Geochemistry and minerals at DSDP Legs 68-70 Holes

The compositions of natural glasses and phenocrysts in basalts from Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 501, 504, and 505, near the Costa Rica Rift, constitute evidence for the existence of a periodically replenished axial magma chamber that repeatedly erupted lavas of remarkably uniform composition. Magma compositions were affected by three general components: (1) injected magmas carrying (in decreasing order of abundance) Plagioclase, olivine, and chrome-spinel phenocrysts (spinel assemblage); (2) injected magmas carrying Plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and olivine phenocrysts, but no spinel (clinopyroxene assemblage); and (3) moderately evolved hybrids in the magma chamber itself. The compositions of the injected phenocrysts and minerals in glomerocrysts are as follows: Plagioclase - An85-94; olivine - Fo87-89; clinopyroxene - high Cr2O3 (0.7-1.1%), endiopside (Wo42En51Fs7), and aluminous chromian spinel (Cr/Cr + Al = 0.3). These minerals resemble those thought to occur in upper mantle sources (9 kbars and less) of ocean-ridge basalts and to crystallize in magmas near those sources. In the magma chamber, more sodic Plagioclase (An79-85), less magnesian olivine (Fo81-86) and low-Cr2O3 (0.1-0.4%) clinopyroxene formed rims on these crystals, grew as other phenocrysts, and formed cumulus segregations on the walls and floors of the magma chamber. In the spinel-assemblage magmas, magnesiochromite (Cr/Cr + Al = 0.4-0.5) also formed. Some cumulus segregations were later entrained in lavas as xenoliths. The glass compositions define 16 internally homogeneous eruptive units, 13 of which are in stratigraphic order in a single hole, Hole 504B, which was drilled 561.5 meters into the ocean crust. These units are defined as differing from each other by more than analytical uncertainty in one or more oxides. However, many of the glass groups in Hole 504B show virtually no differences in TiO2 contents, Mg/Mg + Fe2+, or normative An/An + Ab, all of which are sensitive indicators of crystallization differentiation. The differences are so small that they are only apparent in the glass compositions; they are almost completely obscured in whole-rock samples by the presence of phenocrysts and the effects of alteration. Moreover, several of the glass units at different depths in Hole 504B are compositionally identical, with all oxides falling within the range of analytical uncertainty, with only small variations in the rest of the suite. The repetition of identical chemical types requires (1) very regular injection of magmas into the magma chamber, (2) extreme similarity of injected magmas, and (3) displacement of very nearly the same proportion of the magmas in the chamber at each injection. Numerical modeling and thermal considerations have led some workers to propose the existence of such conditions at certain types of spreading centers, but the lava and glass compositions at Hole 504B represent the first direct evidence revealed by drilling of the existence of a compositionally nearly steady-state magma chamber, and this chapter examines the processes acting in it in some detail. The glass groups that are most similar are from clinopyroxene-assemblage lavas, which have a range of Mg/Mg + Fe2"1" of 0.59 to 0.65. Spinel-assemblage basalts are less evolved, with Mg/Mg + Fe2+ of 0.65 to 0.69, but both types have nearly identical normative An/An + Ab (0.65-0.66). However, the two lava types contain megacrysts (olivine, Plagioclase, clinopyroxene) that crystallized from melts with Mg/Mg + Fe2+ values of 0.70 to 0.72. Projection of glass compositions into ternary normative systems suggests that spinel-assemblage magmas originated deeper in the mantle than clinopyroxene-assemblage magmas, and mineral data indicate that the two types followed different fractionation paths before reaching the magma chamber. The two magma types therefore represent neither a low- nor a high-pressure fractionation sequence. Some of the spinel-assemblage magmas may have had picritic parents, but were coprecipitating all of the spinel-assemblage phenocrysts before reaching the magma chamber. Clinopyroxene-assemblage magmas did not have picritic parents, but the compositions of phenocrysts suggest that they originated at about 9 kbars, near the transition between plagioclase peridotite and spinel peridotite in the mantle. Two glass groups have higher contents of alkalis, TiO2, and P2O5 than the others, evidently as a result of the compositions of mantle sources. Eruption of these lavas implies that conduits and chambers containing magmas from dissimilar sources were not completely interconnected on the Costa Rica Rift. The data are used to draw comparisons with the East Pacific Rise and to consider the mechanisms that may have prevented the eruption of ferrobasalts at these sites.

