § There is the fact there are lies and there are statistics. Many other measures could be tell, but these are some of the key ideas for a government program aimed at a humanistic Justice, in which the human being organized or individual, is the heart of the matter. The Portuguese Justice can not be a competition between the pink-orange and pink, red, blue or any other color, such as yellow, gray, brown, and others. The Portuguese Justice must be felt and respect. It's not a lie if we say we have among the best Magistrates of the world, among the best Lawyers and Solicitors of the world, among the best Judicial Officers, Conservatives, notaries and other auxiliaries of Justice, police and among the best researchers in the world. Well wilt, Portugal, for you are capable of much more and better.

A POLISSEMIA (SOCIAL) DO DESERTO: UMA HISTÓRIA DO TÓPOS HISTÓRICO E HISTORIOGRÁFICO DA SOLIDÃO MONÁSTICA NO CONTEXTO LATINO MEDIEVAL

Resumo O presente artigo visa demonstrar que a visão historiográfica tradicional a respeito da solidão medieval é tributária da revalorização de alguns lugares comuns da retórica clássica e bíblica empregados pela documentação do período. Constatação não sem importância, uma vez que ela nos abre um novo horizonte analítico ainda não explorado pelos estudos monásticos: a função social da solidão medieval. Metodologicamente, o texto propõe o exame de relações lexicais dinâmicas presentes no campo semântico da solidão medieval. Ao final de nosso percurso teremos demonstrado que o deserto latino deve ser compreendido em função do processo de transferência da noção oriental para o ocidente. Uma transferência que coloca a solidão sob o controle de especialistas do isolamento cristão, tais como eremitas e monges. Esses reivindicam para si o monopólio da ocupação de um espaço de solidão: o eremus. Defende-se, assim, que a noção latinizada de solidão, bem como a polissemia do desertum bíblico, implica uma concepção "territorializada" do espaço na medida em que os agentes sociais em questão pretendem exercer sua influência de forma exclusiva sobre este espaço.

Aspectos ecológicos da tripanossomose americana: I - observações sôbre o Panstrongylus megistus e suas relações com focos naturais da infecção, em área urbana da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil

São relatadas as investigações que levaram a efeito o encontro de foco natural da Tripanossomose Americana, na área ocupada pelo bairro denominado Chácara Flora, na cidade de São Paulo. Esse foco conta com o concurso do triatomíneo Panstrongylus megistus, de gambás Didelphis marsupialis e de ratos domésticos da espécie Rattus norvegicus. A presença destes últimos permite admitir maior aproximação da infecção no sentido do ambiente humano. O encontro de um espécimen adulto fêmea de P. megistus sugando ativamente o homem dentro da habitação, aliado à revisão da literatura, permite supor que não se trata de subespécie ecológica. A presença de diferenças essenciais de comportamento no norte e sul do Brasil, no estado atual dos conhecimentos, seria resultante, preponderantemente, da ação de fatôres ambientais, entre os quais, as condições climáticas.

Contributos do Theobroma cacao L. para a saúde humana

Theobroma deriva do grego e significa alimento dos deuses. De acordo com Coe e Coe, a domesticação do cacaueiro terá sido realizada na América Central pela civilização Olmeca, sendo considerada uma dádiva dos deuses. O "ouro castanho" despertou um crescente interesse entre os diferentes povos, que lhe atribuíam um variado conjunto de propriedades terapêuticas, tendo algumas delas prevalecido até à actualidade. Objectivo do estudo: relacionar os constituintes do cacau com as suas propriedades.

Fatores de risco relacionados à perda de produtividade laboral e aumento dos custos ambulatoriais de pacientes atendidos por unidades básicas de saúde

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A abordagem e o ensino da escrita na Educação Pré-Escolar e no ensino do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico

Mestrado (PES II), Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, 1 de Julho de 2014, Universidade dos Açores.

As práticas educativas em contexto Pré-Escolar e 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico: a consciência fonológica e a aprendizagem da leitura

Mestrado (PES II), Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, 3 de Julho de 2014, Universidade dos Açores.

Das experiências de estágio no Pré-Escolar e 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico à promoção da leitura com vista à criação de comunidades leitoras

Mestrado (PES II), Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, 28 de Julho de 2014, Universidade dos Açores.

Portugal - Teacher education with an atlantic flavor

Este trabalho, em co-autoria, visa divulgar os processos de internacionalização da Universidade dos Açores e da Universidade do Minho, dando conta de um conjunto diversificado de projetos na área do ensino da língua portuguesa e cultura em diferentes partes do mundo.

As avós e os avôs nos manuais de leitura do 1º ciclo do ensino básico em Portugal

Comunicação apresentada no I Congresso Internacional "A voz dos Avós: Migração e Património Cultural", realizado na Universidade dos Açores, de 8 a 11 de maio de 2008. O texto encontra-se publicado no livro de Actas do evento.

A leitura através do currículo nas escolas do 2° ciclo

Comunicação apresentada no I Encontro de Didácticas nos Açores, realizado na Universidade dos Açores, nos dias 26 e 27 de fevereiro de 1998. Este texto encontra-se publicado nas actas do encontro.