Expresión del factor de crecimiento fibroblastico tipo 8 en el desarrollo temprano del pez cebra

Dentro del estudio de la expresión de diferentes genes, el teleósteo Danio rerio (Pez cebra) ha sido modelo de estudio del desarrollo de los vertebrados. Esta especie es ventajosa para este fin por diferentes razones, entre- ellas están la producción de grandes camadas durante todo el año, son fácilmente mantenidos, sus embriones son transparentes y se desarrollan fuera de la madre, tienen un desarrollo rápido, ya que en las 24 horas post -fecundación ya están formados la mayor parte de tejidos y primordios de los órganos, se pueden generar mutantes que se pueden propagar y estudiar muy fácilmente. Este trabajo pretende mostrar la relación entre la expresión temprana del Factor de Crecimiento Fibroblástico tipo 8 (FGF8) y el desarrollo del Sistema Nervioso Central de esta especie.

Matemáticas : educación secundaria obligatoria.

Contiene tablas resumen de los recursos bibliográficos idóneos según las áreas concretas de las matemáticas

Matemáticas.

Esta guía forma parte de un conjunto de materiales concebidos para facilitar el desarrollo del currículo en las diferentes áreas de conocimiento que integran la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Con su publicación, el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia pretende proporcionar a los profesores un instrumento que les ayude a seleccionar y utilizar recursos didácticos para el desarrollo de sus programaciones. La guía de Matemáticas informa sobre los distintos tipos de recursos y sus aplicaciones, haciendo una selección y comentario de aquellos que considera más relevantes en cuanto a su utilidad en el aula. Se ha estructurado en torno a cinco grandes bloques: recursos bibliográficos, recursos audiovisuales, recursos informáticos, la calculadora como recurso y recursos materiales.

La biblioteca, un espacio de convivencia.

Resumen tomado parcialmente de la publicación

Jugando en paz : propuestas para jugar en libertad y sin violencia.

Pretende ayudar a cualquier persona que tenga relación con niños, especialmente a quienes realizan una labor educativa, a conocer las condiciones que necesita la infancia para que su juego pueda contribuir a una socialización dentro de los valores de una cultura de paz. El hilo conductor es el juego en paz.

Impacte de um programa de treino em circuito com resistências hidráulicas na composição corporal da mulher

A presente tese teve como objectivo compreender o impacte de um programa de treino em circuito com máquinas hidráulicas na composição corporal de mulheres. Para a sua realização, numa primeira instância efectuou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura, onde foram sintetizadas as evidências científicas sobre a temática em estudo, seguida da elaboração de um artigo experimental observacional. A revisão sistemática sintetizou os principais resultados dos estudos analisados e avaliou a qualidade metodológica dos mesmos, relativamente ao impacte da prática de exercício físico na composição corporal de mulheres, de forma a melhor compreender a realidade, constituindo a fundamentação teórica do tema em estudo. A realização desta revisão permitiu verificar nos diferentes estudos analisados que, o treino com resistências com intensidades adaptadas ao nível de cada participante, solicitando os grandes e pequenos grupos musculares, com uma frequência de 3x/semana ou superior e com uma duração mínima de trinta minutos por sessão, apresenta resultados positivos, nomeadamente reduções ao nível de variáveis da composição corporal como o peso e perímetro abdominal, bem como nas variáveis índice de massa corporal (IMC), percentagem de massa gorda (%MG). O artigo experimental visou analisar o impacte de um programa de treino em circuito com máquinas hidráulicas na composição corporal de mulheres. Observou-se que mulheres que fazem este tipo de treino, com equipamento hidráulico e em circuito, apresentam melhorias significativas no peso, IMC, %MG e perímetros corporais. Os melhores resultados foram verificados nas participantes mais assíduas à prática da actividade física.A realização deste estudo permitiu verificar que, nas participantes na amostra, o treino em circuito com máquinas hidráulicas pode contribuir de forma benéfica para a composição corporal de mulheres praticantes deste tipo de actividade, parecendo indicar uma relação de dose-resposta entre os benefícios ocorridos e a assiduidade.

La propiedad intelectual y la protección legal de las artesanías

Mediante un análisis teórico y conceptual se identificó las dificultades de la protección legal de las artesanías por diferentes sistemas, como el de Propiedad Intelectual y normas sobre patrimonio cultural. Las características particulares que contienen estas expresiones artísticas y los cambios a que están sujetas por efectos del desarrollo industrial y tecnológico, determinan la importancia de un tratamiento especializado. La información que se ha mantenido de forma exclusiva dentro de las comunidades y pueblos locales, denominada conocimientos colectivos se manifiesta bajo diferentes formas, con esta investigación se comprobará que la artesanía tradicional es otra manera de exteriorizar este conocimiento y la cultura de los pueblos indígenas. Para algunas comunidades ciertas artesanías alcanzaron trascendencia en el tiempo y cualquier efecto externo que pudiera afectarlas también se extiende a los pueblos que las detentan o las producen. La experiencia sufrida por el pueblo denominado Coroma, en Bolivia, de la sustracción ilegal de tejidos ancestrales pertenecientes a toda la comunidad, es un ejemplo que debe motivar a un estudio pormenorizado de las expresiones artesanales.

'Hey little rich boy, take a good look at me': punk, class and British oi!

This article looks at the controversial music genre Oi! in relation to youth cultural identity in late 1970s and early 1980s Britain. By examining the six compilation albums released to promote Oi! as a distinct strand of punk, it seeks to challenge prevailing dismissals of the genre as inherently racist or bound to the politics of the far right. Rather, Oi! – like punk more generally – was a contested cultural form. It was, moreover, centred primarily on questions of class and locality. To this end, Oi! sought to realize the working-class rebellion of punk’s early aesthetic; to give substance to its street-level pretentions and offer a genuine ‘song from the streets’.

