Efeito da deficiência de potássio sobre as atividades de glutamato desidrogenase e glutamato sintase em feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Foi estudado o efeito da deficiência de potássio sobre as atividades da glutamato desidrogenase (EC. 1.4.1.2) e glutamato sintase (EC. 2.6.1.53) em folhas de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Os resultados mostraram que a atividade específica da glutamato desidrogenase aumentou nas plantas deficientes em potássio nos dois cultivares estudados. Foi detectada redução na atividade de glutamato sintase nas plantas deficientes em potássio.

Atividade Enzimática da 21-Hidroxilase e da 3beta-Hidroxiesteróide Desidrogenase em Mulheres Hirsutas com e sem Anovulação Crônica

Objetivos: testar a atividade supra-renal por meio de um estímulo potente sobre sua camada reticular com o intuito de aferir a atividade da 3b-hidroxiesteróide desidrogenase (3beta-HSD) e da 21-hidroxilase (21OH). Métodos: concentrações plasmáticas de 17alfaOH-pregnenolona, 17alfaOH-progesterona, cortisol, progesterona, androstenediona, deidroepiandrosterona (DHEA), sulfato de deidroepiandrosterona (SDHEA) e testosterona livre foram determinadas em 39 mulheres, sendo 13 normais (2 utilizadas como piloto) e 26 com hirsutismo idiopático nos tempos 0, 12 e 24 horas após injeção de ACTH-depot. Resultados: entre as mulheres hirsutas, identificamos respostas que permitem indicar qualquer bloqueio nas diversas etapas da esteroidogênese, conduzindo ao diagnóstico de função supra-renal diminuída em graus leve/moderado. As concentrações de 17aOH-pregnenolona partiram de 2,0 para 24,6 ng/ml, as de cortisol aumentaram de 2,1 para 45,3 e 38,4mig/dL, as de 17alfaOH-progesterona sofreram incremento de 50,7 para 346 e 218 ng/dL e os níveis de progesterona se elevaram de 0,3 para 4,4 e 2,2 ng/ml. Entre os hormônios da camada reticular verificamos aumento do SDHEA de 274,7 para 495,5 e 505,8 ng/dL, os de androstenediona de 1,1 para 4,0 e 4,5 ng/mL, os de testosterona livre de 1,3 para 1,8 e 2,7 pg/mL e os de DHEA de 2,4 para 4,7 e 8,5 ng/mL. Na avaliação individualizada uma paciente revelou defeito de 3beta-HSD e duas outras, provável defeito de 21OH. Conclusões: estes achados sugerem que o teste com ACTH-depot pode ser utilizado para excluir a supra-renal como possível fonte hiperandrogênica em mulheres com hirsutismo, com ou sem anovulação crônica.

Efeito da temperatura de estocagem de leveduras de panificação sobre a atividade da glicerol-3-fosfato desidrogenase

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito da deficiência de potássio sobre as atividades de glutamato desidrogenase e glutamato sintase em feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Foi estudado o efeito da deficiência de potássio sobre as atividades da glutamato desidrogenase (EC. 1.4.1.2) e glutamato sintase (EC. 2.6.1.53) em folhas de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Os resultados mostraram que a atividade específica da glutamato desidrogenase aumentou nas plantas deficientes em potássio nos dois cultivares estudados. Foi detectada redução na atividade de glutamato sintase nas plantas deficientes em potássio.

Atividades séricas da aspartato aminotransferase, creatina quinase e lactato desidrogenase de eqüinos submetidos ao teste padrão de exercício progressive em esteira

The aim of this study was to determine the serum activities of enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in Arabian horses submitted to exercise on high-speed equine treadmill. Eleven mature Arabian horse were training and submitted to Standard Incremental Exercise Test on high-speed equine treadmill. Venous blood samples were taken before exercise, immediately and 30 min, 60min, 3h, 6h, 24h, 3 days and 5 days after exercise. The serum activity aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were determined. The serum activies of AST, CK and LDH increase immediately and returned to baseline value 30 minutes after exercise. The AST enzyme activity increased at 12 hours and 24 hours, CK at 3 hours and 6 hours, and LDH at 24 hours after Standard Incremental Exercise Test.

Indução da expressão da Glicerol-3-Fosfato desidrogenase em levedura

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dosagem de etanol utilizando alcool desidrogenase de levedura de panificação

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Micronutrient And Physiologic Parameters Before And 6 Months After Rygb.

