A Novel Planar Fractal Antenna with CPW-Feed for Multiband Applications

In this paper, a multiband antenna using a novel fractal design is presented. The antenna structure is formed by inscribing a hexagonal slot within a circle. This base structure is then scaled and arranged within the hexagon along its sides without touching the outer structure. The proposed CPW fed, low profile antenna offers good performance in the 1.65 – 2.59 GHz, 4.16 – 4.52 GHz and 5.54 – 6.42 GHz bands and is suitable for GSM 1800/1900, Bluetooth, IMT advanced systems and upper WLAN applications. The antenna has been fabricated on a substrate of height 1.6 mm and εr = 4.4 and simulation and experimental results are found to be in good agreement

Familia y educación : guía práctica para escuela de padres y madres eficaces.

Guía elaborada desde la óptica educativa y la experiencia docente con el objetivo de servir de ayuda a las familias para que éstas sean capaces de reconocer las situaciones cotidianas que hacen díficil el proceso educativo, muchas veces por falta de información o formación específica. La guía selecciona una serie de temas a partir de los cuales ofrece consejos prácticos: estilos parentales, necesidad de una educación en valores, responsabilidad y ética social, información y prevención ante el riesgo de drogas, desarrollo de habilidades sociales, hábitos de estudio .

El folklore como base en la Educación Musical.

Resumen tomado de la publicación

Resource for UK Computing Law - INFO2009 - 09/10

Zip file containing source code and database dump for the resource

De Millos y algo más. Estudio sobre la barrabrava Blue Rain en Bogotá

El proyecto está orientado al estudio de las agrupaciones denominadas barras bravas. A través de la etnografía, se explora la cotidianidad de las personas que integran estos grupos. Por tanto, a partir del enfoque en las prácticas individuales y grupales, así como las trayectorias y posiciones de los integrantes de estos grupos en los diferentes espacios sociales, se establece un debate ante las miradas particulares y académicas que condenan o rehabilitan moralmente a las barras bravas.

Espeleotemas de ópalo y pseudocarst granítico

The amorphous silica (opal-A) speleothems associated to the open structural system of granitic rocks where the slow circulation of runoff is produced are mainly the result of the biological degradation of the rock. These speleothems are found in many different geographic, climatic and geological environments though always associated to granitoids. They show two different morphologies: cylindrical or long bodies and laminar or layered forms. They are internally formed by a mass of clasts and spheres of opal-Awith a porous texture that evolves to compact and massive due to the reiteration of the re-dissolution/re-precipitation of the amorphous opal by the water that circulates through it after each rainfall period. A final characteristic of each growth stage (end of rainy period) is the development of whiskers of minerals, normally gypsum, on the water output points of the speleothems. The dimensions of the speleothems are millimetric (length and/or thickness). In this paper their morphology and mineralogy are described based on their study by SEM, XRD and XRF, and there is established a new and more complete genetic hypothesis than the one that exists up to now to understand their formation

Os estados passionais nos homicídios

Nesta Dissertação é feita uma abordagem psicológica ao tema das emoções e à sua influência na criação dos estados passionais. Posteriormente é abordada a influência dos mesmos nos casos de homicídio e de que forma devem ser julgados tais crimes tendo em conta o estado psicológico do agente.

Aportes a la discusión sobre lo nuevo y lo viejo de la acción colectiva en América Latina (Tema Central)

Diversos debates se han planteado en torno a las características actuales de los movimientos sociales. Tras la caída de la URSS, la discusión acerca de las ideas clásicas del marxismo y la aplicabilidad de los preceptos de cambio social basados en la lucha de clases se ha hecho evidente en una multiplicidad de posturas. Esta situación ha dado pie para nombrar como “nuevos” a proyectos emergentes centrados en reivindicaciones identitarias, de género y cercanas a las temáticas culturales en general. Sin embargo, queda pendiente el cuestionamiento de hasta dónde lo nuevo articula a los actores sociales en una propuesta de cambio histórico, o hasta qué punto los desmoviliza, enmarcándolos en luchas coyunturales o limitadas hacia un sector específico.

High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder measurements of gravity wave activity in the 2006 Arctic stratosphere

Observations from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite are used to quantify gravity wave momentum fluxes in the middle atmosphere. The period around the 2006 Arctic sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is investigated, during which a substantial elevation of the stratopause occurred. Analysis of the HIRDLS results, together with analysis of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting zonal winds, provide direct evidence of wind filtering of the gravity wave spectrum during this period. This confirms previous hypotheses from model studies and further contributes to our understanding of the effects of gravity wave driving on the winter polar stratopause.

Sequence-selective assembly of tweezer-molecules on linear templates enables frameshift-reading of sequence information

Monomer-sequence information in synthetic copolyimides can be recognised by tweezer-type molecules binding to adjacent triplet-sequences on the polymer chains. In the present paper different tweezer-molecules are found to have different sequence-selectivities, as demonstrated in solution by 1H NMR spectroscopy and in the solid state by single crystal X-ray analyses of tweezer-complexes with linear and macrocyclic oligo-imides. This work provides clear-cut confirmation of polyimide chain-folding and adjacent-tweezer-binding. It also reveals a new and entirely unexpected mechanism for sequence-recognition which, by analogy with a related process in biomolecular information processing, may be termed "frameshift-reading". The ability of one particular tweezer-molecule to detect, with exceptionally high sensitivity, long-range sequence-information in chain-folding aromatic copolyimides, is readily explained by this novel process.