Intake, water consumption, ruminal fermentation, and stress response of beef heifers fed after different lengths of delays in the daily feed delivery time

Four rumen-fistulated Holstein heifers (134 +/- 1 kg initial BW) were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to determine the effects of delaying daily feed delivery time on intake, ruminal fermentation, behavior, and stress response. Each 3-wk experimental period was preceded by 1 wk in which all animals were fed at 0800 h. Feed bunks were cleaned at 0745 h and feed offered at 0800 h (T0, no delay), 0900 (T1), 1000 (T2), and 1100 (T3) from d1 to 21 with measurements taken during wk 1 and 3. Heifers were able to see each other at all times. Concentrate and barley straw were offered in separate compartments of the feed bunks, once daily and for ad libitum intake. Ruminal pH and saliva cortisol concentrations were measured at 0, 4, 8, and 12 h postfeeding on d 3 and 17 of each experimental period. Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites were measured on d 17. Increasing length of delay in daily feed delivery time resulted in a quadratic response in concentrate DMI (low in T1 and T2; P = 0.002), whereas straw DMI was greatest in T1 and T3 (cubic P = 0.03). Treatments affected the distribution of DMI within the day with a linear decrease observed between 0800 and 1200 h but a linear increase during nighttimes (2000 to 0800 h), whereas T1 and T2 had reduced DMI between 1200 and 1600 h (quadratic P = 0.04). Water consumption (L/d) was not affected but decreased linearly when expressed as liters per kilogram of DMI (P = 0.01). Meal length was greatest and eating rate slowest in T1 and T2 (quadratic P <= 0.001). Size of the first meal after feed delivery was reduced in T1 on d 1 (cubic P = 0.05) and decreased linearly on d 2 (P = 0.01) after change. Concentrate eating and drinking time (shortest in T1) and straw eating time (longest in T1) followed a cubic trend (P = 0.02). Time spent lying down was shortest and ruminating in standing position longest in T1 and T2. Delay of feeding time resulted in greater daily maximum salivary cortisol concentration (quadratic P = 0.04), which was greatest at 0 h in T1 and at 12 h after feeding in T2 (P < 0.05). Daily mean fecal glucocorticoid metabolites were greatest in T1 and T3 (cubic P = 0.04). Ruminal pH showed a treatment effect at wk 1 because of increased values in T1 and T3 (cubic P = 0.01). Delaying feed delivery time was not detrimental for rumen function because a stress response was triggered, which led to reduced concentrate intake, eating rate, and size of first meal, and increased straw intake. Increased salivary cortisol suggests that animal welfare is compromised.

EXACT AND QUASI-EXACT MODELS OF STRANGE STARS

We construct and compare in this work a variety of simple models for strange stars, namely, hypothetical self-bound objects made of a cold stable version of the quark-gluon plasma. Exact, quasi-exact and numerical models are examined to find the most economical description for these objects. A simple and successful parametrization of them is given in terms of the central density, and the differences among the models are explicitly shown and discussed. In particular, we present a model starting with a Gaussian ansatz for the density profile that provides a very accurate and almost complete analytical integration of the problem, modulo a small difference for one of the metric potentials.

ACCRETION MECHANISMS ONTO PRIMORDIAL BLACK HOLES

We study the evolution of a primordial black hole (PBH) taking into account the presence of dark energy modeled by a general perfect fluid. In the specific case of a stationary non-self-gravitating test fluid, the competition between radiation accretion, Hawking evaporation and the accretion of such a fluid has been studied in detail. The evaporation of PBHs is quite modified at late times by these effects. We address further generalizations of this scenario to consider other types of fluids, and point out early developments of a nonstationary accretion model.

GALAXY EVOLUTION THROUGH THE COSMIC TIME

Elliptical galaxies are the best systems to study the early star formation activity in the universe. This work aims to understand the formation and evolution of these objects through the study of the integrated properties of their stellar populations. Here an evolutionary model is developed and their predicted spectrophotometric properties are presented.

CONSTRAINING THE NONEXTENSIVE MASS FUNCTION OF HALOS FROM BAO, CMB AND X-RAY DATA

Clusters of galaxies are the most impressive gravitationally-bound systems in the universe, and their abundance (the cluster mass function) is an important statistic to probe the matter density parameter (Omega(m)) and the amplitude of density fluctuations (sigma(8)). The cluster mass function is usually described in terms of the Press-Schecther (PS) formalism where the primordial density fluctuations are assumed to be a Gaussian random field. In previous works we have proposed a non-Gaussian analytical extension of the PS approach with basis on the q-power law distribution (PL) of the nonextensive kinetic theory. In this paper, by applying the PL distribution to fit the observational mass function data from X-ray highest flux-limited sample (HIFLUGCS), we find a strong degeneracy among the cosmic parameters, sigma(8), Omega(m) and the q parameter from the PL distribution. A joint analysis involving recent observations from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) peak and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) shift parameter is carried out in order to break these degeneracy and better constrain the physically relevant parameters. The present results suggest that the next generation of cluster surveys will be able to probe the quantities of cosmological interest (sigma(8), Omega(m)) and the underlying cluster physics quantified by the q-parameter.

NU-PROCESS IN EXOTIC MODELS

The exact physical conditions generating the abundances of r-elements in environments such as supernovae explosions are still under debate. We evaluated the characteristics expected for the neutrino wind in the proposed model of type-II supernova driven by conversion of nuclear matter to strange matter. Neutrinos will change the final abundance of elements after freeze out of r-process nucleosynthesis, specially those close to mass peaks.