Bariatric surgery is considered an effective method for sustained weight loss, but may cause various nutritional complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of minerals and vitamins, food consumption, and to monitor physiologic parameters in patients with obesity before and 6 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB). Thirty-six patients who had undergone RYGB were prospectively evaluated before and 6 months after surgery. At each phase their weight, height, body mass index (BMI), Electro Sensor Complex (ES Complex) data, food consumption, and total protein serum levels, albumin, prealbumin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), zinc (Zn), B12 vitamin (VitB12), iron (Fe), ferritin, copper (Cu), ionic calcium (CaI), magnesium (Mg), and folic acid were assessed. The mean weight loss from baseline to 6 months after surgery was 35.34±4.82%. Markers of autonomic nervous system balance (P<.01), stiffness index (P<.01), standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN) (P<.01), and insulin resistance (P<.001) were also improved. With regard to the micronutrients measured, 34 patients demonstrated some kind of deficiency. There was a high percentage of Zn deficiency in both pre- (55.55%) and postoperative (61.11%) patients, and 33.33% of the patients were deficient in prealbumin postoperatively. The protein intake after 6 months of surgery was below the recommended intake (<70 g/d) for 88.88% of the patients. Laboratory analyses demonstrated an average decrease in total protein (P<.05), prealbumin (P = .002), and PTH (P = .008) between pre- and postsurgery, and a decrease in the percentage of deficiencies for Mg (P<.05), CaI (P<.05), and Fe (P = .021). Despite improvements in the autonomic nervous system balance, stiffness index markers and insulin resistance, we found a high prevalence of hypozincemia at 6 months post-RYGB. Furthermore, protein supplements were needed to maintain an adequate protein intake up to 6 months postsurgery.

Human Herpesvirus-6 And Cytomegalovirus Dna In Liver Donor Biopsies And Their Correlation With Hla Matches And Acute Cellular Rejection.

Herpesvirus reactivation is common after liver transplantation. Analyze the presence of cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) DNA in liver donor biopsies, seeking to better understand issues involving human donor leukocyte antigens (HLA)-A, B and DR, as well as correlations with acute cellular rejection. Fifty-nine liver transplantation patients were investigated for the presence of HCMV and HHV-6 DNA in liver donor biopsies, using the Nested-PCR technique. The clinical donor information and HLA matches were obtained from the São Paulo State Transplant System. The recipients' records regarding acute cellular rejection were studied. Seven (11.8%) biopsies were positive for HCMV DNA and 29 (49%) were positive for HHV-6 DNA. In 14 donors with HLA-DR 15 nine had HHV-6 DNA positive liver biopsy with a tendency for significant association (p=0.09), 22 recipients developed acute cellular rejection and 9/22 were positive for HLA-DR 15 (p=0.03; χ(2)=4.51), which was statistically significant in univariate analysis and showed a tendency after multivariate analysis (p=0.08). HHV-6 DNA was prevalent in liver donors studied as well as HLA-DR 15. These findings suggest that patients with HLA-DR 15 in liver donor biopsies develop more rejection after liver transplantation.

Exercise Increases Pancreatic β-cell Viability In A Model Of Type 1 Diabetes Through Il-6 Signaling.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is provoked by an autoimmune assault against pancreatic β cells. Exercise training enhances β-cell mass in T1D. Here, we investigated how exercise signals β cells in T1D condition. For this, we used several approaches. Wild-type and IL-6 knockout (KO) C57BL/6 mice were exercised. Afterward, islets from control and trained mice were exposed to inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β plus IFN-γ). Islets from control mice and β-cell lines (INS-1E and MIN6) were incubated with serum from control or trained mice or medium obtained from 5-aminoimidazole-4 carboxamide1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR)-treated C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Subsequently, islets and β cells were exposed to IL-1β plus IFN-γ. Proteins were assessed by immunoblotting, apoptosis was determined by DNA-binding dye propidium iodide fluorescence, and NO(•) was estimated by nitrite. Exercise reduced 25, 75, and 50% of the IL-1β plus IFN-γ-induced iNOS, nitrite, and cleaved caspase-3 content, respectively, in pancreatic islets. Serum from trained mice and medium from AICAR-treated C2C12 cells reduced β-cell death, induced by IL-1β plus IFN-γ treatment, in 15 and 38%, respectively. This effect was lost in samples treated with IL-6 inhibitor or with serum from exercised IL-6 KO mice. In conclusion, muscle contraction signals β-cell survival in T1D through IL-6.-Paula, F. M. M., Leite, N. C., Vanzela, E. C., Kurauti, M. A., Freitas-Dias, R., Carneiro, E. M., Boschero, A. C., and Zoppi, C. C. Exercise increases pancreatic β-cell viability in a model of type 1 diabetes through IL-6 signaling.