Chemical and mineral compositions of basalts from the Pacific Ocean, DSDP data

Mineral and chemical alterations of basalts were studied in the upper part of the ocean crust using data of deep-sea drilling from D/S Glomar Challenger in the main structures of the Pacific floor. Extraction of majority of chemical elements (including heavy metals) from basalts results mainly from their interaction with heated sea water. As a result mineralized hydrothermal solutions are formed. On entering the ocean they influence greatly on ocean sedimentation and ore formation.

Chemiscal composition of basalts from DSDP Legs 69 and 70 Holes

Chemical compositions and 1-atm. phase relations were determined for basalts drilled from Holes 501, 504A, 504B, 505, and 505B on Legs 68, 69, and 70 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Chemical, experimental, and petrographic data indicate that these basalts are moderately evolved (Mg' values from 0.60 to 0.70), with olivine plus Plagioclase and often clinopyroxene on the liquidus. Chemical stratigraphy was used to infer that sequential influxes of magma into a differentiating magma chamber or separate flows from different magma chambers or both had occurred. Two major types of basalt were found to be inter layered: Group M, a rarely occurring type with major element chemistry and magmaphile element abundances within the range of the majority of ocean-floor basalts (TiO2 = 1.3%, Na2O 2.5%, Zr = 103 ppm, Nb = 2.5 ppm, and Y = 31 ppm); and Group D, a highly unusual series of basalt compositions that exhibit much lower magmaphile element abundances (TiO2 = 0.75-1.2%, Na2O = 1.7-2.3%, Zr = 34-60 ppm, Nb = 0.5-1.2 ppm, and Y = 16-27 ppm). The liquidus temperatures of the Group D basalts are high (1230- 1260°C) compared with those of other ocean-floor basalts of similar Mg' values. They have high CaO/Na2O ratios (5-8) and are calculated to be in equilibrium with unusually calcic Plagioclase (An78-84). The two basalt groups cannot be related by fractionation processes. However, constant Zr/Nb ratios (>40) for the two groups suggest a single mantle source, with differences in magmaphile element abundances and other element ratios (e.g., Zr/Ti, Zr/Y, Ce/Yb) arising through sequential melting of the same source. Magmas similar to Group D, if mixed with more typical mid-ocean-ridge basalt (MORB) magmas in shallow magma chambers, could provide a source for the highly calcic Plagioclase phenocrysts that appear in more common (i.e., less depleted) phyric ocean-floor basalts.

District Court of Queensland Act 1968 s 68 : jurisdiction in pre-proceedings applications under Personal Injuries Proceedings Act 2002

In Woolworths Ltd v Graham [2007] QDC 301 Searles DCJ struck out a pre-proceedings application under the Personal Injuries Proceedings Act 2002 (Qld)on the basis that the material before the Court was not sufficient to attract the jurisdiction of the District Court.The decision serves more broadly as a reminder that the District Court is an inferior court of defined and limited jurisdiction and that any proceedings brought in it must be demonstrably within the jurisdiction conferred on that court by legislation.

Rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segments S7 and S10 encode non-structural proteins of M(r) 68 025 (Pns7) and M(r) 32364 (Pns10) : brief report

The nucleotide sequences of genome segments S7 and S10 of a Thai-isolate of rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) were determined. The 1938 bp S7 sequence contains a single large open reading frame (ORF) spanning nucleotides 20 to 1 843 that is predicted to encode a protein of M(r) 68 025. The 1 162 bp S10 sequence has a major ORF spanning nucleotides 142 to 1 032 that is predicted to encode a protein of M(r) 32364. This S10 ORF is preceded by a small ORF (nt 20-55) which is probably a minicistron. Coupled in vitro transcription-translation from the two major ORFs gave protein products of the expected sizes. However, no protein was visualised from S10 when the small ORF sequence was included. Proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli from the full length ORF of S7 (P7) and from a segment of the S10 ORF (P10) fused to the ORF of glutathione S-transferase (GST). Neither fusion protein was recognised by polyclonal antibodies raised against RRSV particles. Furthermore, polyclonal antibodies raised against GST-P7 fusion protein did not recognise any virion structural polypeptides. These data strongly suggest that the proteins P7 and P10 do not form part of RRSV particle. This is further supported by observed sequence homology (though very weak) of predicted.

Improving diagnosis of tumor-induced osteomalacia with gallium-68 DOTATATE PET/CT

Context: Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rarely diagnosed disorder presenting with bone pain, fractures, muscle weakness, and moderate-to-severe hypophosphatemia resulting from fibroblast growth factor 23-mediated renal phosphate wasting. Tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 are often small and difficult to find with conventional imaging. Objective: We studied the utility of 68Ga-DOTA-octreotate (DOTATATE) somatostatin receptor positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging in the diagnosis of TIO. Design and Setting: A multicenter case series was conducted at tertiary referral hospitals. Patients and Methods: Six patients with TIO diagnosed between 2003 and 2012 in Australia were referred for DOTATATE PET imaging. We reviewed the clinical history, biochemistry, imaging characteristics, histopathology, and clinical outcome of each patient. Results: Each case demonstrated delayed diagnosis despite severe symptoms. DOTATATE PET/CT imaging demonstrated high uptake and localized the tumor with confidence in each case. After surgical excision, there was resolution of clinical symptoms and serum phosphate, except in one patient who demonstrated residual disease on PET/CT. All tumors demonstrated high somatostatin receptor subtype 2 cell surface receptor expression using immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: In patients with TIO, DOTATATE PET/CT can successfully localize phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors and may be a practical first step in functional imaging for this disorder. Serum phosphate should be measured routinely in patients with unexplained muscle weakness, bone pain, or stress fractures to allow earlier diagnosis of TIO. - See more at: http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/jc.2012-3642#sthash.eXD0CopL.dpuf

Comportamiento agroindustrial de veinticinco variedades de caña de azúcar (Saccharum sp. hibrido) en comparación con la variedad L 68-90 en caña planta

En el ciclo 90-91 se llevó a cabo el presente trabajo en el Ingenio Javier Guerra Báez con el objetivo de determinar el comportamiento agroindustrial de 25 cultivares de caña de azúcar en comparación con la variedad L 68-90. El experimento se sembró el 21 de febrero de 1990 en un suelo franco de la serie Nandaime, la cosecha se realizó a los 12 meses de edad el 21 de febrero de 1991. El diseño utilizado fue látice triple (5 x 5) y las variables estudiadas fueron: Germinación. Población, altura de tallos, diámetro de tallos, peso promedio de los tallos, rendimiento agrícola. rendimiento industrial y rendimiento agroindustrial Los datos fueron sometidos a un análisis de varianza y prueba de rangos múltiples de Duncan al 5% de significancia. Los mejores comportamientos para cada variable en estudio los obtuvieron los siguientes cultivares: Germinación: RB 73-2727, Cp 70-321, RB 77-3720, RB 73-2223, RB 73-9735 y RB 76-5288; Población: Sp 70-1423, Cp 70-321 RB 73-1012. Cp 71-6180. RB 73-1714. RB 76-5288. RB 73-2727, Cp 72-1210 y C 87-51; Longitud de tallo: RB 73-429. Cp 70-1527. RB 73-9735. RB 73-1012. Q 96 MEX 69-420 y MEX 68-P23; DiáMetro de los tallos: RB 73-2223, Cp 74-383. MEX 53-473, RB 76-5288. RB 73-9735. RB 73-5220. RB 73-9953. Cp70-1527, MEX 56-476 y MEX 68-p23; Peso promedio de los tallos: MEX 68- p23. RB 73-9735. RB 73-2223. CP 70-1527, RB 73-429. MEX 53-473. Q 96. MEX 69-420 y MEX 56-476;Rendimiento agrícola: Cp 71 -6180. MEX 68- P23. X 69-420. RB 73-1012. Sp 70-1423. RB 76-5288 y RB 73-9735; Rendimiento industrial Q 96, Cp 70-321, Cp 72-1210, MEX 68 P23 y Cp71-6180; Rendimiento agroindustrial Cp 71-6180.MEX 68-P23. Cp 70-321. RB 76-5288, Cp 72-1210. MEX69-420, RB 73-1012 Y Q96. Las variedades que presentaron enfermedades fueron: C 87-51, Cp 71-6180, Cp 70-1527, RB 73-2223. RB 73-2727. L '8-90, Cp 74-383, Sp 70-1284, RB 73-1714 y RB 73-429.

