Lowell, Massachusetts, 1850 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plan of the city of Lowell, Massachusetts, from actual surveys by Sidney & Neff. It was published by S. Moody in 1850. Scale [ca. 1:3,450]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001) coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, canals, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, parks, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes also illustrations of local buildings in margins.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Pompei, Italy, 1832 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Pompeii, drawn by W.B. Clarke, Arch.; engraved by T.E. Nicholson. It was published under the superintendence of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge [by] Baldwin & Cradock, July 1, 1832. Scale [ca. 1:3,450]. Covers Pompei, Italy. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'European Datum 1950 UTM Zone 33 North' coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map.This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas, selected buildings, excavation sites, ancient sites, gates, original shoreline, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes index, ill. of principal buildings and sites, a view of Pompeii, "Plan of the coast in the vicinity of Vesuvius", and "Domus Pansae."This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Receptor activity-modifying protein-dependent effects of mutations in the calcitonin receptor-like receptor:implications for adrenomedullin and calcitonin gene-related peptide pharmacology

Background and Purpose Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) define the pharmacology of the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR). The interactions of the different RAMPs with this class B GPCR yield high-affinity calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or adrenomedullin (AM) receptors. However, the mechanism for this is unclear. Experimental Approach Guided by receptor models, we mutated residues in the N-terminal helix of CLR, RAMP2 and RAMP3 hypothesized to be involved in peptide interactions. These were assayed for cAMP production with AM, AM2 and CGRP together with their cell surface expression. Binding studies were also conducted for selected mutants. Key Results An important domain for peptide interactions on CLR from I32 to I52 was defined. Although I41 was universally important for binding and receptor function, the role of other residues depended on both ligand and RAMP. Peptide binding to CLR/RAMP3 involved a more restricted range of residues than that to CLR/RAMP1 or CLR/RAMP2. E101 of RAMP2 had a major role in AM interactions, and F111/W84 of RAMP2/3 was important with each peptide. Conclusions and Implications RAMP-dependent effects of CLR mutations suggest that the different RAMPs control accessibility of peptides to binding residues situated on the CLR N-terminus. RAMP3 appears to alter the role of specific residues at the CLR-RAMP interface compared with RAMP1 and RAMP2. © 2013 The Authors. British Journal of Pharmacology published by John Wiley &. Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Pharmacological Society.