Orexin receptor antagonism, a new sleep-enabling paradigm: a proof-of-concept clinical trial

The orexin system is a key regulator of sleep and wakefulness. In a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover study, 161 primary insomnia patients received either the dual orexin receptor antagonist almorexant, at 400, 200, 100, or 50 mg in consecutive stages, or placebo on treatment nights at 1-week intervals. The primary end point was sleep efficiency (SE) measured by polysomnography; secondary end points were objective latency to persistent sleep (LPS), wake after sleep onset (WASO), safety, and tolerability. Dose-dependent almorexant effects were observed on SE , LPS , and WASO . SE improved significantly after almorexant 400 mg vs. placebo (mean treatment effect 14.4%; P < 0.001). LPS (–18 min (P = 0.02)) and WASO (–54 min (P < 0.001)) decreased significantly at 400 mg vs. placebo. Adverse-event incidence was dose-related. Almorexant consistently and dose-dependently improved sleep variables. The orexin system may offer a new treatment approach for primary insomnia.

Ms. hebr. oct. 161 - Pisḳe ha-Rosh

Vorbesitzer: Eljāqīm Carmoly; Abraham Merzbacher

Ms. Barth. 161 - Mainzer Diözesanbrevier (Winterteil)

Vorbesitzer: Bartholomaeusstift Frankfurt am Main

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 161 - Mitteilung über den Umzug nach Naumburg

u.a.: Geburtsort des Geheimen Hofrats Carl Johns in Arnstadt;

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 975 - Mitteilung an Wilhelm Gwinner über seine Versetzung nach Wien

Angaben zur Realismus und Materialismus;

Ms. Praed. 161 - Collectanea theologica

Vorbesitzer: Dominikanerkloster Frankfurt am Main

Ms.Ff.F.Stoltze 3. 161 - Brief von Wilhelm Kaulen an Friedrich Stoltze

Deutsche Latern: Abrechnung

Radiocarbon dates of sediments from ODP Site 161-976

Multiproxy paleoenvironmental records (pollen and planktonic isotope) from Ocean Drilling Program Site 976 (Alboran Sea) document rapid ocean and climate variations during the last glacial that follow the Dansgaard-Oeschger climate oscillations seen in the Greenland ice core records, thus suggesting a close link of the Mediterranean climate swings with North Atlantic climates. Continental conditions rapidly oscillated through cold-arid and warm-wet conditions in the course of stadial-interstadial climate jumps. At the time of Heinrich events, i.e., maximum meltwater flux to the North Atlantic, western Mediterranean marine microflora and microfauna show rapid cooling correlated with increasing continental dryness. Enhanced aridity conceivably points to prolonged wintertime stability of atmospheric high-pressure systems over the southwestern Mediterranean in conjunction with cooling of the North Atlantic.