Crescimento fisico e desempenho motor em crianças de 6 a 12 anos decondição socio-economica media da area urbana da provincia de Arequipa-Peru

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

Lesion of the subthalamic nucleus reverses motor deficits but not death of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in a rat 6-hydroxydopamine-lesion model of Parkinson's disease

The objective of the present study was to determine whether lesion of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) promoted by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) would rescue nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons after unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) injection into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Initially, 16 mg 6-OHDA (6-OHDA group) or vehicle (artificial cerebrospinal fluid - aCSF; Sham group) was infused into the right MFB of adult male Wistar rats. Fifteen days after surgery, the 6-OHDA and SHAM groups were randomly subdivided and received ipsilateral injection of either 60 mM NMDA or aCSF in the right STN. Additionally, a control group was not submitted to stereotaxic surgery. Five groups of rats were studied: 6-OHDA/NMDA, 6-OHDA/Sham, Sham/NMDA, Sham/Sham, and Control. Fourteen days after injection of 6-OHDA, rats were submitted to the rotational test induced by apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg, ip) and to the open-field test. The same tests were performed again 14 days after NMDA-induced lesion of the STN. The STN lesion reduced the contralateral turns induced by apomorphine and blocked the progression of motor impairment in the open-field test in 6-OHDA-treated rats. However, lesion of the STN did not prevent the reduction of striatal concentrations of dopamine and metabolites or the number of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons after 6-OHDA lesion. Therefore, STN lesion is able to reverse motor deficits after severe 6-OHDA-induced lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway, but does not protect or rescue dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.

The recurrence of leprosy reactional episodes could be associated with oral chronic infections and expression of serum IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10

The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of leprosy reactional episodes could be associated with chronic oral infection. Thirty-eight leprosy patients were selected and divided into 2 groups: group I - 19 leprosy patients with oral infections, and group II - 19 leprosy patients without oral infections. Ten patients without leprosy, but presenting oral infections, were assigned to the control group. Leprosy patients were classified according to Ridley and Jopling classification and reactional episodes of the erythema nodosum type or reversal reaction were identified by clinical and histopathological features associated with serum IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10 levels. These analyses were performed immediately before and 7 days after the oral infection elimination. Patients from group I presenting oral infections reported clinical improvement of the symptoms of reactional episodes after dental treatment. Serum IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10 levels did not differ significantly before and after dental treatment as determined by the Wilcoxon test (p>0.05). Comparison of the 2 groups showed statistically significant differences in IL-1 and IL-6 at baseline and in IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 on the occasion of both collections 7 days after therapy. Serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels in group I differed significantly at baseline compared to control (Mann-Whitney test; p<0.05). These results suggest that oral infection could be involved as a maintenance factor in the pathogenesis of leprosy reactional episodes.

Physiological and biochemical characterization of the assai palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) during seed germination and seedling growth under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Physiological and biochemical aspects of assai palm during seed germination and early seedling growth were investigated. Seeds collected from plants growing in flooded and upland forests were used to determine the influence of normoxic (aerobic) and anoxic (anaerobic) conditions in germination and the initial and average time of development in the roots and shoots. After 75 days, seedlings germinated under normoxia were transferred to trays and submitted to flooding. Seed reserves (lipids, proteins, soluble sugars and starch) were monitored for quiescent and germinated seeds maintained under normoxic and anoxic conditions, as well as after 5, 10 and 20 days of seedling growth. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity was quantified in roots and leaves of seedlings without or with flooding (partial and total). Seeds were not able to germinate under anoxia. Different strategies of storage mobilization of lipids, proteins, soluble sugars and starch were observed in seeds of each environment. ADH activity was induced by anoxia, with the highest level observed in the leaves. This study showed that, under normoxic conditions, the best developmental performance of assai palm seeds, from flooded or upland forest areas, during germination was associated with primary metabolites mobilization and seedling flooding tolerance with increased ADH activity. We conclude that the assai palm is well adapted to the anoxic conditions provoked by flooding.

Screening of Trypanosoma cruzi glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme inhibitors

The inhibitory activity of crude extracts of Meliaceae and Rutaceae plants on glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gGAPDH) enzyme from Trypanosoma cruzi was evaluated at 100 μg/mL. Forty-six extracts were tested and fifteen of them showed significant inhibitory activity (IA % > 50). The majority of the assayed extracts of Meliaceae plants (Cedrela fissilis, Cipadessa fruticosa and Trichilia ramalhoi) showed high ability to inhibit the enzymatic activity. The fractionation of the hexane extract from branches of C. fruticosa led to the isolation of three flavonoids: flavone, 7-methoxyflavone and 3',4',5',5,7-pentamethoxyflavone. The two last compounds showed high ability to inhibit the gGAPDH activity. Therefore, the assayed Meliaceae species could be considered as a promising source of lead compounds against Chagas' disease.