Evaluación agro-industrial de veinticinco variedades de caña de azúcar (Saccharum sp. hibrido), en comparación con la variedad L 68-90, en planta y retoño 1

El presente estudio corresponde a la evaluación de dos años de producción (90-91;91-92), de 25 variedades de caña de azúcar en comparación con la variedad L 68-90, establecido en el ingenio " Julio Buitrago Urroz ", para determinar su comportamiento agro­ industrial y seleccionar las mejores variedades para una segunda fase de selección. El ensayo se sembró 24 de marzo de 1990, la cosecha de planta se realizó el 21 de marzo de 1991, y el retoño 1 se cosecho el 21 de febrero de 1992. El diseño utilizado fue el de látice triple (5 x 5) parcialmente equilibrado y los parámetros estudiados fueron: Germinación, Población, Altura, Diámetro de los tallos, Peso promedio de los tallos, Rendimiento agrícola, Rendimiento industrial, y Rendimiento agro-industrial. Cada una de las variables fueron evaluadas mediante un análisis de varianza y a la prueba de rango múltiple de Duncan a un 5% de significación. Los resultados obtenidos fueron los siguientes: Germinación; Se obtuvieron diferencias altamente significativas, las mejores variedades son: Cp 70-321, Cp 70-1527, RB 73-9735, Mex 68-P23, RB 73-1012, Mex 53-473. Población; Se presentaron diferencias altamente significativas, resultando los mejores genotipos: Rb 73-2727, Cp 70-321, Sp 70-1423. Altura; Se determinó una alta diferencia significativa entre los cultivares destacándose: Sp 72-4790, RB 76-5288, RB 73-429. Diámetro de tallo; Se obtuvo una alta diferencia significativa siendo las mejores: RB 73-2223, Mex 56-476, Mex 69-420, RB 73-9735, Mex 53- 473, RB 73-9953, Cp 74-383. Peso promedio de los tallos; Se observó una alta diferencia significativa resultando los mejores genotipos: Mex 56-476, RB 73-2223, Mex 69-420, RB 73-429, Q 96, Mex 68-P23, RB 76-5288, RB 73-9735. Rendimiento agrícola; Estadísticamente se determinó una alta diferencia significativa, las variedades que superan al testigo son: Sp 72-4790, Sp 70- 1284, RB 73-9735. Rendimiento industrial; Se obtuvo diferencia significativa, siendo el mejor genotipo: La Q-96. Rendimiento agro-industrial; No se observaron diferencias significativas entre los cultivares en estudio, de acuerdo a la separación de medias las variedades más destacadas fueron: Sp 72-4790, RB 73- 5220. Respecto a las observaciones fitosanitarias la única variedad que no presento síntomas de las enfermedades señaladas en este estudio es: Sp 72-4790, las variedades más afectadas por el carbón son: RB 74-5672, Cp 72-1210, Cp 70-1527, RB 76-5288, RB 77-320, RB 73-1012, RB 73-9735, L 68-90.