991 resultados para 800


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Référence bibliographique : Rol, 61670

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Référence bibliographique : Rol, 61671

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Référence bibliographique : Rol, 60796

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Référence bibliographique : Rol, 60798

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias del Ejercicio) UANL, 2013.

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El objetivo de este trabajo de grado es describir una disputa política por el significado del concepto de explotación en el marco de la redacción del “Protocolo para prevenir, reprimir y sancionar la trata de personas, especialmente mujeres y niños”, en el cual se define aquello que se entiende por trata de personas. La construcción de este concepto excluye e invisibiliza otros tipos de explotación comunes en el sistema de producción capitalista contemporánea que pertenecen al universo de violencia objetiva sistémica a través del énfasis en la explotación sexual que hace parte de la violencia subjetiva.

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Se explica como pueden construir los niños a partir de once años una estufa eléctrica en una escuela rural y de maestro único. Con esta actividad se consigue que los alumnos se aficionen a la electricidad y que el aula, si lo requiere, tenga una fuente de calor con distintas utilidades.

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The first application of high field NMR spectroscopy (800 MHz for 1H observation) to human hepatic bile (as opposed to gall bladder bile) is reported. The bile sample used for detailed investigation was from a donor liver with mild fat infiltration, collected during organ retrieval prior to transplantation. In addition, to focus on the detection of bile acids in particular, a bile extract was analysed by 800 MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy, HPLC-NMR/MS and UPLC-MS. In the whole bile sample, 40 compounds have been assigned with the aid of two-dimensional 1H–1H TOCSY and 1H–13C HSQC spectra. These include phosphatidylcholine, 14 amino acids, 10 organic acids, 4 carbohydrates and polyols (glucose, glucuronate, glycerol and myo-inositol), choline, phosphocholine, betaine, trimethylamine-N-oxide and other small molecules. An initial NMR-based assessment of the concentration range of some key metabolites has been made. Some observed chemical shifts differ from expected database values, probably due to a difference in bulk diamagnetic susceptibility. The NMR spectra of the whole extract gave identification of the major bile acids (cholic, deoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic), but the glycine and taurine conjugates of a given bile acid could not be distinguished. However, this was achieved by HPLC-NMR/MS, which enabled the separation and identification of ten conjugated bile acids with relative abundances varying from approximately 0.1% (taurolithocholic acid) to 34.0% (glycocholic acid), of which, only the five most abundant acids could be detected by NMR, including the isomers glycodeoxycholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic acid, which are difficult to distinguish by conventional LC-MS analysis. In a separate experiment, the use of UPLC-MS allowed the detection and identification of 13 bile acids. This work has shown the complementary potential of NMR spectroscopy, MS and hyphenated NMR/MS for elucidating the complex metabolic profile of human hepatic bile. This will be useful baseline information in ongoing studies of liver excretory function and organ transplantation.

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Para tentar elucidar os efeitos da codisposição de embalagens de agrotóxico no âmbito de um aterro sanitário, foram monitoradas oito células de aterro, em tamanho reduzido. O resíduo sólido urbano utilizado nas oito células foi proveniente do município de Porto Alegre, tendo sido caracterizado antes da montagem do experimento. Os reatores foram submetidos a regas semanais por água, simulando uma situação média de chuva para a região. Acompanhou-se a degradação do RSU através de análises do percolado até a fase de fermentação metanogênica. A partir do 250o dia, passou-se a introduzir diferentes doses do agrotóxico Manzateâ 800, sendo três diferentes concentrações em duplicata e dois brancos. O acompanhamento estendeu-se então até os 460 dias. Os resultados de análises do percolado das oito células não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas entre si, antes e depois da aplicação do agrotóxico. Também não foram constatadas mudanças no comportamento da degradação anaeróbia do resíduo ao longo do tempo. As análises de metais realizadas no material sólido coletado ao final do experimento mostraram uma maior concentração de manganês e zinco, metais constituintes do agrotóxico utilizado, nas amostras provenientes dos reatores que receberam cargas do mesmo. Adicionalmente ao experimento, testou-se a influência do Manzateâ 800 em percolado proveniente de célula de aterro sanitário de escala real, também de caráter experimental, contendo apenas RSU. Os testes foram feitos em bateladas, com quatro concentrações diferentes do agrotóxico e um branco e compararam-se as concentrações de DBO5. Os valores obtidos apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas, sendo maiores as concentrações de DBO5 das amostras com maior concentração de Manzateâ 800. Tais resultados evidenciam a degradação do agrotóxico pelos microrganismos presentes no percolado.

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Bright blue upconversion emission by thulium ions in PbGeO3-PbF2-CdF2 glass triply doped with Nd3+-Tm3+-Yb3+ under diode laser excitation around 800 nm is reported. The results revealed that the Nd3+/Tm3+/Yb3+-codoped sample generated ten times more 475 nm blue upconversion fluorescence than the Yb3+-sensitized Tm3+-doped one, under the same excitation power. The upconversion process also showed a strong dependence upon the Yb3+ concentration. The results also indicated that the neodymium ions played a major role in the upconversion process by transfering the 800 nm excitation to thulium ions. The population of the Tm3+ ions (1)G(4) emitting level was accomplished through a multiion interaction involving ground-state absorption of pump photons around 800 nm by the Nd3+(I-4(9/2)-->H-2(9/2), F-4(5/2)) and Tm3+(H-3(6)-->F-3(4)) ions followed by energy-transfer processes involving the Nd3+-Yb3+(F-4(3/2), F-2(7/2)-->I-4(11/2), F-2(5/2)) and Yb3+-Tm3+(F-2(5/2), F-3(4)-->F-2(7/2), (1)G(4)) pairs. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.

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Small angle X-ray scattering measurements, bulk and skeleton density data and an in-situ study by dilatometric thermal analysis about the nanoporosity elimination above 800 degreesC in TEOS sonogels are presented. Apparently, two processes act during the nanoporosity elimination, which precedes the foaming phenomenon often observed in such systems. The first, with an activation energy of (3.9 +/- 0.4) x 10(2) kJ/mol and high frequency factor, is the controlling process of the most nanoporosity elimination at higher temperature. The value of this activation energy is compatible to that for viscous flux throughout densification process in typical silica-based materials. The second, with an activation energy of (49 +/- 5) kJ/mol and low frequency factor, seems to be the controlling process of the first and extremely slow nanoporosity elimination at low temperature.

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We show that Σ+ hyperons produced by 800 GeV/c protons on targets of Be and Cu have significant polarizations (15-20%). These polarizations persist at values of pt = 2 GeV/c and a wide range of xF. The polarizations from the Cu target are consistently less than from Be. The average ratio of the Σ+ polarization from Cu to that from Be is 0.68 ± 0.08.

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The nonlinear (NL) optical properties of glassy xBi2O 3-(1-x) GeO2 with x = 0.72 and 0.82 were investigated. The experiments were performed with lasers at 800 nm (pulses of 150 fs) and 532 nm (pulses of 80 ps and 250 ns). Using the Kerr gate technique, we observed that the NL response of the samples at 800 nm is faster than 150 fs. NL refraction indices, | n 2 | ≈ 5 × 10-16 cm2/W, and two-photon absorption coefficients, α 2, smaller than 0.03 cm/GW, were measured at 800 nm. At 532 nm, we measured the NL transmittance of the samples. From the results obtained, we determined α 2 ≈1 cm/GW and excited-state absorption cross-sections of ≈10-22 cm2 due to free-carriers. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.