Amyloid formation: interface influence

The causes of pathological conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are becoming better understood. Proteins that misfold from their native structure to form aggregates of β-sheet fibrils — termed amyloid — are known1,2 to be implicated in these ‘amyloid diseases’. Understanding the early steps of fibril formation is critical, and the conditions, mechanism and kinetics of protein and peptide aggregation are being widely investigated through a variety of in vitro studies. Kinetic aspects of the dispersion of the protein or peptide in solution are thought to influence the fibrillization process by mass-transfer effects. In addition, mixing also leads to shear forces, which can influence fibril growth by perturbing the equilibrium between the isolated and aggregated proteins, causing existing fibrils to fragment and create new nuclei3. Writing in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, David Talaga and co-workers have now highlighted4 an additional factor that can influence the fibrillization of amyloid-forming proteins — the presence of hydrophobic interfaces.

Crystal structures of Λ-[Ru(phen)2dppz]2+ with oligonucleotides containing TA/TA and AT/AT steps show two intercalation modes

The ruthenium complex [Ru(phen)2(dppz)] (where phen is a phenanthroline and dppz a dipyridyl–phenazine ligand) is known as a ‘light switch’ complex because its luminescence in solution is significantly enhanced in the presence of DNA. This property is poised to serve in diagnostic and therapeutic applications, but its binding mode with DNA needs to be elucidated further. Here, we describe the crystal structures of the L enantiomer bound to two oligonucleotide duplexes. The dppz ligand intercalates symmetrically and perpendicularly from the minor groove of the d(CCGGTACCGG)2 duplex at the central TA/TA step, but not at the central AT/AT step of d(CCGGATCCGG)2. In both structures, however, a second ruthenium complex links the duplexes through the combination of a shallower angled intercalation into the C1C2/G9G10 step at the end of the duplex, and semi-intercalation into the G3G4 step of an adjacent duplex. The TA/TA specificity of the perpendicular intercalation arises from the packing of phenanthroline ligands against the adenosine residue.

Monitoring one-electron photo-oxidation of guanine in DNA crystals using ultrafast infrared spectroscopy

To understand the molecular origins of diseases caused by ultraviolet and visible light, and also to develop photodynamic therapy, it is important to resolve the mechanism of photoinduced DNA damage. Damage to DNA bound to a photosensitizer molecule frequently proceeds by one-electron photo-oxidation of guanine, but the precise dynamics of this process are sensitive to the location and the orientation of the photosensitizer, which are very difficult to define in solution. To overcome this, ultrafast time-resolved infrared (TRIR) spectroscopy was performed on photoexcited ruthenium polypyridyl–DNA crystals, the atomic structure of which was determined by X-ray crystallography. By combining the X-ray and TRIR data we are able to define both the geometry of the reaction site and the rates of individual steps in a reversible photoinduced electron-transfer process. This allows us to propose an individual guanine as the reaction site and, intriguingly, reveals that the dynamics in the crystal state are quite similar to those observed in the solvent medium.

Assessment of antimicrobial effect of Biosilicate (R) against anaerobic, microaerophilic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms

This study assessed the antimicrobial activity of a new bioactive glass-ceramic (Biosilicate (R)) against anaerobic, microaerophilic, and facultative anaerobic microorganisms. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity was carried out by three methods, namely agar diffusion, direct contact, and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). For the agar diffusion technique, bio glass-ceramic activity was observed against various microorganisms, with inhibition haloes ranging from 9.0 +/- 1.0 to 22.3 +/- 2.1 mm. For the direct contact technique, Biosilicate (R) displayed activity against all the microorganisms, except for S. aureus. In the first 10 min of contact between the microorganisms and Biosilicate (R), there was a drastic reduction in the number of viable cells. Confirming the latter results, MIC showed that the Biosilicate (R) inhibited the growth of microorganisms, with variations between <= 2.5 and 20 mg/ml. The lowest MIC values (7.5 to <= 2.5 mg/ml) were obtained for oral microorganisms. In conclusion, Biosilicate (R) exhibits a wide spectrum of antimicrobial properties, including anaerobic bacteria.

Sinalização com dividendos em um ambiente sem impostos : evidências do Brasil

Este trabalho analisa a ocorrência de efeitos de sinalização através dos anúncios de pagamentos de proventos pelas empresas brasileiras negociadas em bolsa, testando as teorias de Bhattacharya (1979) e John e Williams (1985). São analisados 203 anúncios de proventos de 1996 a 2003, período em que os dividendos não foram tributados no Brasil e juros sobre o capital próprio sofreram tributação a alíquota de 15%. Os resultados para a amostra completa indicam que não há retorno anormal significativo no dia do evento e também em janelas de 3 dias e 21 dias centradas no evento. A sub-amostra de dividendos, que são isentos de tributação, não apresentou sinalização, com AR[0] de 0,29%, CAR[-1,+1] de 0,15% e CAR[-10,+10] de 0,08%, todos sem significância estatística ao nível de 10%. Anúncios de juros sobre o capital próprio apresentaram reação negativa, um resultado inesperado, já que estes proventos são tributados e deveriam sinalizar positivamente. Foram obtidos AR[0] de -0,77% (significativo ao nível de 5%), CAR[-1,+1] de -0,30% e CAR[-10,+10] de -1,31% (ambos sem significância estatística ao nível de 10%). Anúncios de dividendos no Brasil se comportam como prevê a teoria de sinalização e aumentam as evidências ao seu favor. Anúncios de juros sobre o capital próprio contradizem a teoria de sinalização, e trazem a tona a necessidade de novas explicações para o comportamento dos anúncios destes proventos típicos do Brasil.